the effects of wwi social studies 10. do now what do you think happens to the losers of a war?

The Effects of WWI The Effects of WWI

Social Studies 10Social Studies 10

Do NowDo Now

What do you think happens to the losers What do you think happens to the losers of a war?of a war?

So now that we know how So now that we know how the war started and what the war started and what happened….happened….

What happened AFTER the war?What happened AFTER the war?

Questions to answer Questions to answer todaytoday

1. How did WWI change Europe?1. How did WWI change Europe?

2. How might the nations of the world 2. How might the nations of the world prevent another world war?prevent another world war?

Words to know:Words to know:

Fourteen Points: Fourteen Points: U.S. President Wilson’s 14 ideas about what countries U.S. President Wilson’s 14 ideas about what countries should do to stay peaceful.should do to stay peaceful.

Self-determinationSelf-determination: the right countries in Europe have to be their : the right countries in Europe have to be their ownown nation. Ex: U.S.A. became independentnation. Ex: U.S.A. became independent

League of NationsLeague of Nations: A group of countries that worked for peace after : A group of countries that worked for peace after WWI.WWI.

Buffer zone:Buffer zone: Area of land that separates enemy nations Area of land that separates enemy nations ReparationsReparations: Payments the loser of a war has to make to help other : Payments the loser of a war has to make to help other

countries recover.countries recover. MandatesMandates: land in one area that is under the control of another country. : land in one area that is under the control of another country.

Ex: Iraq was a Ex: Iraq was a mandatemandate of Great Britain after WWI. of Great Britain after WWI. Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson: The president of the U.S. when World War I ended.: The president of the U.S. when World War I ended. Rhineland:Rhineland: buffer zone between France and Germany. buffer zone between France and Germany. Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles: Peace agreement made in France after WWI that : Peace agreement made in France after WWI that

punished Germany for the war.punished Germany for the war.

TreatyTreaty

A A treaty treaty is a peace agreementis a peace agreement.. Have Have you ever gotten in a fight with someone? How you ever gotten in a fight with someone? How did you make peace? How do you think did you make peace? How do you think countries make peace countries make peace treatiestreaties after war? Do after war? Do you think that after a peace agreement is you think that after a peace agreement is made, both sides are completely happy?made, both sides are completely happy?

Take 3-5 minutes to answer in your journalsTake 3-5 minutes to answer in your journals

Drawing up the Drawing up the treatytreaty

The leaders of Italy, France, Great Britain The leaders of Italy, France, Great Britain and Woodrow Wilson from the U.S. led and Woodrow Wilson from the U.S. led talks to answer 2 questionstalks to answer 2 questions

1. 1. How can weHow can we prevent future wars?prevent future wars? 2. and who should take responsibility 2. and who should take responsibility

for the damage of World War I?for the damage of World War I?

Meeting in France: The Meeting in France: The Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles

In 1919, the leaders of Italy, France, In 1919, the leaders of Italy, France, Great Britain and U.S.A. met in Great Britain and U.S.A. met in Versailles, France to talk about those 2 Versailles, France to talk about those 2 questions.questions.

The leaders together were known as: The leaders together were known as: The Big FourThe Big Four

I. The Big Four

I. The Big FourI. The Big Four

A.A. United StatesUnited States – Wilson – Wilson11.“Peace without victory”:.“Peace without victory”: no winner or loser – treat all no winner or loser – treat all countries fairlycountries fairly

2. 2. 14 Points A. fourteen ideasA. fourteen ideas B. B. plan to prevent futplan to prevent fut

ure warsure wars

3. 3. “Stubborn” and Idealist“Stubborn” and Idealistno bargaining or negotiations no bargaining or negotiations (compromise) perfect vision of (compromise) perfect vision of the future.the future.

The 14 PointsThe 14 Points

Here are just a few of Wilson’s points:Here are just a few of Wilson’s points:- End secret deals between nations End secret deals between nations - Keep Keep neutral neutral ships safe at sea during warships safe at sea during war- European nations should all be treated fairlyEuropean nations should all be treated fairly- Different nations should have the right to form Different nations should have the right to form

their own nations. their own nations. Self Determination.Self Determination.- Form the Form the League of NationsLeague of Nations: Organization of : Organization of

nations that worked for world peace and to nations that worked for world peace and to stop wars before they startedstop wars before they started


B. France – ClemenceauB. France – Clemenceau

1. 1. Alsace-Loraine:: province that Germany province that Germany took in 1871- France took in 1871- France wanted it back!wanted it back!

