The Importance of Including Nutrition

Information on Menus

Netheli Toussaint Ph.D. Student: Public health

Walden UniversityPUBH 8165-1

Instructor: Dr. Rebecca Heick

Spring, 2010

Key Considerations• Obesity is of epidemic proportion and is the second leading

cause of preventable death

• Obesity is not just a problem of the individual, but also a problem embedded in environmental and community factors

• Multifaceted approaches to change our food and physical activity environments are needed now

• There is an urgent need for potential policy and programmatic solutions to the obesity epidemic

Reference:Institute of Medicine (2010). Bridging the evidence gap in obesity prevention: a framework in

inform decision making. Retrieved April 24, 2010 from the Institute of Medicine website: http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/Bridging-the-Evidence-Gap-in-Obesity-Prevention/Bridging%20the%20Evidence%20Gap%202010%20%20Report%20Brief.ashx

Overview of the Problem• Approximately 68% of all adults 20 yrs and older in the United States

are overweight or obese

• Approximately 32% of children are overweight and obese

• Unhealthy eating habits leads to poor health

• We pay a high price for poor nutrition: cost on health (coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, stroke, hypertension, dyslipidema, and many more) and the economy (over $92.6 billion in 2002)

References:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). Overweight and obesity: causes and consequences.

Retrieved April 20, 2010 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/causes/index.htm

Institute of Medicine (2010). Bridging the evidence gap in obesity prevention: a framework in inform decision making. Retrieved April 24, 2010 from the Institute of Medicine website: http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/Bridging-the-Evidence-Gap-in-Obesity-Prevention/Bridging%20the%20Evidence%20Gap%202010%20%20Report%20Brief.ashx

Office of the Surgeon General (2000). The Surgeon general’s call to action to prevent and decrease overweight and obesity. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from the Office of the Surgeon General website: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/obesity/

l

Overweight and Obesity Prevalence & Consequence in Bay

County, FL• Approximately 60% of adults in Bay County are overweight and 24.8% are

obese

• Only 24.7% eat the recommended 5 servings of fruits and vegetables a day

• Estimated annual cost of obesity in Florida is $398.7 million

• Bay County ranked 32nd out of 67 counties in healthy behaviors such as adult smoking and obesity

References:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). Overweight and obesity: causes and consequences. Retrieved

April 20, 2010 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/causes/index.html

Florida Community Health Assessment Resources Tool Set (2008). County chronic disease profile. Retrieved from Florida Department of Health Office of Health Statistics & Assessment website: http://www.floridacharts.com/charts/SpecReport.aspx?RepID=7244

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation & the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute (2010). County health rankings. Retrieved from the County Health Rankings website: http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/florida/bay

CausesEnvironment + Genetics

• Urbanization

• Drop in physical activity

• Changes in food supply, portion sizes,frequency of eating & types of foodsbeing eaten

Reference:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). Overweight and obesity:

causes and consequences. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/causes/index.html

Background

People are Eating Out More

• Since the 1960s, the percent of food expenditures spent on foods eaten away from home has increased steadily, along with obesity rates.

• In 2006, away-from-home food purchases accounted for 48% of the American food dollar.

• On average Americans age 8 and above consume 4.2 commercially prepared meals per week

Reference:National Restaurant Association

(2002). Americans dining-out habits. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from the National Restaurant Association website: http://www.restaurant.org/tools/magazines/rusa/magArchive/year/article/?ArticleID=138

Fast Food is Associated With More Calorie Intake

• Fast food higher calorie intake– Adults: 205 more calories/day– Children: 155 more calories/day– At once/week, would lead to 3 pound weight

gain/year• More fast food more obesity

– Adults: 27-31% increase in overweight– Young children: twice as likely to be obese – Among adolescents, more days of fast food predicts

increases in BMIReference:Angell, S., Sliver, L., D. (2008). Calorie labeling in New York City Restaurants: an

approach to inform consumers PPT presentation. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from Google search: http://www.cspinet.org/reports/generationexcess/nycdh.ppt

Increasing Portion Sizes Increase Caloric Intake

Regular food item

Calories and % recommended daily intake

Larger food item

Calories and % recommended daily intake

Calorie difference

Item larger by

Regular cheese burger

360 18%

Triple whopper with cheese

1,23061.5%

870 242%

Chocolate shake (12ozs)

44022%

Chocolate shake (32ozs)

1,16058%

720 164%

Big Breakfast

720 36%

Deluxe breakfast

1,40070%

680 94%

Reference: Angell, S., Sliver, L., D. (2008). Calorie labeling in New York City Restaurants: an approach to inform consumers PPT presentation. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from Google search: http://www.cspinet.org/reports/generationexcess/nycdh.ppt

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

According to US Dept of Health & Human Services a healthy plan is

one that:

• Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products.

• Includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts.

• Is low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt (sodium), and added sugars.

Reference:U. S. Department of Health & Human Services

(2005). Dietary guidelines for Americans. Retrieved April 24, 2010 from the website of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services website: http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2005/document/html/brochu

Most Customers Underestimate Calorie Content

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

704 704834 777

16601500

13501240

Estimated CaloriesActual Calories

Reference:Angell, S., Sliver, L., D. (2008). Calorie labeling in New York City Restaurants: an approach to inform consumers PPT presentation. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from Google search: http://www.cspinet.org/reports/generationexcess/nycdh.ppt

Calorie Information Makes a Difference in Amount People Eat

Reference: Angell, S., Sliver, L., D. (2008). Calorie labeling in New York City Restaurants: an approach to inform

consumers PPT presentation. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from Google search: http://www.cspinet.org/reports/generationexcess/nycdh.ppt

Nutrition Labeling Influences Decision

• 3/4 of U.S. adults report using nutrition labels on packaged foods

• 1/2 of U.S. adults say nutrition information influences their purchasing

• When nutrition information for menu items is readily available, consumers choose high-calorie items about 1/3 less often

Reference:Angell, S., Sliver, L., D. (2008). Calorie labeling in New York City Restaurants: an approach to

inform consumers PPT presentation. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from Google search: http://www.cspinet.org/reports/generationexcess/nycdh.ppt

Summary• Its important to include nutrition

content on menus:• Because the obesity epidemic

needs to be address with a multifaceted approach

• A significant number of families eat out on a daily basis

• Eating out is associated with higher calorie intake and obesity

Additional Resources• Prevention institute. Nutrition labeling Regulations:

http://ww.preventioninstitute.org/CHI_labeling.html

• US Department of Agriculture. Nutrition and Your Health: Dietary Guidelines for American. http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2000/DIETGD.PDF.

• The University of California Center for Weight & Health. Potential impact of menu labeling of fast foods in California: http://www.publichealthadvocacy.org/menulabelingdocs/UC-CWH_Menu_Labeling_Report.pdf

• NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Notice of adoption of a resolution to repeal and reenact of the New York City Health Code: http://www.nyc.gov/html/doh/downloads/pdf/public/notice-adoption-hc-art81-50-0108.pdf

Any Questions

?

References

Angell, S., Sliver, L., D. (2008). Calorie labeling in New York City Restaurants: an approach to inform consumers PPT presentation. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from Google search: http://www.cspinet.org/reports/generationexcess/nycdh.ppt

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). Overweight and obesity: causes and consequences. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/causes/index.html

Florida Community Health Assessment Resources Tool Set (2008). County chronic disease profile. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from Florida Department of Health Office of Health Statistics & Assessment website: http://www.floridacharts.com/charts/SpecReport.aspx?RepID=7244

Institute of Medicine (2010). Bridging the evidence gap in obesity prevention: a framework in inform decision making. Retrieved April 24, 2010 from the Institute of Medicine website: http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/Bridging-the-Evidence-Gap-in-Obesity-Prevention/Bridging%20the%20Evidence%20Gap%202010%20%20Report%20Brief.ashx

References cont…

National Restaurant Association (2002). Americans dining-out habits. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from the National Restaurant Association website: http://www.restaurant.org/tools/magazines/rusa/magArchive/year/article/?ArticleID=138

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation & the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute (2010). County health rankings. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from the County Health Rankings website: http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/florida/bay

Office of the Surgeon General (2000). The Surgeon general’s call to action to prevent and decrease overweight and obesity. Retrieved April 20, 2010 from the Office of the Surgeon General website: http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/obesity/

U. S. Department of Health & Human Services (2005). Dietary guidelines for Americans. Retrieved April 24, 2010 from the website of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services website: http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2005/document/html/brochure.htm#b2