the end of wwii lesson 4.8. knight’s charge what is a genocide? what were the 4 “stages” of...
TRANSCRIPT
The End of WWII
LESSON 4.8
KNIGHT’S CHARGE• What is a genocide?
• What were the 4 “stages” of the Holocaust?
• Name 3 ways that discrimination was written into Nazi law.
• What was the difference between a concentration camp and a death camp?
WEIRD DISNEY FACT OF THE DAY!
THE AXIS POWERS ARE WINNING
• Germany invaded and CONQUERED France…The Allies have now lost a teammate.
• The AXIS is now controlling all of the moves in WWII.
ALL OUT WAR
• By this point, all of the countries involved have committed themselves to a Total War.
• Governments begin increasing their power by:
• Controlling the amount and flow of money by selling bonds.
• Rationing food and other goods
• Limiting the freedoms of certain groups of people (Germany-Jews, USA-Japanese, etc.)
WOMEN HELP WIN THE WAR• While the men went off to fight in
the war, women stayed behind to watch the home front.
• In WWII, you could argue that women in the U.S. actually WON the war. Without them, the U.S. military stood no chance.
• Women worked in the factories to produce weapons, ammunition, tanks, planes, etc.
THE ALLIES TURN THE TABLES• The U.S. attacked Japan and destroyed their entire Navy from the sky.
• The U.S. would use planes, loaded with new bombs and technologies, to directly attack naval based.
• This policy became known as “Island Hopping.”
• Island Hopping: Taking over one pacific island at a time to build military bases closer and closer to Japan.
MAJOR U.S. WORRY:• The U.S. had to worry about Japanese
Kamikaze (suicide) attacks
• These attacks presented a real and present danger to U.S. battleships and carriers.
• Kamikaze
• Kamikaze
THE ALLIES STRATEGIZE• The Allies wanted to attack the Axis from all sides
• They Started in Africa and wanted to advance up from Africa through Italy.
• The Russians agreed to fight to push the Nazi’s out of Russia at the same time.
• The battle of Stalingrad is the key battle and victory for Russia.
THE BATTLE OF STALINGRAD
• Stalingrad….One of the bloodiest battles of WWII (Russia vs. Germany)
• Enemy at the Gates 1
• Enemy at the Gates 2
THE ALLIES SURGE FORWARD
• The allies penetrated Europe through France
• D-Day:
• June 6th, 1944
• Fighting had happened against Italy in Northern Africa (Operation Torch)
• Against Germany on the Eastern Front (Stalingrad)
• D-Day = the last big push against Germany, the invasion of France.
• A multi-national, joint operation, involving decoys, land invasion, ships, paratroopers, to get into France and push Germany Back
ALLIES WIN!
• Thanks to the overwhelming success of the D-Day land, air, and sea invasions, the Allies were able to surround the Nazi forces.
• Hitler, knowing that he had lost the war, committed suicide in his bunker.
• Mussolini would then be executed in the streets of Italy by his own people.
• VE-Day = Victory in Europe day.
• The European Axis powers surrendered on May 8 th, 1945.
VICTORY IN JAPAN• Island hopping had been the original strategy…but it was slow
and taking a while
• Sooo…
• We issued bombing raids and the fire-bombing of Tokyo which was extremely deadly…but effective
• Destroys over 50% of Tokyo’s industrial capacity
• One of the raids killed over 100,000 civilians….
• Fire Bombing of Tokyo
THE A-BOMB• The U.S. used the Manhattan Project in New York to
produce the world’s first atomic bombs.
• The U.S. would then drop two atomic bombs on Japan (Hiroshima and Nagasaki) to force them to surrender
• Bombs names?
• Fat Man and Little Boy!
HOW?
• Two B-29 bombers dropped the bombs over the cities:
• The Enola Gay – Carried “little boy.” Dropped on Hiroshima. Aug 6th 1945
• The Bockscar – Carried “fat man.” Dropped on Nagasaki. Aug 9th 1945.
STATISTICS• Hiroshima – Blast was equal to 13,000 tons of
TNT. Killed 80,000 people. Destroyed 90% of the city.
• Yet, after all of this, Japan still refused to surrender…
• So the U.S. dropped “fat boy” on Nagasaki
• Nagasaki – Instantly killed (vaporized) approximately 40,000 people. Blast equalled roughly 21,000 tons of TNT
RESULTS• EVERYONE (including the US) was horrified by the destruction
• VJ-Day – Victory in Japan (they finally surrender). September 2nd, 1945.
• An estimated 200,000 people died as a result of injuries and radiation poisoning from the bombs.
JUSTIFICATION FOR DROPPING THE BOMB
• President Truman has to make a decision between invading Japan or dropping the bomb
• The justification was that it would save American soldiers lives if they did not have to invade