the fifteenth dialogue october 1–2, 2016 kawauchivillage · • need to address issues from...

ReportofWorkingGroups1,2,3

TheFifteenthDialogueOctober1–2,2016Kawauchi Village

WorkingGroup1Day1

Whatwasyourexperienceduringtheaccident

• Quitevariedexperienceduringtheaccident• Theaccident:– seemedunreal– putpeopleinastateofshock– “NotAgain– whyJapan”– Nodata

• Largeinformationgap:affectedpeoplehadlittleradiationknowledge,lotsofconfusion

Whatdoyouwantforthefuture?Whatwouldyouliketoseetolivebetter

• Moresupportforpeopleinhigherdoseareas• Don’tchangeworking-levelpeoplesooften,oratleasthavealong-termpolicy

• ReduceWorryandConcern– Criteriaseenastoostrict(e.g.publichousing)– Criteriaseenastoounclear(e.g.somethink20mSv isoktogohome,somethink5)

Whatisneededtogohome• Needdatafromallaffectedareasforexperience,forgiving

referencepoints– Butsomesaynodatabecauseitwillgivethemandtheirregionabad

image– otherssaydatawillshowimprovement– Somedetectorsshowverydifferentreadings– needgoodcalibration

• Needtounderstandwhatis“Safe”• Needtounderstandwhatdatameans(e.g.ambientdoserate,

annualdose,etc.)Theknowledgeandunderstandingwillgrow• Needtomovewastepilesfromplaceswherepeoplewouldliketo

return,andneednotpileseverywhere– finaldisposal• Needdatafornowandneedtocontinuetocollectlongintothe

future

• Needto“feelgood”- thiswillinvolvecompromise– Usereferencepointstoseethatthingsareimproving(e.g.doseratebeforeandafterdecontamination)

• Youngpeopleshouldbeincludedinrecovery,Friendsallgoingbackinspiresfriendstoreturn,Makevillagesattractivetoattracttheyoungback

• Peopleneedtoworktogether– Residentsandresearchers– Residentsandmunicipalgovernment

• Needtoseethefuturetohaverecovery,Governmentshouldtaketheleadtoshowthefuturepath

• Situationwillnotgobacktotheoldsituation• Recoveryisnotgoingback,itsaboutfeelingok• Forthis,therearelotsofthingstoconsider,notonlyradiation– Infrastructure:hospitals,schools– Shopping– Jobs

• Needtoaddressissuesfrombeforetheaccidentthattheaccidentmadeworse(e.g.theyoungleavingthePrefecture)

• Forpreparation:– Needdatafrombeforeanyaccident– Nooneisreallyprepared

• FromBelarus,recoveryhasbeenneverending

KeyPoints

• Eachregionisdifferent• Thegovernmentmustcareforpeople,butpeoplemustcareforthemselves

• Needtogiveeveryoneavoice– themajoritydoesnotspeakuporcometomeetings

• GapbetweenaffectedpeopleandpeopleinTokyo– Peopletravelingtofuku tovisitseehigherdosesonthehighwaythanwherepeoplelivee

WorkingGroup1Day2

Decontamination

3Questions

1. WhatActionshavetherebeeninyourtown?2. Whataboutthewaste?Howmuch?Your

opinion?3. Whataboutwastestorage?

Compensation

• Someangeraboutevacueeswhogetcompensationbutthiscancausethemtoloseincentivetowork

• Compensationisaveryimportantissue

WasteRegulations

• Shouldwastebeallowedtoleavetheprefecturewhereitisproduced?

• Regulationsaboutwastearecomplicated,andstrict(e.g.aboutwhatcanbedonewithwastedependsonactivitylevel)

WhentoStop

• Viewthatmoredecontaminationisneededhasdecreasedovertheyears,particularlyinplaceswheredecontaminationhasbeendonealot

• Thedreamofdecontaminatingtolowerandlowerdoseratesisfading

Dialogue

• Therehasbeennoorlittlesharedvisionofwhatshouldbeachievedbydecommissioning

• Thereisnoexitstrategy• CulturallyinJapan,dialogueisdifficult• Municipalitieshavelotsofdifferentexperiencetoshare,butdonottalktoeachotherenough

Trust

• Thecentralgovernmentisseenasmakingtop-downdecisions,providingnoexplanationtoaffectedpeople

