the integration of waste and renewable energy sources for...
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The Integration of Waste and Renewable Energy Sources for
Heating and Cooling Demands in Locally Integrated Energy Sectors
1Simon John Perry, 2Jiří Klemeš and 1Igor Bulatov
1Centre for Process Integration, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science
The University of Manchester, UK
2EC Marie Curie Chair (EXC) “INEMAGLOW”, Research Institute of Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, FIT, University of Pannonia, Hungary
Veszprem Hungary, 2008
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• Supply – Grangemouth
Current energy problems
US air force: a 21st-century Apollo-style multi-billion programme is needed to develop greener fuels and tackle global warming. US air force plans to switch its aircraft to a synthetic liquid fuel made from coal. It has tested the new fuel in aircraft such as the B-52 bomber. The air force would not switch to new technology unless it "has a greener carbon footprint" than existing fuels. The Guardian, Monday April 28 2008
• Prices
• Fuel/Food debate: food prices
• CO2
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World Marketed Energy Use by Fuel Type,
International Energy Outlook 2007
World Energy-Related CO2 Emissions by Fuel Type,
International Energy Outlook 2007
Energy Consumption and Emissions
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Energy Prices: Upward Trends
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Energy Use by Sectors (UK)
Source: Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform, UK, 2007
Industry25%
Transport28%
Domestic 30%
Services17%
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Meeting Domestic (Local) Energy RequirementsLocal Heat Sources and Heat Sinks
• Biomass• Industrial/Domestic Waste• Waste Heat• Heat Pumps• Solar thermal
How to integrate?
• Residential• Commercial• Small industry
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Process Stream Data to Composite Curves to Grand Composite Curves (GCC)
T
H (Enthapy)
QH
QC
Hot Composite Curve
Cold Composite CurveFEED
R2
D 2
R 1
D 1
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Enthalpy (MW)
GCC to Total Site Profile
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Enthalpy (MW)
Heat Sinks
Heat Source
External Heat Supply 4 MW
External Heat Waste 6.1 MW
Total Site Profiles
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Total Site Profiles with potential steam heat recovery
Sinks
Sources
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Total Site Profiles with steam heat recovery In recovering heat we have reduced external energy supply from 4 to 2.4 MW
In recovering heat we have reduced external heat waste from 6.1 to 4.4 MW
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Case Study
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Plant A Plant B
Hospital
(Plant C)
Residential / Office Complex
(Plant D)
Utilities ?
Locally Integrated Energy Sector
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Stream Name Tsupply [oC]
T target [oC]
DH [MW]
CP [kW/oC]
1 Hot A2 170 80 5.000 55.5556
2 Hot A1 150 55 6.477 68.1818
3 Cold A5 25 100 1.500 20.0000
4 Cold A6 70 100 0.750 35.0000
5 Cold A7 30 65 5.250 150.0000
Process plant A stream data
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Process plant B stream data
Stream Name Tsupply [oC]
T target [oC]
DH [MW] CP [kW/oC]
1 Hot B1 200 80 10.000 83.3333
2 Cold B2 20 100 4.000 50.0000
3 Cold B3 100 120 10.000 500.0000
4 Hot B4 150 40 8.000 72.7273
5 Cold B5 60 110 1.000 20.0000
6 Cold B6 75 150 7.000 93.3333
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Stream Name T supply [oC]
T target [oC]
DH [kW]
CP [kW/oC]
1 Hot Soapy water 85 40 23.85 0.532 Hot Condensed steam 80 40 96.4 2.413 Cold Laundry sanitary
water25 55 17.7 0.59
4 Cold Laundry 55 85 77.4 2.585 Cold Boiler feed water 33 60 7.2 0.246 Cold Sanitary water 25 60 77 2.27 Cold Sterilization 30 121 12.74 0.14
Process Stream data of hospital complex (Plant C)
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8 Cold Swimming pool water 25 28 151.68 50.569 Cold Cooking 30 100 59.5 0.8510 ColdHeating 18 25 100.8 14.4
11 Cold Bedpanwashers 21 121 5 0.05
Stream Name T supply [oC]
T target [oC]
DH [kW]
CP [kW/oC]
Process Stream data of hospital complex (Plant C)
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Stream Name T supply [oC]
T target [oC]
DH [MW]
CP [kW/oC]
1 Hot District heating 15 60 6.000 133.333
2 Hot Hot water 15 80 5.000 76.9232
Process Stream data of residential and office complex (Plant D)
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Site Profiles for the Locally Integrated Energy Sector LIES
External Heat Supply 17.5 MW
External Heat Waste 6.5 MW
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Scenario 1 – Total Site Profiles
Integration of sources and sinks reduces external supply from 17.5 MW to 11.5 MW (and reduces external waste heat by same amount)
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Scenario 2 – Total Site Profiles
More complex integration makes better use of sources of heat (temperature), but external supply remains the same (trade-offs required!!!)
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From Targets to DesignUtility System Synthesis
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B1
100t/h
86t/hB7
B2 B3 B4 B5 B6
110t/h 110t/h 218t/h 90t/h
50t/h
HP101bar486 C
95t/h
MP20.6bar
488t/h
LP5.7bar
38t/h
COND0.96bar
L1
L2Vent
110t/h
65t/h
13t/h
110t/h
25t/h
T17.79MW 78t/h
T26.84MW 84t/h
T37.56MW 87t/h
T47.91MW 102t/h
T59.61MW 165t/h
T621.3MW
63t/hT8
7.9MWT7
1.64MW
Industrial Utility System Design
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Industrial Utility System Design
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Design of Locally Integrated Energy Sector with heat and power
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Conclusions
• Local Areas contain many potential sources and sinks of heat
• Proven methodologies exist for integrating these sources and sinks to make efficient use of energy, reduce external energy supplies and reduce emissions (currently applied in large scale industry)
• These methodologies can also be applied in the context of Locally Integrated Energy Sectors (LIES)
• Additionally these methodologies can be extended to include power production