“the dead also can follow the mas bands on the carnival parades...” “the carnival mas bands...

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“The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO

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Page 1: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

“The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...”

“The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO

“The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...”

“The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO

Page 2: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

“Between the Two Worlds” describes the spiritual help to the incarnate workers of the

Gospel, who were facing great dangers.

‘Nas fronteiras da Loucura’ (On the Border of Insanity) describes the aid activities developed by a big spiritual

team to save both incarnate and discarnate, under the guidance of the spirit Dr.

Bezerra de Menezes during the days Brazilians celebrated Carnival in Rio de

Janeiro in the year 1982.

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Vibrational atmosphere around the EarthVibrational atmosphere around the Earth

“Right after I returned to my spiritual life, I noticed that there were

concentric vibrational bands which envolved the Earth. These

vibrational bands started by the most condensed ones, closest to

the physical area, until the most subtle ones, distant from the

human movement on the Earth crust. They are vitalized by the

successive mental waves emitted by the Earth inhabitants, who

also undergo their pernitious condensed influence.”

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 135

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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MENTAL CONCENTRATIONMENTAL CONCENTRATION

“The great mental concentration of millions of people, in their eargerness for

Carnival celebrations, the irradiations emmitted by the ones who participated

actively in it, and the ones who, for any reason, were feeling refrained from

taking part in the celebrations, would negativelly affect the immense trevous

area, which in its turn would affect back the ones responsible for its

maintainence...”

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity)– p. 137

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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Collective ObsessionsCollective Obsessions

“During Carnival, regretful collective obsessions

are installed to numb millions of people, decimate

existences, and hallucinate valuable individuals

who are linked to beautiful dignifying projects.”

Source: Entre os Dois Mundos (Between The Two Worlds) – p. 61

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

Page 6: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

• Looking more accurately, I could notice, despite the strong light, there was a thick cloud, in

which another crowd agitated itself. It was a discarnate crowd, meshing with terrestrial

creatures. Both crowds were mixed up in such a way that it would be difficult to establish the

border separating each one of the living vibrational bands.

AffinityAffinity

by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, dictated by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA.

Source: ENTRE OS DOIS MUNDOS (Between the Two Worlds), CAPÍTULO 4

by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, dictated by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA.

Source: ENTRE OS DOIS MUNDOS (Between the Two Worlds), CAPÍTULO 4

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Volunteer Victims of the Future Suffering

• “Making it unbearable to the volunteer victims of the future suffering, the spiritual parasites

who stick to them, the obsessors who dominate them, exploiting their energies, push them to the abyss of lust, of moral harm, of violence, so

that they would keep them under a climate appropriate to the exaustive exploitation of their

complete forces.

Dictated to DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA. Source: Between the Two Worlds, CAPÍTULO 4

Dictated to DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA. Source: Between the Two Worlds, CAPÍTULO 4

Page 8: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

• After the wave of intoxication of the senses, the ashes of the party will be present in the tired

bodies, befuddled minds, ungoverned emotions, and the individuals will wake up with immense difficulty to readjust to normal life, to

ethical conventions, in need of continuing in the same bacchanalia until the consumption of their

entire energy.

Difficulty to adjust to the normal life Difficulty to adjust to the normal life

Dictated to DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA. Source: Between the Two Worlds, CAPÍTULO 4

Dictated to DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA. Source: Between the Two Worlds, CAPÍTULO 4

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Spiritual BesetSpiritual Beset

“Because of the emotional break-downs promoted by the

festivity exagerations of the less vigilant creatures, there

is a disturbing spiritual beset on earthly society, when

legions of unhappy idle perverse spirits are attracted to

and sincronized with disadjusted minds”

Source: ‘Entre os Dois Mundos’ (Between The Two Worlds) – p. 61

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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Stopping the growing wave of sensuality

• It is very difficult, at this moment, to stop the growing wave of sensuality, eroticity, depravity,

on the terrestrial glebe, especially in determined countries.

• That happens because authorities who lead some cities and nations, with some

understanding exceptions, are more concerned with deceiving electors than

interested in their education.

Dictated to DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA. Source: Between the Two Worlds, CAPÍTULO 4

Dictated to DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA. Source: Between the Two Worlds, CAPÍTULO 4

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The Origins of CarnivalThe Origins of Carnival

1. Popular feasts of primitive peoples, which would

dedicate themselves to the collective pleasures;

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 52

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

2. Roman feasts, called Saturnalia, when they sacrificed a human victim, previously chosen;

2. Roman feasts, called Saturnalia, when they sacrificed a human victim, previously chosen;

3. Bacchanalia, in Greece, when people honored god Dyonisius. (Dr. Bezerra de Menezes)

3. Bacchanalia, in Greece, when people honored god Dyonisius. (Dr. Bezerra de Menezes)

Page 12: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

Words meaningWords meaning

1. Saturnalia = Roman feasts honoring

Saturn (the Roman god of agriculture), in which licensing

and orgy were predominant.

