the grammatic rules in "lessons in arabic language - book 3"

8/14/2019 The grammatic rules in "Lessons in arabic language - Book 3"

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- .

1 16/12/1995-

- in nouns

- Modification/change reaching the end of nouns because of the change of the active element (denoting the

end of the nounchanges according to the position of the word in the sentence). [ ]

- -

-

- non-modification/change reaching the end of nouns because of the change of the active element(denoting the end of the)

word assumes one eternal/unchangeable form. [

]

- -

-

In respect to nouns, all are except the following: -

-) --( -) -( -

)- ( - )- ( -

- - - ) (- -

- i.e. taking their normal form as dictated by Arabic Grammar:

- - -


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- .

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:-i.e. not taking their normal form as dictated by specific rules in Arabic Grammar

- -

- - -

)(-- )(

- -

- )) -

- )(

// // // // //- -

- -

- )(

--

- -

--

-


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-

- ) (-

-

--

-

-

-

- -

-

- -

-

- The in three areas within which are not present/clear, but are thereforeassumed/hypothetical. [ ]

An where the last letter is an ) ( , i.e. : [

.] . :

-

-


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--

)( -

- An where the last letter is a and the letter before it is ., i.e . [

.] -

--

- )( -

- -

-- )(

Note the condition of the without the , ) ( :

: - -1 - -2 - -3

- An where the of the last letter is the - , and the letter before it is .

-- -

- -


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- .

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- ) ( -

-

)1

-

- )2

) - ( --

-

3 ) ) ( --

-

)4-

- -

)5-

- -

- )(


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- .

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)1) ( -

- -

)2) ( -

- -

)3- ) (-

-

)4- - -

- ) (

- -

- ) ( - )(

)5 -

- ) (


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- .

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- -

- )(

- - - )(

)6

- ) ( - )(-

-

)7-

- - -

)8- -

- )(

-

)9 -

-

-


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- .

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- )( -

10

) - -

- )( - -

- )(

)11 -

- -

1

) - -

-

)2

-

- - )) ) )

- -

- -

- -


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- - - - - -

-

- - - - - -

- Any which follows completely the of what has just preceded it. Of this there are 4 types:

-/-

-

- -

-/- -

-

-

-/ --

- -


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- .

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--

-

)( - -

- -

- - )(

-

-- ) (-

- )( --

- ) (-

-

- )( -

-- ) (-

-

- )(


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)( --

- ) ( - -

- )( - ))

-

- - -

)(-- )(

-

- - - -

)(-- )(

-


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--

-

- )(-- )(

-

--

- --

-

-- -

-

- - )(

--

-

-


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)( -

-

--

- -

- -

- - -

-

- in verbs. and are both . is unless it has ) ( and then it becomes i.e. / (from .(

- )(

--

-)(


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- - )(

)(

- -

- - )(

)( -

-

)( -

- -

)( - -

) ( -


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- .

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- -

-

-

- -

- -

)) -

- -

- ) ( -

) ( - ) ( -

- For there are 3; taking their normal form as dictated by Arabic Grammar:

- - -

- i.e. not taking their normal form as dictated by specific rules in Arabic Grammar:

-

-

--


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--

- )) -

- -

)) - -

-

-

- )( )( )( ) (

- The here is not present/clear, but is therefore assumed/hypothetical.

-

)( - )(

- ) ( )) ) ( -

-


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- )( )(

- following in / formats in substitute of the .

It is being

written

He is

writing

It was written He wrote

)(

In the , is always dropped and the takes its place and becomes with necessary harakah changes. - is despite the transformation of to . This is because is .

If the is a , apply same (harakah changes) rules as above, and simply change the , to its equivalent ,i.e. -


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- -

- -

- -

))

- ))

. . - - ) (

- - ) (

-


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- ) (-

- ) (

- )( :-

- - ) ( -

- -

- ) (-

-

- - ) (-

- -

-

)) -

- ) (-

-


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- )(- - ) (-

: - -

- ) ( - -

-

- ) (

- -) (

) ( - -

- -

- ) (

-


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--

- ) (-

--

- --

- ) (

-

- - )) ) (- -

- Expresses the place/time the action of the verb is committed. ) : / /

) ( /)

)/(- )1 )/) (/)- )2

)/)- )1 )/ )(/)- )2)/)- )3

-)/(


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-)/(The plural form is )(

- )/( )4

- -

- ) (

- )( - - -

- ) (

- describes the instrument with which the action of the verb is carried out.

