the holography times, vol 2, issue 4

The Holography TimesThe Holography TimesThe Holography TimesSeptember 2008 Vol II Issue IV www.homai.org

The Holography Times is a quarterly newsletter published by HoMAI

TM

ALSO

Anti-counterfeiting solutions for FIFA 2010 • 3M targets Indian pharma industry • Using holograms

to celebrate success • Face to face with Mr. Manoj Kochar - MD, Holoflex • Holographic optical

elements • Review on HOLOPACK-HOLOPRINT 2008 • Industry updates and more...

Hologram: The first line of defence in the war on

PHARMA COUNTERFEITING

SPECIAL REPORTSource: www.ihma.org

Endeavour to safe guard products & people

The Holography Times News BytesThe Holography Times

02 www.homai.org www.homai.org 03

Anti-Counterfeiting solution

for 2010 World CupAfter its success with the 2006 FIFA

World Cup licensing programme, De

La Rue Holographics has been reselected to

provide a secure anti-counterfeit solution to

protect FIFA's official licensed merchandise,

including products for the 2010 World Cup in

SouthAfrica.

The tags will appear on clothing and

merchandise to make it easy for football

fans to identify original official products.

The solution, which will be deployed

globally, incorporates an easy to

authenticate holographic label and

holographic swing tag with SLSNet, an

online ordering and tracking system. The

new FIFA holograms integrate advanced

design techniques with De La Rue’ latest

hologram technology.

The association is currently setting up a

network of globally branded stores in

preparation for the tournament. The quality

seals produced by De La Rue make it easy for

any supporter to identify the original official

items, while guaranteeing the integrity of the

licensing programme worldwide.

De La Rue marketing communications

manager Clare Walsh said: "The tags are a

three-pronged prevention measure for

counterfeiting. The public can identify them

in stores; FIFA officials can check them in

stores; and forensic workers can check

authenticity in the lab.”

De La Rue is the world largest commercial

security printer and papermaker. De La Rue

holograms are used in 40 different currencies

& more than 95 different banknote

denominations. De La Rue is also accredited

to produce the VISA dove holograms and is

involved in the production of over 150

national currencies and a wide range of

securitydocuments.

Source: www.delarue.com

In this issue

INTERVIEW MANOJ KOCHAR

The managing

director of Holoflex

speaks about his

experience in

Hologram Industry77

MARKETER’S SPEAKS

Ian Lancaster, General

Secretary of IHMA,

specialist analysts &

consultant in

holography describes

how holograms is

helping on pharma anti-

counterfeiting

9

Holographic optical element; New

master replicating technology...

11

Editorial

Belarus to develop cooperation

in hologram production

The solution,

which will be

deployed globally,

incorporates an

easy to

authenticate

holographic

label and

holographic swing

tag with SLSNet,

an online ordering

and tracking

system

In Belarus this

technology is

used for

popularization of

art objects and in

decoration. The

main area of

application, however, is

protecting securities

from forgery, Mikhail

Myasnikovich

underlined

Belarus is going to develop cooperation

with the international organizations in

hologram production, Chairman of the

Presidium of the National Academy of

Sciences (NAS) of Belarus, Mikhail

Myasnikovich stated at a meeting with Gen

Secretary of the International Hologram

Manufacturers Association (IHMA), Ian

Lancaster on September 5, 2008.

Mikhail Myasnikovich noted that “Worldwide

holography is used for protection and is also

applied in other areas of the national economy.

In Belarus this technology is used for

popularization of art objects and in decoration.

The main area of application, however, is

protectingsecurities fromforgery.

IHMA Head Ian Lancaster noted that “We

are greatly interested in cooperation with

Belarusian scientists and hologram

manufacturers”.

This association intends to discuss the

cooperation areas in this sector with

scientific and commercial organizations of

Belarus. The two sides also considered an

opportunity of holding a similar international

conference e.g. Holopack-Holoprint in

Minsk, discussing a long-term hologram

development strategy.

Source: www.belisa.org

Tribute 14

Patent News 14

Events & Conferences 15

Holopack Holoprint Review 15

News Bytes 3-5

Corporate News 6

Mikhail Myasnikovich

Dear Readers,

e are delighted to share with you our quarterly newsletter The

Holography Times. With its many applications, holography is one of

the most interesting developments in modern optics. This newsletter is

being designed to not only share with you learning’s from the world of

holography, but also to keep you informed of growth and achievements in

the domestic and international arena.

Worldwide counterfeiting has emerged as the fastest growing

business, estimated to $ 600 billion every year. In this situation,

when at least 5-7 Percent of world trade is counterfeited, it impacts

governments and society at large. But this figure would be even

higher, if Holography would not have come to rescue, whether it

would be about safe guarding sports events like the FIFA world cup or

about saving peoples lives by protecting pharma drugs. In this issue of

Holography times, we bring to you several facets of developmental

activity and latest happenings through our section on News Bytes.

You will also be happy to know that every issue of The Holography Times will

now cover a special report section, addressing a particular sector. It will

further discuss the application of holograms as the most effective way for

protecting products and enhancing authenticity in that sector. This issue has

a very important offering for our readers in the form of a special report titled

. A must-read for all members! This issue also includes

interviews of industry leaders, marketer's views, technology read on

embossing technique, industrynews& updatesamongmanyothers.

The objective of this newsletter is to create a forum for exchange of

information on all aspects of holography. We are sure, that going ahead,

with your suggestions, we can achieve this common goal. We appreciate

your feedback and value your suggestions.

Will be back with more insightful and informative articles!

Happy reading!

W

"Holograms-The first line of defence in the war on pharma

counterfeiting"

Team Homai

Alert of the Issue 8



“Holographic Proof of Address”

for Chennai residents

The Postal Department will soon

issue ‘Proof of Address’ cards to

residents of Chennai, according to

Chennai City Region Postmaster

General M.S. Ramanujam. After

launching new services at the

Mylapore Post Office, he said the

project was being implemented on a

trial basis in Chennai, to be followed by

other centres.

These cards would not replace

a n y o f t h e e x i s t i n g

identification cards. The

objective is that they are trying

to help people coming into the

city on transfers and those

seeking jobs. Most of them find

it difficult to produce a proof of

address and thus this card will

enable them to open a bank

account, buy mobile phones,

a p p l y f o r a t e l e p h o n e

connection and ration card

among other things. The

tamper-proof, laminated card is

valid for three years and will

carry India Post’s hologram.

The postal department will

charge Rs. 210 (US $ 5) per

card. The card will be issued

only to those who opt for it.

Mr. Ramanujam said these

cards would be issued only by

the Postmaster of Head Post

Office. It would be issued

within 10 days from the date of

application. The services of

postman and beat inspector

would be roped in to check the

credentials of the applicant. “It

can’t be misused. If the

applicant changes the location,

we will cancel the card. We are

also ready to provide the

database to investigating

agencies, if need be,” he added.

Source: www.hindu.com

News Bytes

3M targets Indian pharma with

range of counterfeit solutions3M Security Systems Division, a leading provider of

innovative solutions, is aggressively targeting the

pharmaceutical sector to solve a wide range of security

problems. Out of the $50 billion pharma counterfeit market,

35 per cent of the detected cases originate from India.

According to the European Commission report, “India tops

in counterfeit medicines followed by the United Arab

Emirates and China”. Together, the three countries account

for more than 80 per cent of all counterfeit medicines.

The company's security systems division has been a market

leader for over 35 years combining multiple 3M technologies

in material science and adhesive state-of-the-art equipment to

provide customers with unique anti -counterfeiting solutions

i.e. anti-counterfeit labeling solutions, security laminates,

border control management systems and document

authentication systems.