• Thecentralgovernmentshouldlistentopeople’sconcerns

• Wastestorageisbecominglong-term:shoulddiscussthis

• ThesituationinFukushimaPrefectureisvarynon-uniform,buttheimageoutsideisuniform

Emotions

• Largepilesofwastebagsareadaily,visiblereminderoftheaccident

• Noresearchhasbeendoneonwhatthisdoestothepsychologyofresidents,particularlychildren

• Themedicalcommunityisstronglyincontactwiththepublic,andcanhelptotransmitgoodinformationtoaddresspeople’sconcerns

Initiative

• Goodexampleofstartingnewenterprises(e.g.charcoal)– needgovernmentsupportforsuchinitiatives

• Obstaclescanbehardtoovercome,butshouldbeaddressed

Tired

• Someresidentsaregettingtiredofdealingwiththeevent,thepaceofprogresscanbeslow

• Focusmaybegettingless,forexampleresearchgrantsseemtobedecreasing

• Thesituationislong-term:shouldnotlosefocus

ChernobylvsFukushima

• InChernobyltherehasbeengreatloss– Villageshavebeencondemned–Wasteis“lost”

• InFukushimatherehasbeengreatcost– Hugedecontaminationeffort–Massivewastevolumetomanage

Group2Day1Mainmeasures implemented ortobe putinplaceinthefuturetoensure areturntoacceptablelivingconditionsinour town

DialogueinKawauchi'Therehabilitationoflivingconditionsin

theFutabaregion’01-02October 2016

Inthemedicalfield

– Alackofmedicalservicesandpersonal.Needtowaitortogoelsewhere

– Problemforelderlypeople,children,womenwhowanttobepregnant,incaseofemergency

– Itisafrustration,amajorconcern,inparticularduringnight

1

Inthefieldofhousing

– Still many peopleintemporary housing.Buildingofhousesisincreasing.Situationdifferentaccordingtothearea.

– Eachvillagehasitsownpolicyforhousing.– Returnisdependingonmanyfactors.Supportisnecessary.Compensationisanissue.

– Returnmeansbreakthenewcommunity– Concern aboutsizeofthepopulation(e.g.incaseoffire,notenough people)

2

Intheeducationalfield

– Government is refurbishing schools andseveralarereopened

– Butmany children arestill arenotreturned– Itis thechoice ofparents/adults who want toprotect children (howtobetter take into accountthevoice ofthechildren?)

– Graduates tendtoleave theprefecture

3

Intheeconomicfield– Difficult tomaintain thecommunity without jobs,shopsandservices

– Needtorecovereconomicalactivityandlivingtogether.Difficulttoreconstructanewsustainablelife.

– Shopsneedcustomers– Agricultureisamajorconcern butshouldnotmasktheotheraspects

– NPPwasamajoreconomicpillar.Nowdecommissioning.Butnewworkers.Mergingwithpopulationmaybedifficult

– Economyshouldbeattractivetoyoungpeople,fromFukushimaoroutside 4

Inthesocialfield(1)

– Peopledonotseemtobelostanymore.Theybetterknowwhattheywant

– Difficultforresidentstoexpressthemselves.Tooshy.Systemnotfullyadapted.Officialsnotalwayslistening

– Difficulttogetinformationandexplanation(e.g.fearaboutincineratorbutonlypeopleintheareahaveinformation)

– Officialsarechangingevery2yearsandtransmissionofinformationisdifficult

5

Inthesocialfield(2)

– Liaisonpeoplearemobilizedbutitisnotsufficient– SomeresidentNGOswerecreated– Broaddiscussionaboutthecommunityandthehome-town.Isitamatterofplaceorofrelationship?Wewillneverrefundthesamethanbefore.

6

Intheculturalfield

– Cultureis very important– Events,festivalshavetobe (re)organised (e.g.Jangara)

– Opportunity tocreate jobs– Tobe again together– Noconflictofinterestwithculture.

7

Group2Day2Theimplicationsofthedecontaminationand

thechallengesofwastemanagement

DialogueinKawauchi'Therehabilitationoflivingconditionsin

theFutabaregion’01-02October 2016

Decontamination• AreaofKawauchi seemstobeattractiveforretiredpeople;alsovolunteers

• Fearandquestionsaboutmountainandforest:– 20mradiusisitsufficient?– Canweusewoodforheatingandcooking?– Whataboutwildproducts(mushrooms)?