Sources: Enciclopédia e dicionário ilustrado (Encyclopedia and Illustrated Dictionary), by Abrahão

Koogam and Antônio Houaiss.

2. Bacchanalia = a dissolute feast; debauchery; orgy. Ancient feasts honoring Bacchus.

Bacchus = Roman god of wine

Dionysus = The ancient Greek god of wine

2. Bacchanalia = a dissolute feast; debauchery; orgy. Ancient feasts honoring Bacchus.

Bacchus = Roman god of wine

Dionysus = The ancient Greek god of wine

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Reasons for the feastsReasons for the feasts

Need of discharging the tensions and

repressions, according to studies on behaviour

and psyche.

Dr. Bezerra de Menezes

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 52

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

Page 14: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

Etimology of the word ‘Carnival’Etimology of the word ‘Carnival’

Etymology: from Latin "carnem levare" (eliminar a carne). Italian carnevale,

alteration of earlier carnelevare, literally, removal of meat, from carne flesh

(from Latin carn-, caro) + levare to remove, from Latin, to raise. www.m-w.com

According to Dr. Bezerra de Menezes, the word “Carnaval” (“Carnival” in

Portuguese) is an acronym built up from the expression

“CARne NAda VALe”

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 54

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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Feast of the SensesFeast of the Senses

Feast of the bodies, of the physical senses,

in which creatures forget about the scruples,

and about the shame, tangled up in

alienation.

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 123

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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Reasoning for CARNIVALReasoning for CARNIVAL

“A revealing vibrational band of terrestrian human beings

moves back and forth between the limits of the instinct

and the prolegomenon of reasoning, rather eager for

sensuality than for superior emotions. It is natural that

the humanity allows itself to have the exagerations

repressed throughout a whole year sintonize with similar

entities. It is sad, however, that in regular days many of

them present themselves as Jesus followers.”

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 52

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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1. To the human eyes, the invisible population was excessively bigger than the incarnate;

2. They disputed over the vapirization of the incarnate victims, who were commanded remotely;

3. They estimulated the sensations and the alcoholic libations they took part in;

4. They ingested drugs through their companions’ incarnate bodies.

The invisible populationThe invisible population

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 24, 51, 112

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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5. connected itself to deplorable transgressions and orgies;

6. unbridled crowds attacked the burlesque transients, transmiting nefarious inductions;

7. lingering nefarious obsessive processes started up this way;

8. bestial and lupine like spirits, hangmen and techinicians in vampirazing the sexual tonus meshed

with innumerous incarnates in an allarming promiscuity.

The invisible populationThe invisible population

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity)

– p. 24, 51, 112

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

Page 19: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

What does the Spiritism teaches?

The thought modifies the environment. It attracts similar thoughts.

‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (On Carnival) - by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE

DE RIBEIRÃO PRETO, São Paulo (Brazil)

‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (On Carnival) - by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE

DE RIBEIRÃO PRETO, São Paulo (Brazil)

Page 20: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

The InspirationThe Inspiration

“Many people wearing costumes with gross

expressions had gotten inspired in visits to

inferior areas in the Lower Zone, where also

many horror masks and deformities costumes

were found in large numbers of copies”.

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 51

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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• 1. grave molestations installed themselves in those opportunities;

• 2. moral behaviours were altered because of the accelaration of the excessive appetites;

• 3. affection disturbances are brought about after those illusions;

• 4. lingering financial wreckage;• 5. delirious homicides, hallucinating suicides, cardiac arrests

provoked by the excess of exercises and power exhaustion;• 6. discarnations by the excessive use of drugs;

Nefarious ConsequencesNefarious Consequences

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 59 and 97

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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Mediunism during Carnival celebrationsMediunism during Carnival celebrations

“In the convulsive atmosphere of orgy, the medium

would end up assimilating high charges of pernicious

fluids, which would disturb his/her balance. This would

made her become an easy prey of nefarious spiritual

influences.”

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 167

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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The negative influence of televisionThe negative influence of television

“The advent of the TV... Brings to our homes high

burdens of information, which cannot be easily

diggested.

...Through TV, we watch programs with lots of negative

messages...

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 193-194

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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When the TV set is off, the TV watcher doesn’t get ridd

of the film with emotional content or the late news

broadcasted. As a natural consequence, s/he gets

agitated during the sleep detained in unsolved

wonderings or going for the captured suggestions. It

brings serious disturbances to her/his balance and to

his/her personal peace”.

The negative influence of televisionThe negative influence of television

Source: 'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura' (On the Border of Insanity)

– p. 193-194

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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• The television broadcasts Carnival celebrations as the peak of its program schedule, influencing even more the unvigilant minds. Even the more

well intentioned campaigns contribute to this reality.

‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (On Carnival) – by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE

from RIBEIRÃO PRETO, São Paulo - SP

‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (On Carnival) – by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE

from RIBEIRÃO PRETO, São Paulo - SP

The negative influence of televisionThe negative influence of television

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Explanations for the legalization

• More recently new explanations for the bacchanalia were found, under the mighty searchlights of the media and of tourism. They make the perveted cities, which are also tired of lust, become more profitable.

Psychographed by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA, extracted from ‘ENTRE OS DOIS MUNDO’ (Between

the Two Worlds), chapter 4

Psychographed by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA, extracted from ‘ENTRE OS DOIS MUNDO’ (Between

the Two Worlds), chapter 4

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Weird collective behaviours

• The weird collective behaviour indeed attracts the observant tourists. Those crowds are

considered underdeveloped, primitive, taking their times inside luxurious boxes, just like the

ancient Greeks contemplating the festive arenas, where legal homicides mixed

themselves up with the dancing, gladiator fights, and the obscene theatre...

Psychographed by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA, extracted from ‘ENTRE OS DOIS MUNDO’ (Between

the Two Worlds), chapter 4

Psychographed by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA, extracted from ‘ENTRE OS DOIS MUNDO’ (Between

the Two Worlds), chapter 4

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• How to forget one of the lessons of the collection of books dictated by the Spirit

ANDRÉ LUIZ, in which the author describes the migration of a phalanx of obscure spirits,

seeming like shadows getting closer to the Brazilian cities during Carnival celebrations?

• Using André Luiz’s words: ‘the air is unbreathable’.

The unbreathable air

‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (About Carnival) – by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE

from RIBEIRÃO PRETO, São Paulo - SP

‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (About Carnival) – by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE

from RIBEIRÃO PRETO, São Paulo - SP

Page 29: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

• Many Spiritists, naively, judge that the participation in mime’s fests, so adored by

Brazilians, doesn’t bring any evil to our psycho-spiritual integrity. And, in fact, there wouldn’t be any bigger damage, if they all were thinking and

playing in a healthy climate, of legitimate fraternity. Unfortunately, however, the reality is

pretty different.

‘O ESPÍRITA E O CARNAVAL’ (The Spiritist and Carnival) – by PEDRO FEGUNDES AZEVEDO

‘O ESPÍRITA E O CARNAVAL’ (The Spiritist and Carnival) – by PEDRO FEGUNDES AZEVEDO

O ESPÍRITA E O CARNAVALO ESPÍRITA E O CARNAVAL

Page 30: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

• According to an article published some time ago by Correio Brasiliense, an important

newspaper in Brasilia, the capital city of Brazil, a group of psychologists came to some

conclusions after studying about Carnival:

‘O ESPÍRITA E O CARNAVAL’ (The Spiritist and Carnival) - by PEDRO FEGUNDES AZEVEDO

‘O ESPÍRITA E O CARNAVAL’ (The Spiritist and Carnival) - by PEDRO FEGUNDES AZEVEDO

Conclusions on CarnivalConclusions on Carnival

Page 31: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

• “(...) For every 10 couples who go enthusiastically for Carnival, 7 finish the night arguing (they undergo scenes of jelousy and

intrigues); From the same 10 couples, 3 end up in adultery; For each 10 people (men and

women), at least 7 submit themselves to the use of alcohol or other drugs they usually are

intimidated by in their dayly routines (...)

‘O ESPÍRITA E O CARNAVAL’ (The Spiritist and Carnival) – by PEDRO FEGUNDES AZEVEDO

‘O ESPÍRITA E O CARNAVAL’ (The Spiritist and Carnival) – by PEDRO FEGUNDES AZEVEDO

Conclusions regarding CarnivalConclusions regarding Carnival

Page 32: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

• “This group of psychologists concluded that all that happens because of the

ecstasy atained during the huge celebrations of Carnival, when the feeling of freedom and equity, but also the orgy and depravity, estimulated by alcohol,

make people behave themselves outside their normal patterns (...)”.

‘O Espírita e o Carnaval’ (The Spiritist and Carnival)

– by Pedro Fegundes Azevedo

‘O Espírita e o Carnaval’ (The Spiritist and Carnival)

– by Pedro Fegundes Azevedo

Conclusions regarding CarnivalConclusions regarding Carnival

Page 33: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

Will Carnival come to an end one dayWill Carnival come to an end one day??

“Carnival is a vestige of barbarism and primitivism still

rulling on Earth. It will vanish from Earth when the pure

happiness, youth, satisfaction,and the real jubilation

replace the passions of violent pleasures and when

mankind awake to beauty, and to arts, without

aggressiveness or promiscuity.”