The company's offering for the pharma sector covers retro

reflective technologies, clear 2 cyan, confirm floating image

technologies and tamper label available in the form of

labels, rolls for online and offline application. These

patented products involve complex technology which is

impossible to copy and tamper. The retroreflective

authentication products use holography and patented,

proprietary retroreflective technology to deliver a secure,

visually attractive solution. It combines authenticated overt

and covert security features. The overt security is a unique,

black hologram. The covert security utilizes retroreflective

technology to reflect a secure covert image when

illuminated with a focused light source.

These products can be applied on any kind of packaging

substrate such as blister, aluminum, shrink sleeve, paper

carton etc and come in the various forms and sizes.

Pricing for the security products would depend on the levels

of customization on the labels and the size of the labels.

Indian pharma companies have made losses of around 4 to 5

per cent annually due to drug product counterfeiting.

Beginning to realize the loss incurred with counterfeits,

companies are allocating separate budgets for product

security spends, said Ravi C Chandwani, General Manager,

Security Systems Division, 3M.

Source: www.pharmabiz.com

Using hologram for celebrating successHolography is helping companies in celebrating their

anniversary or success on a grand scale. This year two

major companies celebrated in style, one being a cigarette

manufacturers & the other a fashion magazine.

Imperial Tobacco developed a special edition holographic

pack of Lambert & Butler to mark the cigarette marquee's 10

years as the UK's biggest FMCG brand.

A range of holographic cartons were designed with

rotogravure printing technology and in-line embossing,

cutting and creasing had been used with a registered

holographic laminate.

Last year too, Hong Kong post celebrated the Hong Kong

special administrative region's 10th anniversary by issuing a

set of six special stamps and a hologram stamp sheetlet.

This year a revolutionary Esquire magazine cover had an

inset that electrically sorts tiny black or white capsules to

read, “The 21st century begins now” as the magazine's 75th

anniversary cover. A list of the 21st century's 75 most

influential people highlights the issue.

“Out of the $50 billion pharma counterfeit

market, 35 per cent of the detected cases of

counterfeits originate from India”

special edition holographic pack of

Lambert & Butler



“Holographic Proof of Address”

for Chennai residents

The Postal Department will soon

issue ‘Proof of Address’ cards to

residents of Chennai, according to

Chennai City Region Postmaster

General M.S. Ramanujam. After

launching new services at the

Mylapore Post Office, he said the

project was being implemented on a

trial basis in Chennai, to be followed by

other centres.

These cards would not replace

a n y o f t h e e x i s t i n g

identification cards. The

objective is that they are trying

to help people coming into the

city on transfers and those

seeking jobs. Most of them find

it difficult to produce a proof of

address and thus this card will

enable them to open a bank

account, buy mobile phones,

a p p l y f o r a t e l e p h o n e

connection and ration card

among other things. The

tamper-proof, laminated card is

valid for three years and will

carry India Post’s hologram.

The postal department will

charge Rs. 210 (US $ 5) per

card. The card will be issued

only to those who opt for it.

Mr. Ramanujam said these

cards would be issued only by

the Postmaster of Head Post

Office. It would be issued

within 10 days from the date of

application. The services of

postman and beat inspector

would be roped in to check the

credentials of the applicant. “It

can’t be misused. If the

applicant changes the location,

we will cancel the card. We are

also ready to provide the

database to investigating

agencies, if need be,” he added.

Source: www.hindu.com

News Bytes

3M targets Indian pharma with

range of counterfeit solutions3M Security Systems Division, a leading provider of

innovative solutions, is aggressively targeting the

pharmaceutical sector to solve a wide range of security

problems. Out of the $50 billion pharma counterfeit market,

35 per cent of the detected cases originate from India.

According to the European Commission report, “India tops

in counterfeit medicines followed by the United Arab

Emirates and China”. Together, the three countries account

for more than 80 per cent of all counterfeit medicines.

The company's security systems division has been a market

leader for over 35 years combining multiple 3M technologies

in material science and adhesive state-of-the-art equipment to

provide customers with unique anti -counterfeiting solutions

i.e. anti-counterfeit labeling solutions, security laminates,

border control management systems and document

authenticationsystems.

The company's offering for the pharma sector covers retro

reflective technologies, clear 2 cyan, confirm floating image

technologies and tamper label available in the form of

labels, rolls for online and offline application. These

patented products involve complex technology which is

impossible to copy and tamper. The retroreflective

authentication products use holography and patented,

proprietary retroreflective technology to deliver a secure,

visually attractive solution. It combines authenticated overt

and covert security features. The overt security is a unique,

black hologram. The covert security utilizes retroreflective

technology to reflect a secure covert image when

illuminated with a focused light source.

These products can be applied on any kind of packaging

substrate such as blister, aluminum, shrink sleeve, paper

carton etc and come in the various forms and sizes.

Pricing for the security products would depend on the levels

of customization on the labels and the size of the labels.

Indian pharma companies have made losses of around 4 to 5

per cent annually due to drug product counterfeiting.

Beginning to realize the loss incurred with counterfeits,

companies are allocating separate budgets for product

security spends, said Ravi C Chandwani, General Manager,

Security Systems Division, 3M.

Source: www.pharmabiz.com

Using hologram for celebrating successHolography is helping companies in celebrating their

anniversary or success on a grand scale. This year two

major companies celebrated in style, one being a cigarette

manufacturers & the other a fashion magazine.

Imperial Tobacco developed a special edition holographic

pack of Lambert & Butler to mark the cigarette marquee's 10

years as the UK's biggest FMCG brand.

A range of holographic cartons were designed with

rotogravure printing technology and in-line embossing,

cutting and creasing had been used with a registered

holographic laminate.

Last year too, Hong Kong post celebrated the Hong Kong

special administrative region's 10th anniversary by issuing a

set of six special stamps and a hologram stamp sheetlet.

This year a revolutionary Esquire magazine cover had an

inset that electrically sorts tiny black or white capsules to

read, “The 21st century begins now” as the magazine's 75th

anniversary cover. A list of the 21st century's 75 most

influential people highlights the issue.

“Out of the $50 billion pharma counterfeit

market, 35 per cent of the detected cases of

counterfeits originate from India”

special edition holographic pack of

Lambert & Butler

The Holography Times Know Your MemberThe Holography Times


Corporate News

Gopsons Papers Ltd. inks

joint venture with Data

Trace DNA Proprietary Ltd.

Holoflex’s commitmentto excellenceenhanced by

environmentalprotection measures!Gopsons Papers Ltd. one of the most technological

advanced security printers in India have recently inked

a joint venture with Data Trace DNA Proprietary Ltd. for

promoting & marketing the Data Trace Tracer technology.

The Data Trace is owned and funded by the Australian

Government's owned&researchdevelopmentorganization.

Datatrace DNA uses an exceedingly durable forensic

marker system to provide a tracking and authentication for

the protection of brands, industrial products, and bulk

materials. The tracers are written in special algorithm

which can only be deciphered by a special authenticator.

The tracers have unique characteristics similar to the

human DNA, which is used for the forensic analysis.

The tracer can be used with almost all substrates like, paper,

fiber, glass, metal, adhesives, polymers, and chemicals etc.

With its extreme capabilities, the tracer is probably the only

tracer to withstand temperature as high as 1000 Celsius

apart from resistance to all most all chemical. With its

unique properties it is extensively used for asset

identification & in Industries like printing, paints, paper,

tax stamps, chemical, explosives, fiber, bulk material like

cement, powders etc.

With this venture, Gopsons has become the official forensic

laboratory for the Data Trace DNA to provide forensic

analysis. Gopsons aims to promote the tracer in the Defense

Industry, Brand Protection & IP Protection and the entire

supply chain of the bulk materials.

