1485 1500 1603

Following the Black Death and the agricultural

depression of the late 15th century, population growth

began to increase.

Tudor period (1485–1603)

In 1487 Henry VII's enemies from the House of York

landed a small army off the coast of Cumbria with the

intention of stealing the crown. Henry VII defeated

them at East Stoke.

1529: English Reformation: King Henry VIII breaks away from the authorities of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church. (he wants to divorce and remarry)

Beginning in 1549, this was to be the largest popular uprising

during the Tudor period. It was at first intended as a

demonstration against enclosures of common land. The

instigator, Robert Kett, was hanged for treason.

In 1570, the Ridolfi plot to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots, was exposed. In 1584, the Throckmorton Plot was discovered, after Francis Throckmorton confessed his involvement in a plot to overthrow the Queen and restore the Catholic Church in England.

Queen Elizabeth I's reign (1558–1603) is considered

to be the golden age in English history..

By 1603, English people had come to esteem their Church. The Church of England.

Early EuropeA Glimpse of

Renaissance affects philosophy, science and art.

Age of Discovery begins.

Rise of Modern English language from Middle English.

Introduction of the noon bell in the Catholic world.

Public banks

Yongle Encyclopedia—over 22,000 volumes

Scotch whisky

Psychiatric hospitals

Development of the woodcut for printing between 1400–1450

Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press in Europe (c. 1455).

Linear perspective drawing perfected by Filippo Brunelleschi 1410–1415

Invention of the harpsichord c. 1450

Discovery of the Americas by Christopher Columbus 1492

First pound lock in Europe reportedly built in Vreeswijk, Netherlands in 1481

The Columbian Exchange introduces many plants, animals and diseases to the Old and New Worlds.

Introduction of the spinning wheel revolutionizes textile production in Europe.

1519–22: Ferdinand Magellan and Juan Sebastián Elcano lead the first circumnavigation of the World.

1543: Copernicus publishes his theory that the Earth and the other planets revolve around the Sun

1558: Camera obscura is first used in Europe by Giambattista della Porta of Italy.

1565: Spanish settlers outside New Spain (Mexico) colonize Florida's coastline at St. Augustine.

1568: Gerardus Mercator creates the first Mercator Projection map.

1582: Gregorian calendar is introduced in Europe by Pope Gregory XIIIand adopted by catholic countries.

c. 1583: Galileo Galilei of Pisa, Italy identifies the constant swing of a pendulum, leading to development of reliable timekeepers.

The Statue of David, completed byMichelangelo in 1504, is one of the

most renowned works of the Renaissance

{

The Greatness of Britain

English Heraldry

the profession, study, or art of creating, granting, and blazoning arms and ruling on questions of rank or protocol, as exercised by an officer of arms.

The funerary enamel of Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou (died 1151), dressed in blue and gold and bearing his blue shield emblazoned with gold lions, is the first recorded depiction of a coat of arms.

The College of Arms, or Heralds' College, is an office regulating heraldry and granting new armorial bearings for England, Wales and Northern Ireland. It was founded in 1484 by King Richard III, and is a private corporate body consisting of the professional heralds who are delegated heraldic authority by the British monarch.

The United States Seal would be considered equal to the coat of arms being usedto represent Britain.

Click here for meanings of symbols

Each family name has a different coat of Arms, each unique in their own way.

Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom

By 1423, St Bartholomew's Hospital in London has assumed arms - probably the oldest example of medical heraldry in the kingdom.

King Richard III organizes the royal kings of arms, heralds, and pursuivants into a College of Arms, under authority of the Earl Marshal, in 1484.

In Wales, the bards attribute arms wholesale to the ancestors of the tribes - these are then "inherited" by their descendants.

King Henry VIII introduces heraldic visitations 1530, to record arms in use and prohibit any that are usurped or are born by men of inferior social status.

Queen Mary I of England reincorporates the College of Arms with a new charter in 1555.

The College of Arms rules in 1561 that heraldic heiresses may not transmit their fathers' crests to their descendants.

Gerard Leigh publishes The Accedence of Armory in 1562.

15th and 16th century on British coat of arms

College of Arms, London