• Isdecontaminationjustified?– Longprocess,costly– Notsuretobeefficient(justmovingcontamination)– Productionofwaste– Decontaminationofforestunrealistic

1

Decontamination• Whatisthesenseof0.23µSv/h?• Technologyexistsbuthowtobesureitisproperlydone?

• However,itisimportantforfarmers• Contaminatedsoilhastoberemoved• RiskofdisseminationofCs,riskoftransfer• Amatterofbalancebetweenadvantagesanddisadvantages;ethicalvalues

2

Measurements• Weneverpaidattentionofdosebefore• Wewanttoknowthelevelofthecontamination• Dosimetersareprovidedbygovernment• Self-measurementofexternaldose,foodstuffs• Radioactivitybecomevisiblebut:– Long-termeffort– Aremobiledevicesreliable?(2devices->inconsistency)– Isittheroleofpopulationtomakemonitoring?

• Importanttocontrolfood,ashes• Somewildproductsarenotcontrolled

3

Measurements• Resultsshouldbeavailable(cf.incinerator)• Manydataisalreadyavailable(TV,newspapers…)butexplanationisneededtoo

• Expertsareneeded.Butsometimetheyhavecontroversialopinions.Howtogettrust?Abetterliaisonwithexpertsisexpected

• Japanesepeopleshouldbemoreeducated• Comparisonmaybeuseful(naturalbackground,cosmicradiationinaircraft)butnotsufficient

• Measurementsarevariable(itisnormalbutcalibrationisneeded)

4

Measurements• Whatmeanssafe?• Amatterofperception.Itisemotional• EvenifthelevelinFukushimaislowerthaninTokyo,itiscontamination

5

Waste• Alotofflexiblecontainerseverywhere(cf.road288).Theyshouldberemoved

• Fearaboutpotentialdose,qualityofenvironment,leaks

• Thestepbystepprocessiscomplex(big-bags+ISF+finaldisposal)

• Isitrealistic?– Time:temporarybecomelong-term– Transportation(toomuchmaterial)– Siteacceptance

• Thereisalackofinformationthedetailedevolutionalongthetime 6

Waste• SomepeopleareagainstISFbutnotthemajority• ForthesitingISF,only10%oflandownershavealreadycontractswithgovernment;theyarewishingtocooperatebuttheyneedproperinformation

• Abettercooperationbetweenmunicipalitiesisneeded

• PrefectureofFukushimashouldbeinvolved,withbetterliaisewithmunicipalities

• Itisimportancetoreducevolume;butsomefearsaboutreuseandrecycling

7

Waste• NotonlytheproblemofFukushimabutofJapanandevenworldwild

• Solidarityisneeded

8

Day1Reportsession2Working group3

Howtheylivethefiveyearssincetheaccident?

• Therewerefewpeopleknowingwhathappenedatthereactoratthetimeoftheaccident

• Learningfromresearchershowtomeasurethefood.Ifoundthatmanyvegetablesareeatable.Ihavenomoreconcernwithfood

• Iwasconcernedtostayoutsidethecommunityandwasconcernedtoparticipateanddosomethingtothecommunity

• IreallylearnfromDialogueseminars.Itchangemyview• Thereisalargedifferencebetweenbeinganexpertandliving

inthesituation

1

Should we continuetheprogrammeinthefutureinthedifferent domains?

• Questiononwhetherornotwewanttoliveintheareaisadifficultquestion

• Differentreasonsreported:– Naturalenvironment– Jobconstraints– Familyreasons– …

• Findacompromiseforthedecisiontoliveornotwithdifferentaspects(typeofrisk-assessment)

• Generationgapsincludingthetendencyforyounggenerationstomovetobiggercities.Howtoreversethesituation?

2


• Foryounggenerations,radiationwasthereasonformotherstomovefromtheregionanddifficulttocomeback

• Butnowthedecisiontoreturnwhiletheorderofevacuationisliftedisnotmainlyaradiationissue

• Distanceandtransportsaredifferentfromthepast:– Forjobsandschools– Fortheaccesstomedicalinfrastructureforelderlypeople

• Beautyofthevillageandthenaturalenvironment,aswellasdignityandproudnessofthevillagearecrucialforsomeinhabitants

• Importanceofhistoryandlegacy/heritageofthevillage

3


• Adilemma:Whytobuildaschoolifthereisnoorveryfewchildren?Buthowtomakethevillageattractivewithoutbuildingtheschool?