Holoflex ltd, a pioneer company in security

hologram and brand protection, reports that

its manufacturing facility at Salt Lake has been

awarded an ISO 14001:2004 certificate. The

company is a founder member of Hologram

Manufacturers Association of India and a full

m e m b e r o f I n t e r n a t i o n a l H o l o g r a m

ManufacturersAssociation.

ISO 14001 is a voluntary environmental

management system which requires constant

commitment to environment planning and

improvement.

It provides potential and existing customers with

the assurance that Holoflex is dedicated to

improving the quality of the environment. ISO

14001 shows that Holoflex has an effective

environmental management system in place to

protect both man and the environment from the

potential impact of its manufacturing activities

while helping to maintain and to improve the

overall quality.

Manoj Kochar, Holoflex Managing Director, said

"We decided to introduce and implement ISO

14001:2004 to ensure greater consistency and to

foster among Holoflex team members an attitude to

continual search for improvement in our

environmental protection performance”. This helps

us to develop, manufacture and market products that

aresagefor their intendeduse,efficient in theiruseof

energyandprotectiveoftheenvironment.

Holoflex has achieved full compliance with ISO

14001:2004 environemntal management system

standard on 29April 2008. For more information,

contact at [email protected]

Track-Pack becomes

Kantas Track Pack

Track-Pack India Ltd has now becomes Kantas

Track Pack India Ltd. Kantas Track-Pack is among

one of premier Hologram Companies in India and are a

part of the KANTAS group. Track-Pack a founder

member of HoMAI & has been manufacturing

holograms since 1998. For more information, contact

at: [email protected]

Corrigendum:We apologies and state that in our last issue the details ofShriram Veritech Solutions Pvt Ltd were incorrect. The correctcontact details are [email protected]

HT: Can you please brief us a bit more about you & your

company, HOLOFLEX ?

HT: What made you interested to be part of Holography

Industry?

HT: As you always say “Holoflex is the fastest growing

hologram company in India”? What has been the key to

this success?

HT: As we all knows, margins are going down in every

industry these days? What do you think the scope of Indian

hologram industry, at such situation?

HT: Globally, lot of research and developments is going in

Holography industry. Where do you feel HOLOFLEX to

be part of this development?

HT: Are you also looking out diversifying into some other

industries? Down line after 5 years where will you see

HOLOFLEX?

Holoflex is a 17 year old company, one of the oldest in this

business in India. We have a state-of-the-art

manufacturing facility at Kolkata. We are an ISO

9001:2000 and ISO 14001:2004 certified unit. Holoflex

has always strived to innovate and provide our customers

with customized security solutions. We have had the

honour of our work being appreciated and awarded at

various fora, including the International Hologram

Manufacturers Association Award for the Best Hologram

Label that we won for two consecutive years - for 2003 at

Vancouver Canada, and again for 2004, at Prague Czech

republic. HoMAI, our Indian Association and Label

Manufacturers Association have also conferred upon us a

host of awards over the last several years.

Around 1991, we were planning to enter the printing and

packaging business, and were introduced to the security

hologram technology that was being looked upon as a very

exciting new technology in the USAand Europe. We felt that

this technology was perhaps more apt in our markets, and

decided to enter this business.

Well, this is an Award that has been conferred upon us by

HoMAI for the last two years in a row, and we are very

elated and humbled at the same time. We would love to

do a hat-trick!!

There are several reasons for this success - first and foremost

our committed team that always rises to the occasion to

innovate and deliver a product that meets the customer

requirements, and then - some good fortune, unstinted

customer support and some bit of hard work as well!!

Margins go down in any growing industry and our industry

cannot be an exception. The going down of margins may

not always be a bad thing, because the volumes are

growing too. I think the Indian hologram industry is at

crossroads. The industry needs to decide whether it wants

to sell on price alone or does it want to innovate and deliver

superior products that enhance the value proposition to the

customer. Having said that, we also realize that there will

always be some customers who will buy on price alone,

but then there are so many others who are willing to pay a

reasonable price for a security product that offers

increased value to them. All the players in the industry

need to decide on their positioning - whether they are

selling on price or security value. To my mind one thing is

very clear - at least for the foreseeable future the hologram

will remain a key overt feature in most security solutions.

This is an edge that the hologram industry must maintain.

India is still growing and will keep doing so for the next

several years, and our industry will also get plenty of

opportunities to grow.

Any industry that does not invest in R&D will lose its

relevance, and our hologram industry is no different. We are

also working in this direction and investing in new equipment

and technologies that will hopefully enable us to at least meet,

if not exceed our customers' futureexpectations.

We are diversifying into printing industry, and more than

diversification it is actually an extension of what we are

doing, as we foresee a distinct trend toward merging of

holography with other print and security print

technologies. We are preparing ourselves for this and will

continually invest in allied technologies. Five years down

the line I hope to see Holoflex as a company known the

world over for our customer-centric approach, for our

innovative abilities, and last but not the least, a responsible

corporate citizen.

Face to Face with Mr. Manoj KocharA Commerce Graduate from St. Xavier College, Mr. Manoj Kochar is behind

the fastest growing hologram company in India. In a interview with our

correspondent, he brief us about his company’s key success and share his

experience in Hologram Industry.

Mr. Manoj Kochar, MD, Holoflex

The Holography Times Know Your MemberThe Holography Times


Corporate News

Gopsons Papers Ltd. inks

joint venture with Data

Trace DNA Proprietary Ltd.

Holoflex’s commitmentto excellenceenhanced by

environmentalprotection measures!Gopsons Papers Ltd. one of the most technological

advanced security printers in India have recently inked

a joint venture with Data Trace DNA Proprietary Ltd. for

promoting & marketing the Data Trace Tracer technology.

The Data Trace is owned and funded by the Australian

Government's owned &researchdevelopmentorganization.

Datatrace DNA uses an exceedingly durable forensic

marker system to provide a tracking and authentication for

the protection of brands, industrial products, and bulk

materials. The tracers are written in special algorithm

which can only be deciphered by a special authenticator.

The tracers have unique characteristics similar to the

human DNA, which is used for the forensic analysis.

The tracer can be used with almost all substrates like, paper,

fiber, glass, metal, adhesives, polymers, and chemicals etc.

With its extreme capabilities, the tracer is probably the only

tracer to withstand temperature as high as 1000 Celsius

apart from resistance to all most all chemical. With its

unique properties it is extensively used for asset

identification & in Industries like printing, paints, paper,

tax stamps, chemical, explosives, fiber, bulk material like

cement, powders etc.

With this venture, Gopsons has become the official forensic

laboratory for the Data Trace DNA to provide forensic

analysis. Gopsons aims to promote the tracer in the Defense

Industry, Brand Protection & IP Protection and the entire

supply chain of the bulk materials.

Holoflex ltd, a pioneer company in security

hologram and brand protection, reports that

its manufacturing facility at Salt Lake has been

awarded an ISO 14001:2004 certificate. The

company is a founder member of Hologram

Manufacturers Association of India and a full

m e m b e r o f I n t e r n a t i o n a l H o l o g r a m

ManufacturersAssociation.

ISO 14001 is a voluntary environmental

management system which requires constant

commitment to environment planning and

improvement.

It provides potential and existing customers with

the assurance that Holoflex is dedicated to

improving the quality of the environment. ISO

14001 shows that Holoflex has an effective

environmental management system in place to

protect both man and the environment from the

potential impact of its manufacturing activities

while helping to maintain and to improve the

overall quality.

Manoj Kochar, Holoflex Managing Director, said

"We decided to introduce and implement ISO

14001:2004 to ensure greater consistency and to

foster among Holoflex team members an attitude to

continual search for improvement in our

environmental protection performance”. This helps

us to develop, manufacture and market products that

aresagefor their intendeduse,efficient in theiruseof

energyandprotectiveoftheenvironment.

