The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle

Anatomy and Kinesiology

420:024

Objectives

Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements

Hip Joint Hip joint (femur and acetabulum of pelvis)

Relatively stable due to: Bony architecture Strong ligaments Large supportive muscles

Hip joint and pelvic girdle work together much like shoulder joint and girdle Pelvis moves in response to trunk and/or thigh movement

Other bones to consider Tibia Fibula Patella

Pelvic Girdle Pelvic girdle Pelvic bones, sacrum, coccyx Pelvic bones:

Each pelvic bone is made up of three fused bones ilium, ischium, & pubis

Right & left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by sacrum

Sacrum: Extends from spinal column with 5 fused vertebrae

Coccyx: Extends posteriorly from sacrum with 3 fused vertebrae

Lateral femoral epicondyle Medial femoral

epicondyle

Patella

Tibial tuberosity

Head of fibula

Lateral tibial condyle

Medial tibial condyle

Joints Hip joint

AKA Acetabular femoral joint Diarthrodial multiaxial ball and socket Movements Planes and axes

Joints

Pubic symphisis Amphiarthrodial cartilagenous joint Slightly moveable

Joints

Sacroiliac joints Diarthrodial gliding joints Slightly moveable

Objectives

Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements

Muscles

Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae

Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators

Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus

Medial: Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus

Iliopsoas

Sartorius

Rectus Femoris

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Muscles

Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae

Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators

Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus

Medial: Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus

Gluteus Maximus

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

Biceps Femoris

Six Deep External Rotators

Muscles

Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae

Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators

Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus

Medial: Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus

Gluteus Medius

Gluteus Minimus

Muscles

Anterior: Iliopsoas Sartorius Rectus femoris Tensor fasciae latae

Posterior: Gluteus maximus Biceps femoris Semitendonosus Semimembranosus Deep 6 external rotators

Lateral: Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus

Medial: Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Pectineus

Adductor Brevis

Adductor Longus

Adductor Magnus

Pectineus

Gracilis

Objectives

Bones, bony landmarks and joints Muscles Movements

Movements

Flexion Movement of femur straight

anteriorly Extension

Movement of femur straight posteriorly

Movements Abduction

Movement of femur laterally to side away from midline

Adduction Movement of femur

medially toward midline

Movements

Horizontal adduction Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse

plane toward the midline Horizontal abduction

Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane away from the midline

Movements

External rotation Movement of femur laterally

around its long axis away from midline

Internal rotation Movement of femur medially

around its long axis toward midline

Movements

Diagonal abduction Movement of femur in a

diagonal plane away from midline of body

Diagonal adduction Movement of femur in a

diagonal plane toward midline of body

Movements

Anterior pelvic tilt Anterior movement of upper

pelvis; iliac crest tilts forward in a sagittal plane

Posterior pelvic tilt Posterior movement of upper

pelvis; iliac crest tilts backward in a sagittal plane

Movements Left lateral pelvic tilt

Left pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to right pelvis in frontal plane

Right lateral pelvic tilt Right pelvis moves inferiorly in

relation to left pelvis in frontal plane

Movements

Left transverse pelvic tilt Left pelvis moves

posteriorly in relation to the right in transverse plane

Right transverse pelvic tilt Right pelvis moves

posteriorly in relation to the left in transverse plane

LINE OF PULL

FLEXION

Superior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane

FLEXION

FLEXION

Iliopsoas Rectus femoris Sartorius Tensor fasciae latae Pectineus

EXTENSION

Inferior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane

EXTENSION

EXTENSION

Gluteus maximus Hamstrings

Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

ABDUCTION Superolateral movement of the femur in the

frontal plane

Gluteus minimus

ABDUCTION

ABDUCTION

Tensor fasciae latae Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus

ADDUCTION Inferomedial movement of the femur in the

frontal plane

ADDUCTION

ADDUCTION

Gracilis Adductor magnus Adductor longus Adductor brevis Pectineus

HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION Movement of the femur away from the midline

of the body in the transverse plane Muscles Abductors

HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION Movement of the femur towards the midline in

the transverse plane Muscles Adductors

INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ROTATION

Movement of the femur towards/away the midline in the transverse plane along its long axis