• Thereisaneedtodoatleastsmallthingstoallowtheimprovementofthesituationandfavourthereturnofpopulationonedayoranother

• Medicalinfrastructurehavebeenreinforcedaftertheaccidentbutstillaproblemofdistanceforaccesstospecialisedmedicalinstallations

• Needtodeveloptrainingofhealthprofessionalsforcopingwiththesituation

4


• Concernedwithshorttimeandsomeotherlongertime.– Livingenvironment(decontamination)thisisshortterm.– Foralongerterm,needtodevelopeconomicactivities.

• Currentlytherearemanyreconstructionactivitiescreatingjobs.

• Forattractingtheyounggenerationsthereisaneedtohavealongertermperspectivecreatingotherjobsopportunitiesandnotonlyreconstructionworks.

• Usefulnesstohavea5yearsvisionandaprogrammeclearlyidentifiedandsharedbytheinhabitants

5

Issuesonincinerators

• Concernontheriskassociatedwiththepresenceofincineratorinthevillage

• Notreallygoodtohaveitinourbackyardbutatthesametimenecessarytoinstallit

• Lackofvisibilityontheriskandlimiteddiscussionwithauthoritiesonthisissue:isitsafeornotforyoungpeople?

• Norealdiscussiononalternativeoptions

6

Future

• Nopossibletocomebacktotheprevioussituation• Needtocreateprojectsforthefuture• Need foranewdirection• Importanceofcommunity:largelydisturbedafterthe

accident• Needtomaintainthehistoryandtraditionsandreconstruct

thecommunity• Importanceofrestoringtheleadershipwithinthecommunity

forthefuture

7

Day2Reportsession3Working group3

Actionstaken forthedecontamination ofyourtown

• Inmostofthecases,asignificantroleformunicipalities(outsidethe20kmzone)

• Firstprioritiesbythemunicipalityforschoolyard• Alargepartperformedbycitizensthemselvesatthevery

beginningwithgeneralinformationfromthemediabutwithoutadvicesfrommunicipalityservices

• Peoplewantedtoconfirmifitwaspossibletoliveornot• Significantcostforeachhouse• Differentbehaviour:decontaminationornotwhenthe

contaminationlevelisratherlow

1


• Difficultytounderstandwhatiscorrectorwrong• Decontaminationwastheprocesstoputawaythe

contaminatedmaterial- noscientificwaybutputawaythecontaminatedmaterial

• Problemwithleavesandtreestotreatthesoilfordecontamination

• Allpeoplewanttobetreatedfairlyandwanttheirareatobedecontaminatedtoensuresafetyeveniftheimplementationtookmoretimethanexpected(severalyearsforcertainlocations)

2


• Timelinefordecontaminationaftertheaccident– Insomeplaces,decontaminationisdone4-5yearsaftertheaccident

• Todaythereisacertainknowledgebutstillstickontheproceduresdevelopedin2011

3

Forestdecontamination

• Forestdecontaminationisdifferentfromregiontoregion• 20mfromthehouseisplanedtobedecontaminatedbutif

surroundedbyforestrysometimesdifficulttogetsignificantresults

• Peoplewithchildrendonottrustitwillbesufficient• Itisnecessarytohaveabetterconsiderationofspecific

situations

4

Waste management

• Dependingonthemunicipalitytheplasticbagswereputtogetherorkeptathome

• TransportationisjuststartedinFukushimacityforexample• Peoplewanttoseetheplasticbagstobemovedassoonas

possiblebuttheyhaveonlylittleconcernforsafetyaboutthem

• Insomecases,thelocationforinterimstoragetookalongtimetobeselectedandresidentswereawareaboutthissituation

• Ontheopposite,someevacueesdon’twanttocomebackbecausetheyconsiderplasticbagsasreallydangerous

5

Waste management

• Discussionontheincinerator:notwellknown.Peopleareanxiousaboutincineratorofwaste

• Theimpactmayoccurseveralyearslater– thinkabouttheradioactivityofthewaste

• Incineratingmaterial,mostofthepeopleareagainst• Whenitcomestoreuseitmaybedangeroustohumanand

needtobeconsideredseriously• Peopleneverhadinformationonthereuseofmaterials• Psychologicallythisisquitesensitive• Thereisalackofinformationonthisissueanditmakes

peopleuncomfortableandtheycan’tmaketheirownjudgement

6

the fifteenth dialogue october 1–2, 2016 kawauchivillage · • need to address issues from...

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