the industrial revolution
DESCRIPTION
The Industrial Revolution. Post Civil War Era. Major Events in the Industrial Revolution. Early 1700s – Industrial Revolution begins in Britain 1764 – James Hargreaves invents the spinning jenny 1764 – James Watt invents the steam engine 1793 – Samuel Slater opens first U.S. cotton mill - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Industrial The Industrial RevolutionRevolution
Post Civil War Era
![Page 2: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Major Events in the Industrial Revolution
Early 1700s – Industrial Revolution begins in Britain1764 – James Hargreaves invents the spinning jenny1764 – James Watt invents the steam engine1793 – Samuel Slater opens first U.S. cotton mill1793 – Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin1814 – George Stephenson invents the first practical
locomotive1830s – First great railway “boom” begins in Europe
& the U.S.
![Page 4: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Major Events in the Industrial Revolution (cont.)
1856 – Henry Bessemer introduces the Bessemer process for steel production
1869 – Transcontinental Railroad completed1870 – John D. Rockefeller starts the Standard Oil
Company ($$$$$)1876 – Alexander G. Bell invents the telephone1882 – Thomas Edison constructs first central power
station to electrify New York City1892 – Andrew Carnegie forms the Carnegie Steel
Corporation
![Page 5: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
RAILROADSRAILROADS
Words to copy are in RED
![Page 6: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Transcontinental RR
Lincoln & Republicans promised Transcontinental RR in 1860
1862 – Congress passed Pacific RR act (provided 2 companies to build a transcontinental line)
Central Pacific built East from CA Union Pacific built West from Nebraska
![Page 7: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Many workers were required to build the RR, including African Americans, American Indians, & immigrants
Central Pacific = Chinese immigrants Union Pacific = Irish immigrants
Neither group received much credit
for their work.
![Page 8: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Biggest Challenge – crossing the Sierra Nevada mountains
Engineers (growing field) figured out how to make tunnels work.
May 10, 1869 – Transcontinental Railroad connected by a golden spike
Two ends connected at Promontory, Utah
![Page 9: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Growth of Railroads
Railroads became more efficient after the Civil War
Began to make the rails the same size & network = connect railroad lines to another
Began to consolidate = combining smaller companies with larger ones
Examples: US Airways bought out America WestTime Warner bought AOL
Pixar & Disney
![Page 11: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Huge railway companies were built Important RR businessmen:
Cornelius Vanderbuilt (New York & Harlem Railroad)J.P. Morgan (consolidated RRs)James J. Hill (Great Northern Railway)Edward Harriman (Illinois Central & Union Pacific RRs)
![Page 12: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Railroads Change America
Helped end Indian control of the West Tied together the economies of the West &
East Caused the U.S. to grow into an industrial
giant (examples: lumber, steel, coal, aluminum industries)
Helped people settle and farm the plains & valleys of the West.
![Page 13: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Changed the way people thought about the country & environment– Pre-railroads = travel was hazardous, weather
was difficult, needed water transport– With railroads = in cold & heat the trains kept
moving, railroads made straight paths to cities without water transport (ex. Denver, Cheyenne)
Railroad agreed to a system of standard time – creating 4 U.S. time zones
1884 – worldwide time zones created
![Page 14: The Industrial Revolution](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56816070550346895dcf9753/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Time Zones