the cuban missile crisis objective: what were the causes and consequences?
TRANSCRIPT
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The Cuban Missile Crisis
Objective: What were the causes and consequences?
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Background• Cuba is an island 90 miles from
Florida coast.• Fidel Castro overthrows dictator Batista in 1959.• End of US domination in business on island.• 1960 – Castro requests aid from USA.• USA rejects request.• USA reduces the amount of sugar USA buys from Cuba
by 95% - could ruin Cuba’s main industry.• Castro turns to USSR for help – they send aid and agree
to buy sugar.• Castro nationalises US businesses and property in Cuba.
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American reaction to Castro’s Communism
• US unofficial policy is to assassinate Castro.• Methods: CIA try to poison him, plant an
exploding cigar, flood a TV studio with LSD making Castro appear mad. All fail.
• BAY OF PIGS ~ USA trains and arms 1400 Cuban exiles and sends them to invade Cuba at the Bay of Pigs. Castro is expecting a full US invasion and so exiles are either killed or taken prisoner.
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USA U2 flies over Cuba and takes photos of suspected nuclear weapons site.
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Kennedy’s Options
Full US invasion of Cuba Blockade of Cuba
Surgical strike onMissile bases Do nothing
Draw a further box under each box showing an advantage and disadvantage of each option. What would you advice him to do and why?
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Kennedy decided to blockade CubaOn 22 October, Kennedy announced a “strict quarantine on all offensive military equipment under shipment to Cuba”. If Soviet vessels did not stop, US ships had orders to fire.
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• USA used 180 ships to blockade Cuba.
• 156 ICBMs put on combat readiness.
• Troops moved to south of country.
• War seems imminent.