)()(- )()(- )()()(- )(

- formed by adding to a noun. Denotes that a person/thing governed is related/connected with theoriginal noun. If a noun has

ending, this must be dropped before adding

.

- - - - -

- ---

If a noun ends in / , this is changed to before ending.

) ( )( -

} { }{


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) )( ( -

- -

)(-

) )( ( - - -

- )( )( )-)

-

- either/or. Four conditions of usage. Note, the second

of the pair is always preceded by

:

- -

- - (()) --

)(- - - (()) -

) ( -

- -

- - (()) - -

)(-

- - (()) -


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) ( -

-

- )) - - (()) -

- )(-

- - (()) -) ( -

- - - (()) --

)) - - )(-

- - (()) - - )(

- ) (

- definition indicating a precise noun -)(-

-)(- -)(- (-(-

- - (-(-

)(-)(- -)(-


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- in-definition indicates an indefinite noun -

-

- ) (-

- -

- )) -

-

] )+= ([

/- both (of), the two -

-

- .

-

/- That is. Used for

only

/ /


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-


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27 16/12/1995-

:

) - ( )

- -)( )( - -)( ))) ( ))( )( - -- - )( )(- - )( ) )

- . : - )3

- -

:.: . )4 )1 (- (-

) ( - - -

)( - - )(- - )( - -

: - - - -

- -

/


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* *) (

/-

)( ) (

If you have 2 in a then the 1st is a , and the 2nd is a . If positions change then the changes:

- -

)(

- -

- - ) (

- if, whether, when, whenever. embodying a condition. Used mostly with ., transforming in meaning to the future


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Also used with

. It is permissible for the answer to the condition (

) to be

.

must be prefixed by ) ( in the following situations:} {- )1 -- )2

- - --3( (defective)-)) ((4( )(-} {5( )(- 6( )(-} { (-( )7

8( )(-} { 9( )(-} {

The will not be if preceded by . However, the for it will be .

--

- - -

- -

) (

-


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- ))

-

- )) - )(

))

)- ( ) () ( - - )(

- - ) (-

)( - - )(

-

- ) ( - -

)!- ( - ) /( - - ((

-

) ( -

-


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- -

- )( - - )( )(

- -.() - -

- )())

- -

-

. - - not; - he did not eat; he has not eaten

- )( ))

- -

- )( ))

when, at the time when, as -


32/40


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33 16/12/1995-

- ))

- )( ))

-- ) (

))

(-until, till, up to, as far as, to ( - - - )( -

- )( -

-so that, in order that, that, in order to, to, as, with a view, for -

- )(

-- )( )( )() (

- calling to one who is mourned or to a cause of pain( . . . ) - one who is mourned, stricken to death.

)( - to distress, afflict, pain, agonise, torment, make suffer

- the cause of pain, the place where disease and( . . . )suffering are located. pain, ache, suffering, agony, anguish

)(


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- )(- )(

- show me your book

- show him your notebook

- to show, present, bring out.

-2 -1

- ))

- - -

) .( ).().( ..) . . . . (-

-

)( -

- )( -

-

- - -

- -


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-

- It is permissable to for the following conjugations, so long as it is not followed by sukoon ( ):

- - - - -

- - )( -

- ) (

- -

-perhaps, maybe-to hope (for), wish, to look forward to -

-fear, fright, worry, anxiety, concern, care - -

- )( - - )(

-


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) (-)( ).( )().(

-) (

) (-) (

) () (-

)( / /

} { . )()() (()-()--) )-()(

)

)(

) -)

- )( )(


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)103 (} :} )) ):(. ) ( )( )( :

. : .

-

- ) (-

- - )(

) (

-

- ) )

- -

)) -

) ( -

)( - -


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. . : )(). (. .

- ) ( - -

- )( -

- )( -

) ). (( : . : )(

. ) : ()( .

)149( )3( :)) ((

Important: These notes cover the Introduction (page 3) upto and including Chapter Sixteen (page 149) of the book

((Lessons in Arabic Grammer for non-speakers)).

.

X:


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.10133.-

25/Page 25

66/Page 66

//

130/Page 13072/Page 72

37/Page 37/138/Page 138////81/Page 81//

139/Page 13945/Page 45

102/Page 102148/Page 148//

/55/Page 55

/


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the grammatic rules in "lessons in arabic language - book 3"

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