Holoflex has achieved full compliance with ISO

14001:2004 environemntal management system

standard on 29April 2008. For more information,

contact at [email protected]

Track-Pack becomes

Kantas Track Pack

Track-Pack India Ltd has now becomes Kantas

Track Pack India Ltd. Kantas Track-Pack is among

one of premier Hologram Companies in India and are a

part of the KANTAS group. Track-Pack a founder

member of HoMAI & has been manufacturing

holograms since 1998. For more information, contact

at: [email protected]

Corrigendum:We apologies and state that in our last issue the details ofShriram Veritech Solutions Pvt Ltd were incorrect. The correctcontact details are [email protected]

HT: Can you please brief us a bit more about you & your

company, HOLOFLEX ?

HT: What made you interested to be part of Holography

Industry?

HT: As you always say “Holoflex is the fastest growing

hologram company in India”? What has been the key to

this success?

HT: As we all knows, margins are going down in every

industry these days? What do you think the scope of Indian

hologram industry, at such situation?

HT: Globally, lot of research and developments is going in

Holography industry. Where do you feel HOLOFLEX to

be part of this development?

HT: Are you also looking out diversifying into some other

industries? Down line after 5 years where will you see

HOLOFLEX?

Holoflex is a 17 year old company, one of the oldest in this

business in India. We have a state-of-the-art

manufacturing facility at Kolkata. We are an ISO

9001:2000 and ISO 14001:2004 certified unit. Holoflex

has always strived to innovate and provide our customers

with customized security solutions. We have had the

honour of our work being appreciated and awarded at

various fora, including the International Hologram

Manufacturers Association Award for the Best Hologram

Label that we won for two consecutive years - for 2003 at

Vancouver Canada, and again for 2004, at Prague Czech

republic. HoMAI, our Indian Association and Label

Manufacturers Association have also conferred upon us a

host of awards over the last several years.

Around 1991, we were planning to enter the printing and

packaging business, and were introduced to the security

hologram technology that was being looked upon as a very

exciting new technology in the USAand Europe. We felt that

this technology was perhaps more apt in our markets, and

decided to enter this business.

Well, this is an Award that has been conferred upon us by

HoMAI for the last two years in a row, and we are very

elated and humbled at the same time. We would love to

do a hat-trick!!

There are several reasons for this success - first and foremost

our committed team that always rises to the occasion to

innovate and deliver a product that meets the customer

requirements, and then - some good fortune, unstinted

customer support and some bit of hard work as well!!

Margins go down in any growing industry and our industry

cannot be an exception. The going down of margins may

not always be a bad thing, because the volumes are

growing too. I think the Indian hologram industry is at

crossroads. The industry needs to decide whether it wants

to sell on price alone or does it want to innovate and deliver

superior products that enhance the value proposition to the

customer. Having said that, we also realize that there will

always be some customers who will buy on price alone,

but then there are so many others who are willing to pay a

reasonable price for a security product that offers

increased value to them. All the players in the industry

need to decide on their positioning - whether they are

selling on price or security value. To my mind one thing is

very clear - at least for the foreseeable future the hologram

will remain a key overt feature in most security solutions.

This is an edge that the hologram industry must maintain.

India is still growing and will keep doing so for the next

several years, and our industry will also get plenty of

opportunities to grow.

Any industry that does not invest in R&D will lose its

relevance, and our hologram industry is no different. We are

also working in this direction and investing in new equipment

and technologies that will hopefully enable us to at least meet,

if not exceed our customers' futureexpectations.

We are diversifying into printing industry, and more than

diversification it is actually an extension of what we are

doing, as we foresee a distinct trend toward merging of

holography with other print and security print

technologies. We are preparing ourselves for this and will

continually invest in allied technologies. Five years down

the line I hope to see Holoflex as a company known the

world over for our customer-centric approach, for our

innovative abilities, and last but not the least, a responsible

corporate citizen.

Face to Face with Mr. Manoj KocharA Commerce Graduate from St. Xavier College, Mr. Manoj Kochar is behind

the fastest growing hologram company in India. In a interview with our

correspondent, he brief us about his company’s key success and share his

experience in Hologram Industry.

Mr. Manoj Kochar, MD, Holoflex

Alert of the Issue The Holography Times


The Holography Times Alert of the Issue

The counterfeit threat

Holograms as a solution

Hologram initiatives

Sophisticated replication techniqueshave made counterfeiting and fraud aserious threat to the pharmaceuticali n d u s t r y. T h e Wo r l d H e a l t hOrganization(WHO) estimates thatannual earnings from the global sales ofcounterfeit and substandard medicinesare over $32 billion.

Both drugs and packaging arecounterfeited, putting people’s lives atrisk. The diversion of legitimatep r o d u c t o u t s i d e a u t h o r i s e ddistribution channels is anotherproblem. In response to this, many ofthe world’s leading pharmaceuticalcompanies have directed their effortst o w a r d s a u t h e n t i c a t i n g t h e i rpackaging as part of the process ofprotecting their products. As a result,diffractive optically variable devices– referred to generically as holograms– have become one of the mostwidely-used overt authenticationfeatures on pharmaceutical productsaround the world.

Since Glaxo first used a tamper-evidenthologram to seal packs of Zantac in1989, holograms have been taken up ina big way by the whole industry. Manymajor drug companies use hologramson at least some of their medicines inselected markets and they are used inthe form of labels, seals, hot stampedpatches and blister-foils.

The ability of the hologram to provideeffective protection lies in thecontinuous innovation, invention andevolution in holographic techniquesthat have succeeded in creatingincreasingly complex devices that areeasily recognised yet difficult to copyaccurately. The evolving role of thehologram has also been accompaniedby the increased use of the securitydevice in combination with otherauthentication technologies. In suchsolutions holograms often provideovert first line authentication, whilecovert features such as scrambledimages, micro text, UV-sensitive orother specialist inks provide secondline authentication for trainedexaminers equipped with theappropriate decoding equipment.

Another trend has seen the serialisationof holograms as part of systems thatc o m b i n e a u t h e n t i c a t i o n w i t htraceability. So called ‘track-and-trace’systems link on-pack security deviceswith database management and fieldtracking services. In this way, thea b i l i t y t o k n o w w h e r e apharmaceuticals consignment hasbeen, where it is now and where it isheading has become a fundamental partof many drugs companies’ productionand logistical operations. This isparticularly important where the abilityto identify the source and provenanceof products is becoming a mandatoryrequirement, as it is in the US with theFDA’s requirements for pedigree.

While the US Congress is currentlyconsidering making the use of securitymarking on some pharmaceuticalproducts mandatory, using ‘overtoptically variable counterfeit resistanttechnologies’ to protect consumersfrom fakes, the hologram is alreadyspecified as the authentication featureon the world’s only statutorypharmaceutical marking scheme – theMeditag programme in Malaysia.

This initiative requires all registeredmedicines, OTC pharmaceuticalsand traditional medicines to carry auniquely numbered label which isbuilt around a hologram. The systemis supervised by a central authoritycontrolling the issue of tags andtraining inspectors to examineholograms through the distributionchain.

Since its introduction this system hasled to a significant increase in theidentification and confiscation ofillegal items from the market as well as

Hologram: The first line of defence in thewar on pharma counterfeiting

Fighting the war on counterfeiting is a seemingly endless one for the pharmaceutical industry. TheWorld Health Organisation estimates that annual earnings from the global sales of counterfeit andsubstandard medicines are over $32 billion. And the cost of counterfeiting doesn't finish there. Thenegative impact on a company's image can be immeasurable as high quality reproductions have madeit virtually impossible for even the most trained eye to distinguish the genuine from the fake.

