the industrial revolution the revolution that changed the world forever
TRANSCRIPT
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The Industrial Revolution
The Revolution that changed the world forever
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• Industrial – Having to do with industry, business or manufacturing
• Revolution – a huge change or a change in the way things are done
• Industrial Revolution – a change from making things by hand to making them in factories.
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Transportation• Before the Industrial Revolution, people relied
on the horse and their own feet to get around.• With the invention of the steam locomotive,
transportation took a huge step forward.• The first two major railroad companies were
the Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroads.
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Passenger carriers
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An original steam engine
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Steam locomotive
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Leland Stanford
• Leland Stanford was a business tycoon, (a wealthy, powerful person in business or industry) co-founder of the Central Pacific Railroad, creator of Stanford University, and the governor of California.
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Textiles
• With the invention of the spinning jenny and the power loom, the textile industry took off.
• Clothes could now be made far faster than ever before.
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Spinning wheel
• The spinning wheel was the first invention, but it was very slow.
• Threads were spun one at a time, by hand.
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The spinning jenny
• The spinning jenny could spin up to eight thread at time. The spinning jenny was much faster than the spinning wheel.
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The Spinning Mule
• The spinning mule used water power to spin the thread, which was much faster than doing it by hand.
• More cloth could now be made.
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The Power Mule
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The power loom
• The power loom used water power to weave cloth
• People could make a lot of cloth quickly.
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A cotton factory
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Agriculture
• Advances in agriculture were also made.• The invention of the seed drill allowed
farmers to plant many more seeds much more quickly.
• The reaper allowed farmers to harvest their crops more efficiently.
• More crops could now be grown feeding an increasing population.
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The seed drill
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The reaper
• The reaper was used to cut down the harvest. As you can see, it would take a long time to do it by hand.
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The mechanical reaperThe mechanical reaper was a lot faster than doing the hand reaper
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Steel
• With the invention of steel, buildings could be made much taller.
• Steel was much harder than iron, which would bend if made too tall.
• The steel industry created many new products, and led to the invention of the car.
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Smoke stacks of a factory
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A melting plant
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Pollution
• One of the bad things about industrialization was pollution, as you could see in the earlier slides.
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Andrew Carnegie
• Andrew Carnegie became a millionaire in the steel business by putting all his competitors out of business.
• He created U.S. Steel in Pittsburg.
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The electric light
• Can you imagine what life would be like without the electric light?
• Thomas Edison invented the electric light.
• Thomas Edison also invented many other things, like the phonograph.
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Thomas Edison
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The phonograph
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Telegraph
• In 1844, Samuel Morse demonstrates his telegraph by sending a message to Baltimore from the chambers of the Supreme Court in Washington, DC. The message, "What hath God wrought?," marks the beginning of a new era in communication.
• The telegraph used dots and dashes to send messages over electric lines. These dots and dashes became known as Morse Code.
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Telephone
• Alexander Graham Bell patented the first telephone in 1876.
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John D. Rockefeller
• John D. Rockefeller became the richest man in the world in the oil business.
• He created Standard Oil Company.
• Oil began being used in all types of machines, like cars.
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Henry Ford
• Henry Ford invented the first practical car, the Model T.
• The car had been invented earlier, but Ford was the first to make the car affordable.
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Samuel Gompers
• With all the new businesses being created, someone needed to take care of the workers.
• Gompers created the American Federation of Labor, or organization of other labor unions that had bonded together to protect the rights of workers.
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What are the similarities between Carnegie, Rockefeller, Stanford, and Ford?
• They were all leaders of big business
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Orville and Wilber Wright
• The Wright brothers were the first men to successfully fly an airplane.
• The flight lasted only twelve seconds, but it proved men could fly.
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