2. France wanted harsh 2. France wanted harsh treatment of Germanytreatment of Germany


C. Great Britain – Lloyd GeorgeC. Great Britain – Lloyd George1. Moderate punishment of 1. Moderate punishment of Germany Germany

Some punishment – Some punishment – Why?Why?

They didn’t have as many They didn’t have as many casualties (deaths or injuries casualties (deaths or injuries and weren’t as hurt as and weren’t as hurt as France)France)

BUT Great Britain still BUT Great Britain still wanted to protect the wanted to protect the EmpireEmpire

A. A. Larger empire Larger empire on earthon earth

B. Great Britain B. Great Britain DIDN’T agree DIDN’T agree with with self self determination:determination: the right of the right of countries to form countries to form their own nation their own nation states.states.

WHY? Because WHY? Because then they would then they would lose some landlose some land


D. Italy – OrlandoD. Italy – Orlando1. Lands from Austria-1. Lands from Austria-HungaryHungary – land and islands– land and islands

Before WWI – Triple AllianceBefore WWI – Triple Alliance Switch sides after WWI starSwitch sides after WWI star

ts ts

2. Left Conference in anger2. Left Conference in anger3. Get little at final treaty3. Get little at final treaty

Point of DisagreementPoint of Disagreement

U.S.A: U.S.A:

President Wilson just President Wilson just wanted peace. He didn’t wanted peace. He didn’t think that the Central think that the Central Powers should be Powers should be punished too harshly punished too harshly because they may get because they may get angry and try to start angry and try to start another war.another war.

Point of DisagreementPoint of Disagreement

FranceFrance::

Disagreed with Wilson. Disagreed with Wilson. They believed that They believed that Germany should be Germany should be punished so it was as punished so it was as weak as possible. weak as possible.

Then Germany wouldn’t Then Germany wouldn’t be able to start another be able to start another war.war.

Answer in your journal:Answer in your journal:

Why do you think France wanted such a Why do you think France wanted such a harsh punishment for Germany after harsh punishment for Germany after World War I?World War I?

Motives for the treaty: Motives for the treaty: The Trauma of WWIThe Trauma of WWI

WWI caused a huge WWI caused a huge number of number of casualties: casualties: deaths deaths or injuriesor injuries

% of Casualties by % of Casualties by countrycountry

Russia: Russia: sent 12,000,000 troopssent 12,000,000 troops76.3% were killed or hurt76.3% were killed or hurt

- France: France: sent 8.410,000 troopssent 8.410,000 troops76.3% were killed or hurt76.3% were killed or hurt

- Britain Britain sent 8,904,467 troopssent 8,904,467 troops35.8% were killed or hurt35.8% were killed or hurt

- Germany Germany sent 11,000,000 troops sent 11,000,000 troops 64.9% were killed or hurt64.9% were killed or hurt

- The U.S. The U.S. sent 4,355,000 troops sent 4,355,000 troops 8.2 %were killed or hurt8.2 %were killed or hurt

What do you notice about What do you notice about the % of Russian and the % of Russian and German casualties?German casualties?

Russia: Russia: sent 12,000,000 troopssent 12,000,000 troops

76.3% were killed or hurt76.3% were killed or hurt

- - Germany Germany sent 11,000,000 troops sent 11,000,000 troops

64.9% were killed or hurt64.9% were killed or hurt

Before and after in Before and after in FranceFrance

A hotel before:A hotel before:

And after…..And after…..

http://www.gwpda.org/photos/bin12/imag1130.jpg

Village HallVillage Hall

Before….Before….


And after…..And after…..


CourthouseCourthouse

Before….Before….


After…..After…..


Answer the following Answer the following questions in your journal:questions in your journal:

1. How do you feel when you see these 1. How do you feel when you see these images?images?

2. Why is it 2. Why is it significantsignificant that major buildings that major buildings like the courthouse, city hall, and hotels were like the courthouse, city hall, and hotels were destroyeddestroyed

3. How long do you think it would take to re-3. How long do you think it would take to re-build these buildings and communities?build these buildings and communities?

4. How much do you think it would cost?4. How much do you think it would cost? 5. Can a community EVER really recover from 5. Can a community EVER really recover from

such destruction?such destruction?

Based on what you have Based on what you have learned today…learned today…

How were France’s goals for the How were France’s goals for the treaty treaty (peace agreements) different from U.S. (peace agreements) different from U.S. goals?goals?

What would France want from Germany, What would France want from Germany, the country that destroyed so much of the country that destroyed so much of their land?their land?

Would those desires be reasonable or Would those desires be reasonable or fair?fair?