However, the hologram has emerged over the last 25 years to become one of the most effective anti-counterfeiting and security measures available. Here, Ian Lancaster, general secretary of theInternational Hologram Manufacturers' Association (IHMA), examines the role of this versatile technology.

Pharma CounterfeitingCounterfeit drugs are drugs that are sold as legitimate brand name medicines but

have been created without the authority of the brand owner. They have no active

ingredient or is an expired drug that been re-labelled and sold. Their active ingredients

are usually fraudulently diluted, adulterated or substituted.

Sales of counterfeit drugs are estimated at $ 50 billion a year World Health

Organisation (WHO).

10-30% of allmedicines indevelopingcountries are feared tobecounterfeits (WHO).

In India it is 4 percent according to WHO and 5 percent according to health

ministry of India.

India: Biggest culprit of fake drug manufacture.

According to a report released by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and

Development (OECD), 75 percent of fake drugs supplied world over have some

origins in India, followed by 7 per cent from Egypt and 6 per cent from China.

50 percent of pharmaceutical drugs sold over the Internet without a prescription are

believed to be counterfeit (Reuter).

Most counterfeit drug includes Viagra, Lipitor, Tamiflu,Ambien and Diflucan.

Viagra remains the world most counterfeit drug. Pfizer losses sales of $ 2 billion a

year in Viagra alone.

Estimated death from counterfeit drugs vary from ten thousand to more than

200,000 every year.

Lethal market for counterfeits is growing at the rate of 25 percent annually

(ASSOCHAM).

Main factors for the growth of the industry : Weak drug regulation, weaknesses in

enforcement of existing regulations and lenient punishment for counterfeiters.

Methods for success of Anti counterfeiting market: Full cooperation between drug

regulatory authorities, law enforcement agencies, manufacturers, association of

pharmacists and consumers.

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Source:bloomberg.com

FIRST INHOLOGRAPHYGlaxo was the first company to

use a tamper evident hologram

to seal packs of ZANTAC (the

trade name for the anti-ulcer

medication ranitidine) in 1989.

Zantac was the world's single

largest-selling prescription

drug with sales exceeding $ 2.5

billion in 1989. In 1994,

Zantac generated $3.6 billion

in sales, $2.1 billion of that in

the USA.

Aga in in 2003 , GlaxoS m i t h k l i n e C o n s u m e rHealthcare Ltd (GSKCH) anI n d i a n a s s o c i a t e o fGlaxoSmithKline (GSK) wasthe first company to use a 3-Dhologram on its popularmedicine CROCIN. It is thefirst and only analgesic /antipyretic brand in India witha sophisticated 3-D hologram.Source: www.tribuneindia.com

FIRSTIN

INDIA

FIRSTIN

INDIA

Alert of the Issue The Holography Times


The Holography Times Alert of the Issue

The counterfeit threat

Holograms as a solution

Hologram initiatives

Sophisticated replication techniqueshave made counterfeiting and fraud aserious threat to the pharmaceuticali n d u s t r y. T h e Wo r l d H e a l t hOrganization(WHO) estimates thatannual earnings from the global sales ofcounterfeit and substandard medicinesare over $32 billion.

Both drugs and packaging arecounterfeited, putting people’s lives atrisk. The diversion of legitimatep r o d u c t o u t s i d e a u t h o r i s e ddistribution channels is anotherproblem. In response to this, many ofthe world’s leading pharmaceuticalcompanies have directed their effortst o w a r d s a u t h e n t i c a t i n g t h e i rpackaging as part of the process ofprotecting their products. As a result,diffractive optically variable devices– referred to generically as holograms– have become one of the mostwidely-used overt authenticationfeatures on pharmaceutical productsaround the world.

Since Glaxo first used a tamper-evidenthologram to seal packs of Zantac in1989, holograms have been taken up ina big way by the whole industry. Manymajor drug companies use hologramson at least some of their medicines inselected markets and they are used inthe form of labels, seals, hot stampedpatches and blister-foils.

The ability of the hologram to provideeffective protection lies in thecontinuous innovation, invention andevolution in holographic techniquesthat have succeeded in creatingincreasingly complex devices that areeasily recognised yet difficult to copyaccurately. The evolving role of thehologram has also been accompaniedby the increased use of the securitydevice in combination with otherauthentication technologies. In suchsolutions holograms often provideovert first line authentication, whilecovert features such as scrambledimages, micro text, UV-sensitive orother specialist inks provide secondline authentication for trainedexaminers equipped with theappropriate decoding equipment.

Another trend has seen the serialisationof holograms as part of systems thatc o m b i n e a u t h e n t i c a t i o n w i t htraceability. So called ‘track-and-trace’systems link on-pack security deviceswith database management and fieldtracking services. In this way, thea b i l i t y t o k n o w w h e r e apharmaceuticals consignment hasbeen, where it is now and where it isheading has become a fundamental partof many drugs companies’ productionand logistical operations. This isparticularly important where the abilityto identify the source and provenanceof products is becoming a mandatoryrequirement, as it is in the US with theFDA’s requirements for pedigree.

While the US Congress is currentlyconsidering making the use of securitymarking on some pharmaceuticalproducts mandatory, using ‘overtoptically variable counterfeit resistanttechnologies’ to protect consumersfrom fakes, the hologram is alreadyspecified as the authentication featureon the world’s only statutorypharmaceutical marking scheme – theMeditag programme in Malaysia.

This initiative requires all registeredmedicines, OTC pharmaceuticalsand traditional medicines to carry auniquely numbered label which isbuilt around a hologram. The systemis supervised by a central authoritycontrolling the issue of tags andtraining inspectors to examineholograms through the distributionchain.

Since its introduction this system hasled to a significant increase in theidentification and confiscation ofillegal items from the market as well as

Hologram: The first line of defence in thewar on pharma counterfeiting

Fighting the war on counterfeiting is a seemingly endless one for the pharmaceutical industry. TheWorld Health Organisation estimates that annual earnings from the global sales of counterfeit andsubstandard medicines are over $32 billion. And the cost of counterfeiting doesn't finish there. Thenegative impact on a company's image can be immeasurable as high quality reproductions have madeit virtually impossible for even the most trained eye to distinguish the genuine from the fake.

However, the hologram has emerged over the last 25 years to become one of the most effective anti-counterfeiting and security measures available. Here, Ian Lancaster, general secretary of theInternational Hologram Manufacturers' Association (IHMA), examines the role of this versatile technology.

Pharma CounterfeitingCounterfeit drugs are drugs that are sold as legitimate brand name medicines but

have been created without the authority of the brand owner. They have no active

ingredient or is an expired drug that been re-labelled and sold. Their active ingredients

are usually fraudulently diluted, adulterated or substituted.

Sales of counterfeit drugs are estimated at $ 50 billion a year World Health

Organisation (WHO).

10-30%ofallmedicines in developingcountries are feared tobecounterfeits (WHO).

In India it is 4 percent according to WHO and 5 percent according to health

ministry of India.

India: Biggest culprit of fake drug manufacture.

According to a report released by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and

Development (OECD), 75 percent of fake drugs supplied world over have some

origins in India, followed by 7 per cent from Egypt and 6 per cent from China.

50 percent of pharmaceutical drugs sold over the Internet without a prescription are

believed to be counterfeit (Reuter).

Most counterfeit drug includes Viagra, Lipitor, Tamiflu,Ambien and Diflucan.

Viagra remains the world most counterfeit drug. Pfizer losses sales of $ 2 billion a

year in Viagra alone.

Estimated death from counterfeit drugs vary from ten thousand to more than

200,000 every year.

Lethal market for counterfeits is growing at the rate of 25 percent annually

(ASSOCHAM).

Main factors for the growth of the industry : Weak drug regulation, weaknesses in

enforcement of existing regulations and lenient punishment for counterfeiters.

