wwii/cold war lecture 1 –i. background a. depression continues b. wwi affects losers –1....
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WWII/Cold WarLecture 1
– I. Background• A. Depression Continues• B. WWI Affects Losers
– 1. Devastated Economies– 2. Wounded National Pride– 3. Ruthless Dictatorships Rise
II. Dictatorship Rise
– A. Germany, Italy, Japan• 1. Promise Of Return To Glory• 2. Italy-Benito Mussolini
– Fascism
• 3. Germany – Adolf Hitler-Nazi Party & The Third Reich
-Anti-Semitism
• 4. Japan-Hideki Tojo-island aggression
• 5. Tripartite Pact Formed 1940
B. World Response
• 1. Great Britain – Winston Churchill,• France-Charles de Gaulle• -appeasement• -war Sept. 1939• 2. US• - Isolationism• - Neutrality Acts of 1930’s• Lend-lease program
III. US Enters War
• A. Pearl Harbor Attacked• 1. 8 Large Ships Sunk, 200 Planes Lost• 2. 2,400 dead• B. US Declares War on Japan Dec 8, 1941• 1. December 11, Japan, Germany, Italy
Reciprocate• 2. Axis Powers – Japan, Germany, Italy• 3. Allied Powers – US, Great Britian, France
C. Many Fronts
• 1. Europe• - Germany, Italy• -Rhineland & Much of Europe• -1942 Germany, attacks Russia (Russia
joins Allied Powers)• 2. Pacific• -Japan• -Manchuria, Midway, Guadalcanal
D. Victory In Europe 1943-1945• 1.Normandy, Battle of the Bulge
• 2. Holocaust
• 3. Hitler-Suicide April 30, 1945
• -May 8, Germany surrenders.
E. Victory In The Pacific
• 1. Island Hopping• -Guam, Phillipines, Japan• -many lives lost• 2. FDR Dies-Harry Truman President• -Truman warns Japan• -Japan refuses to surrender• 3. Manhattan Project• -atomic bomb• -Albert Einstein, Robert Oppenheimer
4.Uranium Bomb Dropped
• - called “Little Boy”• -Aug 6, 1945 on Hiroshima, Japan• -70,000 Dead, 70,000 Injured• 5. Plutonium Bomb Dropped• - called “Fat Man”• -Aug 9, 1945 on Nagasaki, Japan• -40,000 Dead, 40,000 Injured• 6. Japan Surrenders• -Aug 14, 1945• -formal surrender Sept. 2• -WWII ends
WW II Lec 2
• I. Background
• A. Shift to War Production
• 1. Challenges
• - WWI & Depression
• - Massive Organization
• More sacrifices
II. War Economy
• A. Office of War Mobilization• 1. Production of War materials• - auto industry• -cost-plus system• -new market methods• B. Union Workers• 1. Increases strikes, John L. Lewis• 2. Wildcat strikes
C. War Financing
• 1. federal spending increases
• 2. Taxes raised
• 3. Deficit spending
• D. Shortages
• Metal, rubber, fabric, gas
• Sugar coffee meat rationing
E. Women’s role
• All ages working, very successful• Discrimination continues, mental, physical,
racial• Post-war jobs loss• III. Racial struggles• A. Employment• 1. Greater opportunities• 2. Discrimination continues
B. Blacks
• 1. South Jim Crow Laws
• 2. North-De facto Discrimination
• 3. Black organization
• “double V campaign”
• 4. Phillip Randolph
C. Hispanics
• 1. Discrminated
• 2. Major gains 1944
• - braceros program
• Zoot soot riots
• D. native Americans
• 1. Many in War
• 2. Cultural transition-Alienation
E. Japanese
• 1. Anti-Japanese sentiment
• 2. Sabotage fears
• 3. Executive Order 9066 (1942)
• - War Relocation Authority
• Internment camps
WWII/Cold WarLecture 3
• I. Background• A. End of WWII• 1. US-Soviet Divisions• -capitalism vs communism• II. Wartime Problems• A. Tehran & Yalta Conferences• 1. Big 3 Meet• 2. Germany-4 Occupation Zones• -vague agreement
B. Western Front
• 1. US Delay With Help
• C. Atomic Bomb Development
• 1. British in-soviets out
• III. Post Way Path
• A. US Stance
• 1. Democracy (liberty, equality, rep. gov., worldwide markets)
B. Soviet Stance
• 1. Communism (workers unite and share, totalitarian dictatorship)
• C. Cold War Begins• 1. Cold War (indirect conflict & tension)• -1917 & 1939 divisions• Stalin 1946 Speech• -strengthen military• Survival against west• 3. Churchill 1946 Speech• - “Iron Curtain” has descended• - stop communist movement
IV. Containment Policy
• A. Peace Organizations
• 1. League of Nations Failure
• 2. United Nations 1945
• B. Truman Doctrine 1947
• 1. US Support Policy
• 2. Greece & Turkey Aid
C. Marshall Plan
• 1.Main Obj. – Counter Soviet Expansion & Open New Markets
• 2. European Recovery Program.• -17 bill total over 4 years• -Soviet non-participation• -Berlin airlift• D. Other Developments• 1. NATO 1949• 2. NSC-68• 3. Satellite Nations
V. Broadening Containment
• A. Korean War• 1. 38th Parallel – N & S Korea• B. Vietnam War• 1. France, N & S Vietnam• 2. Domino Theory• C. Middle East• 1. Israel & Arab States• 2. Oil Supplies• D. Latin America• 1. Cuba-Castro