U.S. perspective:U.S. perspective:

Why do you think the U.S. may have a Why do you think the U.S. may have a more more idealistic idealistic perspective on how to perspective on how to resolve things between countries after resolve things between countries after the war?the war?

They didn’t lose as much!They didn’t lose as much!

No battles fought on US landNo battles fought on US land Not nearly as many casualties from the Not nearly as many casualties from the

U.S.U.S.

VENN DIAGRAMVENN DIAGRAM

-Many soldiers hurt or killed in W

WI-A lot of land and cities were destr

oyed-Wanted a very harsh punishment

for Germany

-Not very many soldiers hurt or killed i

n WWI-No battles fought

on U.S. ground-Wanted “Peace wi

thout Victory”-Wanted to go “eas

y” on Germany

Part of the Allied P

owersWent to peace talks at the Treaty of Versailles

FranceU.S.A.

Both

Why harsh treatment of Why harsh treatment of Germany?Germany?

1. 1. France waFrance was hurts hurt a a lotlot by the by the war – Weswar – Western Fronttern Front

2. 2. Weak GerWeak Germany wonmany won’t attack ’t attack France in France in the futurethe future..

=

=

Resolutions?Resolutions?

Compromise for Compromise for WilsonWilson

http://finickypenguin.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/compromise.jpg

NOT all nations agreed NOT all nations agreed with the 14 Points.with the 14 Points.

The most important The most important point for Wilson was point for Wilson was setting up the setting up the League of NationsLeague of Nations..

SO he was willing to SO he was willing to agree to harsher agree to harsher punishment for punishment for Germany than he Germany than he would have liked.would have liked.

http://knowledgenews.net/moxie/moxiepix/a1907.jpg

Results of The Treaty of Results of The Treaty of VersaillesVersailles

The bad side of compromiseThe bad side of compromise

Compromise – decision after bargaining

1.No one is happy

Self-DeterminationSelf-Determination Definition: right of different nationalities to Definition: right of different nationalities to

form their own nation states instead of form their own nation states instead of being easily taken over by other countriesbeing easily taken over by other countries

In Europe ONLY…British empire is safe.In Europe ONLY…British empire is safe. New countries in Eastern EuropeNew countries in Eastern Europe

What happened to What happened to Germany?Germany?

1. Lost all African and Asian Colonies1. Lost all African and Asian Colonies

2. Army cut down to 2. Army cut down to 100,000100,000

http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51APZ0CP4KL._SL500_AA240_.jpg

Weapons Reduction Weapons Reduction

ONLY GermanyONLY Germany

100,000100,000 soldiers soldiers No navyNo navy No air forceNo air force

3. No more building 3. No more building submarines!submarines!

http://farm1.static.flickr.com/15/21349370_929360c6d6.jpg?v=0

4. Return land to France4. Return land to France

And create And create buffer zone: buffer zone: area where area where Germany was never allowed to put Germany was never allowed to put soldiers.soldiers.

In France this land was the In France this land was the RhinelandRhineland..

6. Germany had to take 6. Germany had to take FULL BLAME for starting the FULL BLAME for starting the WarWar

http://i5.photobucket.com/albums/y164/wteach/demotivational/blame.jpg

Germany had to pay Germany had to pay RepaReparationsrations

money paid by money paid by losers to winnlosers to winner of a warer of a war

3737 billion US billion US

D (around D (around 11 tri trillion USD)llion USD)

hurt German ehurt German economyconomy

Germans couldn’t afford Germans couldn’t afford to payto pay

http://www.clipartheaven.com/clipart/money/empty_pockets.gif

Main Ideas Main Ideas

Fill in a “Main Idea” worksheet.Fill in a “Main Idea” worksheet. Write in the main idea: “The Write in the main idea: “The Treaty of Treaty of

Versailles Versailles punished Germany Harshly.punished Germany Harshly.

Fill in details that support that idea from Fill in details that support that idea from your notes and/or the textbook.your notes and/or the textbook.

Answer the following in Answer the following in your journalyour journal

How do you think Germany felt after How do you think Germany felt after World War I?World War I?

What happened to What happened to Europe?Europe?

World War I changed Europe a lot.World War I changed Europe a lot. 1. Germany and Austria-Hungary lost a 1. Germany and Austria-Hungary lost a

lot of landlot of land 2. And Russia also lost a lot of land 2. And Russia also lost a lot of land

because they had to leave the war early.because they had to leave the war early. - 5 new countries were created with the - 5 new countries were created with the

land that Russia lost! (Poland, Finland, land that Russia lost! (Poland, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia)Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia)


Austria and Hungary became 2 separate Austria and Hungary became 2 separate countries.countries.


Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia were Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia were created.created.


Poland and Romania got bigger because Poland and Romania got bigger because they got land from Austria and Hungary.they got land from Austria and Hungary.

Ottoman Empire endedOttoman Empire ended

http://www.dartmouth.edu/~gov46/ottoman-empire-1580.gif

Lands in Southwest AsiaLands in Southwest Asia

Became Became mandatesmandates: under the control of : under the control of another country.another country.

Syria became a French mandate Syria became a French mandate Iraq and Palestine became British Iraq and Palestine became British

mandates mandates

The League of NationsThe League of Nations

Group of countries to prevent future warGroup of countries to prevent future warss

Americans didn’t want to join Americans didn’t want to join even thought Wilson was the even thought Wilson was the one who wanted it!one who wanted it!

So what happened with So what happened with the League of Nations?the League of Nations?

Met for the 1Met for the 1stst time in 1920 WITHOUT time in 1920 WITHOUT the U.S.! the U.S.!

Americans didn’t want to join the League Americans didn’t want to join the League of Nations because they didn’t want to of Nations because they didn’t want to get involved in the problems of Europe.get involved in the problems of Europe.

Only lasted until 1940. Only lasted until 1940.

Answer the following Answer the following questions before you leave:questions before you leave:

1. What are the key points of the 1. What are the key points of the Treaty Treaty of Versaillesof Versailles and and Woodrow Wilson’s Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points?14 Points?

2. Why was the 2. Why was the League of NationsLeague of Nations a a failure?failure?

3. How did the map of Europe and 3. How did the map of Europe and Southwest Asia change after WWI and Southwest Asia change after WWI and the the Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles??

HomeworkHomework

Read through pages 418-422 in your book and Read through pages 418-422 in your book and make picture notecards for the following terms:make picture notecards for the following terms:

Fourteen PointsFourteen Points Self-determinationSelf-determination League of NationsLeague of Nations Buffer ZoneBuffer Zone ReparationsReparations MandatesMandates

Do Now:Do Now:

Last time you learned about the effects of Last time you learned about the effects of WWI. Write the definitions for the WWI. Write the definitions for the following vocabulary words:following vocabulary words:

14 Points14 Points Woodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson ReparationsReparations Buffer ZoneBuffer Zone NeutralNeutral

Reading Lesson on Reading Lesson on Effects of WWIEffects of WWI

Now we are going to read over the Now we are going to read over the chapter on the effects of WWI together chapter on the effects of WWI together

Before you readBefore you read

First we’ll read the “Before You Read” First we’ll read the “Before You Read” questions to get an idea of what the whole questions to get an idea of what the whole section is going to be about:section is going to be about:

1. How did World War I change Europe?1. How did World War I change Europe? 2. How might nations of the world prevent 2. How might nations of the world prevent

another world war?another world war?

IntroductionIntroduction

What does it tell us about the section?What does it tell us about the section?

The war ended and the Allies had to The war ended and the Allies had to figure out:figure out:

1. How to prevent future wars1. How to prevent future wars 2. Who should take the blame for the 2. Who should take the blame for the

war?war?

Let’s think of questions the Let’s think of questions the first heading will answer first heading will answer together:together:

Wilson’s PlanWilson’s Plan Let’s read through the section once and Let’s read through the section once and

think of a few questions we could ask a think of a few questions we could ask a student who has just read this section.student who has just read this section.

Questions:Questions:

Who was Wilson and what was his plan?Who was Wilson and what was his plan?

The League of NationsThe League of Nations

Questions:Questions: 1. What is the 1. What is the League of NationsLeague of Nations and and

what were the goals of the what were the goals of the LeagueLeague??

2. How did other leaders besides Wilson 2. How did other leaders besides Wilson feel about Germany’s punishment?feel about Germany’s punishment?

A Harsh TreatyA Harsh Treaty

Why was the treaty harsh?Why was the treaty harsh?

A New Look for EuropeA New Look for Europe

How did the map of Europe change after How did the map of Europe change after the Treaty of Versailles was made?the Treaty of Versailles was made?

Map ActivityMap Activity

To help you understand a bit more about To help you understand a bit more about how the map of Europe changed after how the map of Europe changed after WWI and the Treaty of Versailles you are WWI and the Treaty of Versailles you are going to do a map coloring activity.going to do a map coloring activity.

Homework:Homework:

Answer all of the questions you wrote Answer all of the questions you wrote down as you read today.down as you read today.

ReviewReview

Study GuideStudy Guide

the effects of wwi social studies 10. do now what do you think happens to the losers of a war?

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