Methods for success of Anti counterfeiting market: Full cooperation between drug

regulatory authorities, law enforcement agencies, manufacturers, association of

pharmacists and consumers.

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

�

Source:bloomberg.com

FIRST INHOLOGRAPHYGlaxo was the first company to

use a tamper evident hologram

to seal packs of ZANTAC (the

trade name for the anti-ulcer

medication ranitidine) in 1989.

Zantac was the world's single

largest-selling prescription

drug with sales exceeding $ 2.5

billion in 1989. In 1994,

Zantac generated $3.6 billion

in sales, $2.1 billion of that in

the USA.

Aga in in 2003 , GlaxoS m i t h k l i n e C o n s u m e rHealthcare Ltd (GSKCH) anI n d i a n a s s o c i a t e o fGlaxoSmithKline (GSK) wasthe first company to use a 3-Dhologram on its popularmedicine CROCIN. It is thefirst and only analgesic /antipyretic brand in India witha sophisticated 3-D hologram.Source: www.tribuneindia.com

FIRSTIN

INDIA

FIRSTIN

INDIA


Alert of the Issue The Holography Times The Holography Times Technology

Holographic optical elements:Printing technology enables HOE volume manufacturing

Evgeni Poliakov and Leo

Katsenelenson

HOE science

Overcoming Limitations

Methods for storing and reproducingoptical information have greatlyboosted interest in holographicproducts. Indeed, because they arediffractive in nature (with feature sizeapproximately 0.1λ to 10λ, where λis the recording wavelength),holographic optical elements (HOEs)offer several types of opticalfunctionality. Instead of bending lightby curvature and shape, as in the caseof typical optical elements such aslenses, HOEs diffract light waves byusing a corresponding material profileto make new waves. These HOEs can

function like standard lenses,gratings, or mirrors, and they arelightweight and do not require precisesurface machining.

Unfortunately, the development ofmany obvious applications for HOEs,such as three-dimensional (3-D)visualization, 3-D cinema, or 3-Ddisplays has been hampered for manyyears. There are two reasons thatholography and HOEs have found alimited range of applications that aregenerally restricted to medicine,museum pictorials, or one-shotvisualization objects: cost andcomplexity. But if you could make aperfect master hologram, a mother ofall the others, the master HOE could bereplicated numerous times withoutgoing through the same developmentcycle, saving time and reducing costs.Currently, Luminit (Torrance, CA) isu s i n g t h i s m a s t e r h o l o g r a mmethodology to develop customholographic products; in particular,optical films and diffusers.

Optical holography, invented byDennis Gabor in the 1940s, deals withthe recording of scattered optical fieldsfrom objects. Derived from Greek for"science of writing," holography andthe holographic recording processproduces holograms or HOEs. TheseHOEs are typically made by theinterference of a reference beam(usually a laser) and an illuminationbeam (scattered by an object). Theresultant two-dimensional (2-D)picture--the hologram--is stored on aphotographic film, photoresistmaterial, charge-coupled device(CCD), or is generated numerically.The hologram is essentially a collectionof interference fringes obtained duringexposure of the photosensitive mediumto a high-low intensity profile. Duringplayback, the laser light diffracts on thefringes, and the object is reconstructed.

This unique and rather peculiar way ofreproducing objects that are no longerthere (that is, during playback the laserbeam illuminates the interferencefringes) is based on retrieval of phaseand amplitude information, whichuniquely represents the original object.To preserve the phases of the scatteredfields, a photosensitive medium isinsensitive to the phase and reacts tolight intensity. That is what madeDennis Gabor's invention unique: usinga second illumination beam along withan object beam allows the beams tointerfere so that the interference patterncan be recorded. As long as theinterference pattern is preserved, thephase information is preserved and theobject can be reconstructed.

Holography has been perceived as aninteresting science but a rather complexand nonapplicable technology,especially in terms of high-volumemanufacturing. Considering the typicaldrawbacks associated with using astandard holographic lab such as highmaterial costs, operation in a dark,vibration-free environment, chemicaldevelopment, materials storage, longrecording times, and demandingrequirements for uniformity, yield,efficiency, and most importantly,reproducibility, all of these factors canaddup toanexpensiveundertaking.

New technology from Luminitborrows concepts from the printingindustry for manufacturing HOEelements with surface microstructurerelief patterns applicable to generaland backlight illumination, display,automotive, and light-emitting-diode(LED)-based optics. Instead ofoptimizing an optical recording in anexpensive and often futile attempt toproduce thousands of identical copies,our HOE development plan isdifferent: make one good master andreplicate from it.

New master

replicating technology

that borrows

concepts from the

printing industry

enables volume

production of

holographic optical

elements for

applications in

general and backlit

illumination, displays,

and automotive LED-

based optics.

preventing their entry into distributionchannels. As a result, consumerconfidence in the integrity ofpharmaceuticals has increased andpublic health has been safeguarded.

More recently, the National Agency forFood & Drug Administration andControl in Nigeria (NAFDAC) has alsoannounced that it is planning toin t roduce unique ly numberedholographic labels to be used on alllicensed medicines distributed in thecountry. Perhaps unsurprisingly, thesuccess and near ubiquitous use ofholograms in anti-counterfeitingapplications has inevitably led toattempts to copy or replicate them.However, the intrinsic features ofholograms mean that the techniquesand visual effects make it very difficultto copy a properly conceived andexecuted authentication hologram withone hundred per cent accuracy.

His to r i ca l ly, ho lograms havesucceeded in doing their job. They haveproved to be extremely difficult to copyaccurately and, invariably, while theproduct and packaging they protectmay have been counterfeited, the lowerquality copy of the hologram has

typically been the feature that hasdemonstrated that it is a counterfeit. Inthis way, the hologram serves as aneffective detection feature whensophisticated criminals have theresources to reproduce packaging that

is barely distinguishable from thegenuine article – the same cannot besaid of the fake holograms.

The situation involving Artesunate, animportant antimalarial treatment, isoften quoted as an example. It isreported that over half of the sales ofthis drug in South East Asia are fake,despite the blister pack incorporating ahologram. What is evident is that,despite the fact that the hologram usedis relatively simple and has been used inits unchanged form for several years,the fake holograms are identifiable assuch. The problem is that in a region oflow rural literacy, very high povertyand very poor drug regulation, andwhere medicines are sold in streetmarkets and non-specialist shops, mostbuyers and users of Artesunate see ahologram and think this means that themedicine is genuine.

The Artesunate case is a classic exampleof how not to manage a hologramauthentication programme on a brand ofmedicine. The hologram has not beenredesigned since it was first introduced,and insufficient attention was paid to thedis t r ibut ion , examinat ion andpurchasingpatterns in the region.

In contrast, there are many examples ofhow holograms continue to provide asuccessful and vital detection functionin pharmaceutical anti-counterfeitingstrategies. In all these cases, it is widelyunderstood by those involved thatformal inspection of the hologramprovides the quickest way to identify afake product, even if this then needs tobe supported by forensic examination.

Importantly, as well as understandingthe need to invest in the creation of aproperly designed secure hologram,those pharmaceutical companies andorganisations involved in successfulanti-counterfeiting efforts also

recognise that it should not be the soleresponsibility of the consumer toexamine a hologram to check that theproduct is genuine.

Rather than rely on untrained membersof the public to identify counterfeits, itmust be the primary responsibility ofmanufacturers and the enforcementagencies to ensure that fakepharmaceuticals should not be able toenter the legitimate supply chain in thefirst place. This is why successful brandprotection programmes now involveforma l examination and inspectionsystems at different stages in thedistribution network.

