The French and Indian War

Reasons for the Revolution

The French and Indian War

The French began to move into the Ohio Valley in 1753

The British reacted in Virginia by sending George Washington to establish a Fort at the present day location of Pittsburg Pennsylvania.

The French however arrived first and Washington could not drive them out.

Washington and his men kill a French diplomat in a skirmish. This started the war.

British Militia Officer George Washington

Fort Necessity:

Washington Surrendered to the French. The French and Indian War had begun.

The Battle of for Fort Duquesne Phase II

Regular British General Officer Braddock is given command with orders to take Fort Duquesne.

George Washington serves as guide for the army.

Washington advises caution against Indian attack.

Braddock ignores him and is killed. Washington and the army retreat

back to Virginia.

The Death of General Braddock

The French Win Many Battles Early on in the War Fort William and

Henry is an example of early French domination on the battlefield.

North American Indians Fight

Native Americans take sides in the conflict.

The Iroquois fight for the British. The Algonquin and Huron for the

French. Most Indian tribes choose the

French because they are less likely to take their land.

Bloody Hand to Hand Combat

A New British Prime Minister is Chosen

William Pitt is voted in as new PM.

He chooses to send his best Generals to fight in North America instead of protecting Gr. Br. or going to protect other parts of the Empire.

It is a risky plan. It is a successful plan.

The Critical Battle is Fought

The Battle for Quebec is fought.

The French are Command by General Montcalm.

The British are commanded by General Wolfe .

The Plains of Abraham The British sail up

the St. Lawrence. The British surprise

the French. They climb the

steep slopes outside of Quebec thought to be impossible.

The British are Victorious

They defeat the forces of the French

Both commanding Generals are killed; Montcalm –

French Wolfe - British

The British Win the War

By conquering Montreal and Quebec the British control the St. Lawrence Seaway.

The French cannot re - supply their forts in North America.

The French are forced to surrender.

The Treaty of Paris

Diplomats from both sides meet in Paris to sign a peace treaty.

Britain receives the land from the Mississippi River to the Appalachian Mountains.

It is one of the largest land exchanges in history.

New British Land Land received by

the British in the French and Indian War in what would later become part of the United States.

Problems Created by the French and Indian War

A huge debt for the British to pay for the war.

The British borrowed this debt to pay to protect her colonies.

Ben Franklin organized the Albany Congress; It was the first time 12 colonies considered

organizing together. Planned defenses against the French (Colonial

Militias). Colonies reject plan; afraid to lose power

Problems Created by the French and Indian War

Colonists move into the Ohio Valley Movement results in Indian War

Ottawa Indians attack British intervene and defeat Chief Pontiac

Proclamation of 1763 Colonists in Ohio Valley forced to leave Colonists not allowed across

Appalachians

Problems Created by the French and Indian War

British must raise money for debt. Parliament levies Sugar Act;

First direct tax on colonies Upsets Colonists Colonists protest, boycott, and smuggle

illegal rum Sugar Act fails and is revoked

Slowly the American Colonies move away from Great Britain over taxes.