the importance of water distribution networks
DESCRIPTION
An-Najah National University Civil Engineering Department Hydraulic Analysis of the water distribution Network of Jenin City with emphasis on Jenin Camp using EPANET Prepared by: Faisal Nasrallah Oday Daoud Supervisor: Dr. Mohammad N. Almasri 2010 – 2011. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
An-Najah National UniversityCivil Engineering Department
Hydraulic Analysis of the water distribution Network of Jenin City with emphasis on Jenin Camp using EPANET
Prepared by:
Faisal Nasrallah Oday Daoud
Supervisor: Dr. Mohammad N. Almasri
2010 – 2011
1
![Page 2: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The importance of water distribution networks
• Water distribution networks (WDNs) are used to transmit and distribute water from its sources to the houses and all consumption locations.
• WDNs decreases the efforts, time and make life easier than in the past time.
• The efficiency of WDNs are very important, and to check on this, a hydraulic analysis is carried out.
2
![Page 3: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Purposes of project
• In this project, there are two main objectives:
1.To study the water resources for Jenin City.
2.To make a hydraulic analysis of Jenin WDN with emphasis on Jenin camp using EPANET under the following two different scenarios: a. Existing steady – state conditions. b. Future steady – state conditions.
3
![Page 4: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Methodology
Data Collection Collects map & missing data.
Prepare map by AtuoCAD
Solve the problems to provide suitable data.
Model Development Use EPANET & GIS programs.
Evaluation of Results
Velocity & Pressure in steady & future state.
Conclusions and Recommendations
Improve WDN for Jenin Camp.
4
![Page 5: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Description of study area
• Jenin is a Palestinian city located in the north of the West Bank.• The population of Jenin City is49,371 persons in 2007.
• The highest elevation in JeninCity is 280 m while the lowest elevation is 108 m.
• Jenin Camp is located in the south – west of Jenin City.
5
![Page 6: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Problem in WDN
• These figures indicate some problems in water distribution network maps for Jenin City.
6
![Page 7: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Input Data
Convert WDN from AutoCAD to EPANET.
7
![Page 8: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Input Data
The length for all pipes converted From AtouCAD to EPANETautomatically.
Hazen Williams Coefficient dependOn the age & type of pipe.
8
![Page 9: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Input Data
Elevation for nodes using GIS1. Convert maps to GIS
9
![Page 10: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Input Data
2. Spatial join in GIS
10
![Page 11: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Input Data
3. Results for spatial join
11
![Page 12: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Input Data
Diameter for pipesAll diameters in the WDN for allJenin City ( around 7000 pipe )was inserted manually.
Demand for nodes = (Consumption / Population)
12
![Page 13: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Existing steady – state analysis
• Demand Demand =Consumption / Population = 70 L/c – dayBut this value must be multiplied by two factors 1.Losses factor2.Supply factor
13
![Page 14: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Existing steady – state analysis
Results
• Pressure There is no negative pressure in WDN for Jenin Camp
The highest value of pressure is 216 m.
The lowest value of pressure is 36 m.
14
![Page 15: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Existing steady – state analysis
15
![Page 16: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Existing steady – state analysis
• Velocity
Values of velocity in Jenin Camp range from 0.01m/s to 4.0 m/sec.
The high values of velocity results from small pipe diameters, but the low values of velocity results from large pipe diameters.
16
![Page 17: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Existing steady – state analysis
17
![Page 18: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Future steady – state analysis
• Demand
In this case the future analysis for the existing network after 25 year from now
To estimate the future water demand for each node, theexisting water demand will be multiplied by a factor
18
![Page 19: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Future steady – state analysis
Factor = 2.58
The population after 25 years = 83,640
According to WHO the future consumption per capita ( 100 – 150 ) L / c – day
Assume future consumption = 100 L / c – day
19
![Page 20: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Future steady – state analysis
Before modification ( Pressure )When we changed the demand for the future demand we had negative pressure and high velocity
20
![Page 21: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Future steady – state analysis
Before modification ( Velocity )
21
![Page 22: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Future steady – state analysis
After modifications We changed selected pipes diameters to make pressure above 20m and the velocity within the range (0.3-2 m/s).
The range of the pressure values is between 85 mTo 210 m
The range of velocity is between 0.3 m/s to 2 m/s
22
![Page 23: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Future steady – state analysis
After modifications ( Pressure)
23
![Page 24: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Future steady – state analysis
After modifications ( Velocity )
24
![Page 25: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Conclusions
• The head loss is very high
• Different values of velocity. The range of velocity in existing network between (0.01 – 4m/s)
•High pressure due to variation in topography in Jenin Camp. Since the elevations range from 143 to 265 m
•The water losses in Jenin WDN are very high where part of that is attributed to leakage.
25
![Page 26: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Recommendations
• To reduce water pressure, the pressure reduce valve (PRV) must be added in the area that contains high pressure
• Reduce the water losses
•All pipes in Table 7.1 in our project must be changed in future design to satisfy the specifications for velocity and also the pressure
26
![Page 27: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
RecommendationsSome of pipes that the diameter must be changed
27
Pipe ID Old diameter mm
Rec. diameter mm
193 76.2 101.6
207 152.4 254
336 76.2 152.4
579 152.4 254
730 50.8 101.6
842 50.8 76.2
7062 76.2 152.4
![Page 28: The importance of water distribution networks](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062409/5681480b550346895db53b1f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28