The ho log raph i c indus t ry i sworking hard to destroy the myththat sophisticated holograms cannotbe counterfeited; anything can becounterfeited, the question is howwell, and this is where the real valueof holograms should be appreciated.The evolving anti-counterfeitingrole of holograms lies in theirability to combine authenticationwith detection – and this is why themore enlightened pharmaceuticalsc o m p a n i e s a n d e n f o r c e m e n tagencies continue to make them anintegral part of modern anti-counterfeiting strategies.

The real thing?

Conclusion

Historically, holograms have succeeded in doing their job. They have proved to be extremely

difficult to copy accurately and, invariably, while the product and packaging they protect may have

been counterfeited, the lower quality copy of the hologram has typically been the feature that has

demonstrated that it is a counterfeit. In this way, the hologram serves as an effective detection

feature when sophisticated criminals have the resources to reproduce packaging that is barely

distinguishable from the genuine article – the same cannot be said of the fake holograms.


Technology The Holography Times The Holography Times Technology

Essentially a printing process, this method wins overother industrial alternatives in terms of machinery cost(hot embossing), complexity and robustness of theprocess with respect to custom products (extrusion), orsize (injection molding).

Luminit HOEs are unique because only one beam is used tomake them compared to the standard holographicalrecording process, which uses two beams. Second, theHOEs have randomized surface structures whose opticalresponse (modulation transfer function) is determined bythe collection of individual lenslets of varying shapes andsizes rather than by a periodic structure, as in the case ofbright-enhancement films produced by 3M (St. Paul, MN).The combination of millions of lenslets determines theoutput profile and optical properties, leading to veryimportant characteristics such as wide-band operation (300to 1500 nm) and high transmission (see Fig. 4). Such HOEseffectively act as high-efficiency, wide-bandpass opticalfilters. They exhibit nearly zero chromatic aberration,atypical for holographic elements that usually demonstratehigh diffraction efficiency in a narrow wavelength range.

It is important to understand how an HOE obtained at a UVlaser exposure (300 nm) does not alter its properties atnear-infrared wavelengths (900 nm). The reason is that theHOE surface is represented by a randomized picture ofdifferent lenslets. Contributions to the modulation transferfunction come from numerous and different spatialfrequencies of individual speckles. Therefore, no matterwhat the wavelength is (essentially, the playbackwavelength), there are always features of a particular sizewithin the master that can interact (scatter) the light mostefficiently. This is best illustrated by the master gratingequation, sineθ = m&lambda/d + sineθ , that relates the

incoming light angle θ , the diffractive angle θ , and the

surface roughness, d. Different surface roughness features(d), upon playing back (when the light falls on the HOE),contribute to different angles, producing a controlled

angular spread (see Fig. 5). This is also the reason forsuppressed chromatic aberrations: since there are manyvalues of d, the sensitivity of a particular scattering angleto the wavelength is limited.

Diffusers from Luminit take the light from a source (coherentor not) and scatter it to a particular design shape. These HOEsare weakly diffractive elements (the light rays do not deviatemuch from the original path) and therefore obey Fresnelapproximations for weakly divergent paraxial rays. They are,however, diffractive enough to create a pleasant (to the humaneye) Gaussian-type scattering profile with wide roll-offs, orwhat is known as a standard deviation. This controlled roll-offcomes from the fact that these are engineered material surfacesin which the surface roughness, although being randomized, iscontrolledduring the recordingprocess.

Holographic diffusers and directional-turning films withhigh transmission make exceptional film products forliquid-crystal and rear-projection displays, machinevision, biomedical, aircraft, and automobile applications,and for LED illumination. Functionalities such asspreading light quickly to hide the source and redirectinglight toward the viewer benefit the display market.Advantages include the simplification and cost, weight,and size reduction of backlights, while providingequivalents to bright-enhancement (prismatic) films withhybrid integrated options (HOEs with extreme ellipticalangle profiles have very similar structure to bright-enhancement films, but are less expensive). With furthercommercialization of these HOEs and the applicability ofthe printing-based manufacturing process to markets suchas the rapidly evolving solar-cell industry, the future willlikely see further proliferation of this technology andmany more HOEs in production.

f 0

0 f

HOE performance

Source: www.laserfocusworld.com, www.luminitco.com

FIGURE 4:

FIGURE 5:

HOEs manufactured with a roll-to-roll process have highbroadband optical transmission.

Different surface roughness features on an HOE contributeto different angles, producing a controlled angular spread.The composition of different roughness features fills up thescattering profile and is the ultimate source of suppressingchromatic dispersion (otherwise known as wavelengthdependence).

Creating the master

Replicating the master

Fabrication of the master HOE begins with an optical setup inwhich the laser light--which is passed through an opticalobjective and a shutter--is directed through a mid-maskdiffuser made of ground glass (see Fig. 1). The light diffractson the middle mask and produces secondary (scattered)waves, which are then multiplexed on the surface coated withthe photoresist. The individual speckles are engineered on theoriginal master by exposing the photoresist to light variationsthrough the optical setup and a specular pattern--an ensembleofmillions of individualphotoresist speckles--is obtained.

The surface profiles from specular recordings resemble arandom collection of lenslets, which are indeed the speckles(see Fig. 2). Feature size varies from 2 to 200 μm,depending on the specified output. Smaller, individualfeatures represent the larger diffraction (and scattering)capability, while the combined microrelief surface of thelenslet ensemble determines the final output. Control of theHOE output (and the individual lenslet shape) is achievedthrough changing the working distance f, the wavelength,and the middle-mask aperture.

Lenslet shape can be varied in both directions according toδ = 2λf/h and &delta = 2λf/w and where δ and δ and

are the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the speckle, δis the recording wavelength, f is the total focal distance, andh and w are the geometrical parameters of the middle mask.Such an independent control in two directions allows one tocreate asymmetric illumination profiles and elliptical beamshapes (see Fig. 3).

A photoresist is an ideal substance for making largeseamless masters that do not have any materialdiscontinuities. Surface patterning, achieved by recordingthe light patterns onto the photoresist, is transferred onto themasters through a multistep process, which ends with theelectroforming step. The master, made of nickel or copper,has continuous microrelief structure along radial andtangential directions of the cylinder.

The absence of structural discontinuities in the HOEmaster is the key to fast replication manufacturing. Long(1500 ft), wide (more than 48 in.) rolls of film can bereplicated in a web process, where an ultraviolet (UV)-grade epoxy is distributed on a substrate and issubsequently hardened by UV light as the seamlessmetal master rolls over it. By choosing correct web speedand UV dosage, replication from the seamless master issmooth and defects are minimal. The advantages of theweb process are clear: fast replication speeds (up to 500ft/min), large formats (62 in. wide) and great capacity(up to 100 million linear feet of optical-quality films).

x y x y

FIGURE 1:

FIGURE 2:

FIGURE 3:

An optical setup is used to fabricate holographic optical

elements (HOEs) on a photoresist.

Material surface profiles of Luminit HOEs have microreliefpatterns that result in symmetric profiles (top) andasymmetric (elliptical) profiles (bottom).

Typical radiation patterns from beam-shaping HOEscorrespond to the microrelief patterns shown in Fig. 2.


Tribute The Holography Times The Holography Times Industry Updates

C S Jeena Neha Gupta

21-Ground Floor, Devika Tower 6, Nehru Place, New Delhi110019, INDIATelefax: +91-11-4161 7369, Email: [email protected]

Editorial Board

The Holography Times is published byHOLOGRAM MANUFACTURES ASSOCIATION OF INDIA (HoMAI)

Disclaimer: The data used here are from various published and electronically available primary andsecondary sources. Despite due diligence the source data may contain occasional errors. In suchinstances, HoMAI would not be responsible for such errors.

The Holo-packHolo-p r in t® 2008

conference and trade show takes place in

Toronto, Canada, on November 18-20, and

this year the conference is on the theme

Pushing the Boundaries.