Source: ‘'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura'’ (On the Border of Insanity) – p. 52 and 53

by the Spirit 'Manoel P. Miranda'

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No Spirit in good reasoning and facing the common sense, which should preside the

existence of creatures, can make an eulogy to generalized insanity which make

the conscience fall asleep during the Carnival celebration.

Author:CHICO XAVIER (Medium)

EMMANUEL (Spirit)

Author:CHICO XAVIER (Medium)

EMMANUEL (Spirit)

Emmanuel’s opinionEmmanuel’s opinion

Page 35: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

During those moments of sentimental indiscipline, there is a large access from the

trevous forces to the hearts and sometimes a whole existence is not enough to make precise

repairings of one hour of insanity and forgetfulness of duties.

Author:CHICO XAVIER (Medium)

EMMANUEL (Spirit)

Author:CHICO XAVIER (Medium)

EMMANUEL (Spirit)

Emmanuel’s OpinionEmmanuel’s Opinion

Page 36: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

Instead of investing in similar celebrations, a highly meritorious action would be to use all that investiment in social assistance to the

needy of bread and warmth.

Author:CHICO XAVIER (Medium)

EMMANUEL (Spirit)

Author:CHICO XAVIER (Medium)

EMMANUEL (Spirit)

Emmanuel’s OpinionEmmanuel’s Opinion

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The SPIRITIST MUST MOVE AWAY OF REGRETTABLE PARTIES LIKE THAT WHICH

MARKS THE PASSAGE OF CARNIVAL, INCLUDING THE ONES THAT STAND OUT

FOR the EXCESSES OF GLUTTONY, DISORDERS OR EXTERIOR SPECTACULAR

DEMONSTRATIONS.

Andre Luiz’s OpinionAndre Luiz’s Opinion

Author: ANDRÉ LUIZPSYCOGRAPHED by WALDO VIEIRA. Source:

‘CONDUTA ESPÍRITA’ (Spiritist Conduct)

Author: ANDRÉ LUIZPSYCOGRAPHED by WALDO VIEIRA. Source:

‘CONDUTA ESPÍRITA’ (Spiritist Conduct)

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• Spiritism clarifies what the consequences for those acts are. We have to use our free will to chose which way we want to take.

“How does Spiritism evaluates this popular party?”

‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (About Carnival) – by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE

From RIBEIRÃO PRETO, SP

‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (About Carnival) – by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE

From RIBEIRÃO PRETO, SP

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Education as a primary base

• “When the ethics and the morals revive in the social organism, only education will

show that to be happy and to have fun, it is not necessary to slander the being or desintegrate it in a single day, forgeting

about its eternity.”

Psychographed by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, dictated by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA.

Source: ‘ENTRE OS DOIS MUNDO’, (Between the Two Worlds) - Chapter 4

Psychographed by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO, dictated by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA.

Source: ‘ENTRE OS DOIS MUNDO’, (Between the Two Worlds) - Chapter 4

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‘ENTRE OS DOIS MUNDO’ (Between the Two Worlds) – psychographed by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO. Dictated by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA.

‘'Nas Fronteiras da Loucura'’ (On the Border of Insanity) psychographed by DIVALDO PEREIRA FRANCO. Dictated by the Spirit MANOEL PHILOMENO DE MIRANDA

‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (About Carnival) – by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE DE RIBEIRÃO PRETO, São Paulo

‘CONDUTA ESPÍRITA’ (Spirit Conduct) – Psychographed by WALDO VIEIRA. Dictated by the Spirit ANDRÉ LUIZ

‘MENSAGEM SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (A Message About Carnival). Psychographed by: CHICO XAVIER Dictated by EMMANUEL

Article: ‘O ESPÍRITA e o CARNAVAL’ (The Spiritist and Carnival) – by PEDRO FEGUNDES AZEVEDO

Article: ‘SOBRE O CARNAVAL’ (About Carnival) – by PEDRO HERBERT C. ONOFRE DE RIBEIRÃO PRETO, São Paulo

‘ENCICLOPÉDIA E DICIONÁRIO ILUSTRADO’ (Encyclopedia and Illustrated Dictionary), by ABRAHÃO KOOGAM and ANTÔNIO HOUAISS.

‘O CARNAVAL NA VISÃO DOS ORIENTADORES ESPIRITUAIS’ (CEFAK) – (Carnival according to Spiritual Guiders’ perspective)

BibliographyBibliography

Page 41: “The dead also can follow the mas bands on the Carnival parades...” “The Carnival mas bands are not only followed by the dead...”. – CAETANO VELOSO “The

GRUPO ESPÍRITA ALLAN KARDECwww.luzdoespiritismo.com

Translated by Ana Claudia Monteiro Silva - Canadá

GRUPO ESPÍRITA ALLAN KARDECwww.luzdoespiritismo.com

Translated by Ana Claudia Monteiro Silva - Canadá