INTEGRATING CLIMATE CHANGE RESPONSES IN THE MASTER PLAN – RENEWABLE WATER

RESOURCE PLANNING & MANAGEMENT-PRESENTATION TO ICLEI CONFERENCE HELD AT DAR-ES-SALAAM ON 30TH OCTOBER, 2013.

BY PLANNER J.K.BARREH, DEPUTY DIRECTOR –

CITY PLANNING DEPARTMENT:

NAIROBI & ADJOINING AREAS

NAIROBI MASTER PLAN AREA Size: About - 691 KM2

Day Population – About 4.0 millions

MASTER PLAN’s OBJECTIVES The proposed Nairobi Integrated Urban

Development Master Plan (NIUPLAN) aims to:

Develop responsive strategies on implementation of sustainable urban development,

Incorporate sustainable water & sanitation strategies, among others, in a range of integrated multi-sector development plans.

Undertaken SEA process to fast-track prediction of (-ve) environmental effects & formulate responsive mitigation strategies.

STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (SEA)

Sea is “a systematic process for evaluating potential environmental, social and economic impacts of a proposed Master Plan’s policies, plans or programs (PPP) to ensure they are fully studied and effectively managed at the earliest stage of planning and decision-making”.

NIUPLAN & IMPORTANCE OF SEA. As a PPP-the NIUPLAN is being subjected to

SEA instead of EIA due to:

oNairobi’s Geographical setting and its neighbourhood & context,

oMultiple Land uses, e.g, Residential, Commercial, Offices, Airports, Industrial, Physical Infrastructure & Social amenities, etc.,

oDiverse existing & anticipated inter-infrastructural linkages in the proposed master plan – E.g. Renewable water resources planning/management.

SUMMARY - KEY ISSUES OF SURFACE WATER RESOURCES

EXAMPLES OF WATER RESOURCES SUB-SECTOR PLANS

Water Infrastructure Plans – [among others], Water Supply ‘Master Plan’ – incorporating

Underground/Borehole Water, Rain Water Harvesting, Water Re-cycling Plan(s),

Riparian Way leaves/Riverine Drainage plans,

Waste water Disposal Plan,

Storm Water Drainage Plan,

SURFACE WATER POLLUTION

EXAMPLES OF OTHER SECTOR PLANS:

Solid Waste Management,

Forests, Parks & Recreational Spaces,

Renewable Energy & Electric Power,

Landscaping Schemes,

Environmental Issues, etc.,

LAND USE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES

Conservation of landscape features;

Sustainable use of natural water & landscape resources;

Conflicts between urban development and

conservation of renewable water resources;

CONT’D.

Lack of efficient natural landscape conservation mechanisms &

Increased paved areas, inadequate storm water drainage systems - flooding & erosion effects, subsidence &/or landslides, etc.,

Limited integration between built-up areas & renewable water resources’ plans-being embraced by the NIUPLAN.

INTEGRATING DIVERGENTSECTOR PLANS: oNairobi Metro 2030 Strategy ( 2008),

oWater Supply & Sewerage Master Plan (2012),

oStorm Water Drainage Master Plan (2013/14-Underway), etc.,

CONT’D. oSEA process is being undertaken on the

NIUPLAN –that comprises of various water resources sub-sector plans derived from various conceptual contexts – to be synchronized,

oDesigning responsive & harmonized mitigation strategies with multiple stakeholders to provide coherent and responsive Environmental Mitigation Plans ( EMPs) on:-

CONT’D • Gray water re-cycling, • Rain water harvesting, • Re-charge of underground water sources,

protection of riparian reserves, • Cleaning/purification of polluted

rivers/river basins

CONT’D. o Incorporation of green building concept/zero

energy use buildings and

oUtilization of renewable water & energy sources in the built-up environment - sustainable development :–

NAIROBI’s FACTS & FIGURES ON GROUND WATER

By mid 2007- total number of known boreholes within the Nairobi Aquifer system was 3,639 No. with a demand of 800,000m3 daily.

Nairobi & neighbouring counties - gazetted as a ground water conservation area in 1951. Studies on aquifers by WRMA (2007) - show underground depletion is a response to excessive abstraction against natural recharge,

Abstraction of ground water is active in areas where there is no water supply from the NCWSCo - but boreholes exist in some areas to supplement NCWSCo’s supply.

NAIROBI’s FACTS & FIGURES ON WATER CONT’’D. Daily demand of wholesome water – about

600,000 cubic metres;

Daily supply from its 4 No. sources in 3 other Counties – 500,000 cubic metres ( 30-40% lost thro’ leaking & illegal connections);

During drier seasons wholesome water supply declines to less than 300,000 cubic metres – supplemented vide borehole water.

INTEGRATION OF RENEWABLE WATER RESOURCE PLANNING INTEGRATED INTO THE MASTER PLAN PROCESS

Use of effective mitigation strategies to forestall the depletion of declining non-renewable water & energy sources,

Reducing paved areas/hard landscape & buildings’ footprints while pursuing more ‘compact’ developments,

Incorporation of efficient water & energy utilization concepts & land use design strategies,

Adopt conservation/compatible mixed land use planning interventions for sustainable urban developments,

Integrated multi-sector renewable resource use planning.

THANK YOU –

(ASANTE SANA)