Undeniably, theglobalholographycommunity

hasbeenandremains innovativeand inventive,

finding new techniques, new materials, new

applications and new approaches for

holograms. These innovative holographers are

“pushing the boundaries” of the scope of

holography. But the boundaries of holography

are being pushed in a more literal way. The

holography industry, in the sense of that

collective group which develops, produces and

markets commercialholograms,had itsbirth in

North America in the early 1980s, and quickly

expanded across the Atlantic to Western

Europe. For the first decade or so of

commercial holography, it was from these two

regions that the crucial, market-driving

developmentsinholographycame.

Now, however, the holography industries of

China and India are equally accomplished, so

that there are numerous boundary-pushing

developments fromcompaniesandresearchers

inthesefast-growingAsianeconomies.

So it is no surprise to see a strong presence

from Indian companies at Holo-packHolo-

print this year, in both the conference

programme and the accompanying trade

show. For several years there has been a

strong Indian delegation at the event, so it is

good to see this participation expanding in

this way.

The conference will be full of information and

insights for holography professionals, while

the tradeshow is a unique opportunity to find

the latest in holographic production

equipment and materials. The programme

covers everything from the latest incremental

developments in surface-relief hologram

production techniques essential listening if

you are involved in embossed holograms to

techniques that are realising holographers'

dreams for true colour, full 3D, large format

image holograms. It also includes case studies

on security and promotional holograms, new

photopolymers for mass production

holograms, instruments to examine the

optical structure of holograms and display

enhancementHOEs.

All this is crammed in to four half-day sessions:

Design and production, Security holograms,

Expanding the holographic space and Emerging

technologies. On the first day, topics range from

new photopolymers, DGC mastering materials,

HIR embossing films and durable coatings to the

holograms on the Canadian dollar series, the

evolution of holographic protection for major

sporting events, data storage, customisable

micro-dot holograms, sensor holograms and

instrumental characterisation.

On the second day the emphasis switches to the

display space, with presentations on direct-write

ho log rams , p ro j ec t ion sys t ems and

autostereoscopic displays, before concluding

with a series of presentations on next-generation

developments including thermo-plastic

photosensitive materials, RFID-hologram

combinations, collectors for solar energy and

explosive holograms. The conference concludes

with a look at emerging holographic

technologies which might become important

commercial products in future.

Before the two-day plenary meeting there will be

a Workshop titled OVDs New & Emerging

Optical Security Technologies, and a Short

Course on ID Documents: Overview of Current

Expectations. Led by Glenn Wood and John

Mercer respectively, their long experience and

excellent knowledge of their topics will help you

to understand competing or complementary

technologies and the important market in ID

documents.

Representatives from members of HoMAI gain

special discounts on the delegate fee. Please visit

www.holopackholoprint.info for full details and

to reserve your specially-priced delegate place,

or to book an exhibition space.

(WO/2008/086795) Method for

Writing Holographic PixelsAbstract: (EN) The invention relatesto a method for writing holographicpixels in a holographic recordable film(3), comprising a photo componentthat can be changed photochemicallyand/or photophysically by exposure,wherein the holographic recordablefilm (3) is positioned above areflection master (4), wherein aprimary light beam (P) is directed atthe holographic recordable film (3),wherein the primary light beam (P)penetrates the holographic recordablefilm (3) and is reflected by thereflection master (4) to form areflection light beam (R). The primarylight beam (P) and the reflection lightbeam (R) interfere in the holographic

recordable film (3) within aninterference zone (10) and change thephoto component in the interferencezone to form the holographic pixel.The method is characterized in that atransmission hologram (6) is arrangedbetween the holographic recordablefilm (3) and the reflection master (4)and that the transmission hologram (6)diffracts the primary light beam (P)and/or the reflection light beam (R)with the proviso that the interferencezone (10) has a larger lateral surfacearea, in relation to the directionsorthogonal to the surface normal forthe holographic recordable film (3),than in the absence of the transmissionhologram(6).

The eminent Russian gentleman andphysicist Professor YURI N DENISYUKmust be honored as one of the Pioneers ofMODERN HOLOGRAPHY. ProfessorYuri N Denisyuk was born on 1927in Sochi.A graduate of the Leningrad Institute ofPrecision Mechanics and Optics (1954), heworked in the Vavilov State Optical Institutefor more than 40 years.

After lasers became available Denisyukdeveloped "volume reflection holography"r igh t fu l ly a l so ca l l ed "Den i syukholography". Denisyuk began experimentsin interference photography in 1958 andpublished his work in 1962 in the SovietUnion. In 1962 he conceived the idea ofrecording light wavefronts by interferencewith a reference beam, and produced the firstreflection hologram. But his research was notwell received until the work of Leith andUpatnieks began to generate excitement inthe late sixties.

In 1970 he was awarded the Lenin Prize andwas elected a member of the SovietAcademyof Sciences. From the onwards, holography

was a prominent feature of the SovietUnion's Scientific profile, along with spacetechnology, nuclear power, and high-powerlasers. In addition to this honor, he receivedmany awards including including Banner(1988), «Badge of Honor» (1975). the filmorganization «Interkamera" (1971), theIn terna t ional Socie ty for Opt ica lEngineering (SRIE) - Prize Gabor D. (1983),Optical Society ofAmerica (OSA) - Prize RVWood (1992), the International PublishersPrize «Science» (1996). In 1987 he wasawarded the Grand silver medal andhonorary membership in the Royal Societyof Great Britain fotograficheskom. ctivemember of the Russian Academy ofSciences.

His later research included work onholograms made without a reference beamand the recording of holographic images byincoherent light. A great academician, anoutstanding scholar-optics, the largestspecialist in the field of holography Yuri N.Denisyuk was died in St. Petersburg, 14 May2006.

Professor Yuri Nikolaevich Denisyuk

(1927-2006)

Events&

CalendarThe 4th China International ID,

Smart Card and Ticket Security

Anti-counterfeiting Technology

Exhibition & Summit (CIDS 2008)

CARTES 2008

7th Asian High Security Printing

Conference

The 3rd All in Print China

Holopack-Holoprint 2008

Pushing the Boundaries

2nd International Exhibition &

Conference-SECURE 2008

India Label Show 2008

PackPlus 2009

Asia Print & Pack Expo 2009

22-23 October, 2008

Beijing Fragrant Hill Empark Hotel,

Beijing, PRC.

http://www.cids.com.cn/en/

NOVEMBER 4-6, 2008

PARIS, FRANCE

www.cartes.com

November 11-13, 2008

Bangkok, Thailand

www.cross-conferences.com

14th to 17th Nov.2008

Shanghai,China

November 18-20, 2008

Toronto, Canada

www.holopackholoprint.info

24-26 November 2008, Mumbai

www.securexh.com

3-6 December 2008, New Delhi

www.indialabelshow.com;

www.labelexpo.com

8-11 July 2009, New Delhi

www.print-packaging.com

28-31 August 2009,

Bangalore

www.asiaprintpackexpo.com

Patent

Fig. 2

Strong Indian Presence at Holo-pack Holo-print 2008

Ian M Lancaster, Reconnaissance International

The Holography TimesThe Holography TimesThe Holography TimesSeptember 2008 Vol II Issue IV www.homai.org

The Holography Times is a quarterly newsletter published by HoMAI

TM

ALSO

Anti-counterfeiting solutions for FIFA 2010 • 3M targets Indian pharma industry • Using holograms

to celebrate success • Face to face with Mr. Manoj Kochar - MD, Holoflex • Holographic optical

elements • Review on HOLOPACK-HOLOPRINT 2008 • Industry updates and more...

Hologram: The first line of defence in the war on

PHARMA COUNTERFEITING

SPECIAL REPORTSource: www.ihma.org

Endeavour to safe guard products & people