THE CIVIL RIGHTS THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENTMOVEMENT

(1954-1969) (1954-1969)

DEFINITIONDEFINITION

The Civil Rights Movement was – The Civil Rights Movement was –

Many separate groupsMany separate groups Grassroots effortGrassroots effort Different leadersDifferent leaders Different strategiesDifferent strategies Common Goal – Securing two things:Common Goal – Securing two things: 1. End of Segregation1. End of Segregation 2. Voting Rights2. Voting Rights

GOALS OF CIVIL RIGHTS GOALS OF CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENTMOVEMENT

GROUP ONE: NAACPGROUP ONE: NAACP FACTS:FACTS:Oldest organization (1909)Oldest organization (1909)W.E.B. DuboisW.E.B. DuboisInterracialInterracialEducated, middle and upper-classEducated, middle and upper-class GOAL:GOAL: achievement of legal equality for all racesachievement of legal equality for all races STRATEGY:STRATEGY:Lobbying legislatures for new lawsLobbying legislatures for new lawsBrought lawsuits to challenge segregation laws Brought lawsuits to challenge segregation laws

in areas of housing and educationin areas of housing and education

NAACPNAACP

GROUP TWO: NATIONAL URBAN GROUP TWO: NATIONAL URBAN LEAGUE LEAGUE

FACTS:FACTS:

19111911

Major American citiesMajor American cities

Primarily northernPrimarily northern

GOAL:GOAL:

Assist blacks moving to Assist blacks moving to major cities with major cities with homes, jobs, fair homes, jobs, fair treatmenttreatment

STRATEGY:STRATEGY:

Inspected apartmentsInspected apartments

Pressured factory Pressured factory owners and union owners and union leaders to teach skillsleaders to teach skills

GROUP THREE: COREGROUP THREE: CORE FACTS:FACTS:19421942InterracialInterracialFounded by pacifistsFounded by pacifistsJames FarmerJames Farmer

GOAL:GOAL:Change through Change through

peaceful confrontationpeaceful confrontation

STRATEGIES:STRATEGIES:Organized Organized

Demonstrations Demonstrations against segregation in against segregation in major cities including major cities including Baltimore, Chicago, Baltimore, Chicago, Denver, DetroitDenver, Detroit

Became a major Became a major organization, organization, especially in the North especially in the North as the movement as the movement developed in 1950sdeveloped in 1950s

GROUP FOUR: SCLCGROUP FOUR: SCLC FACTS:FACTS:

19571957

MLKing, Jr. and other MLKing, Jr. and other black clergymenblack clergymen

Result of the successful Result of the successful bus boycottbus boycott

Southern, black, church Southern, black, church basedbased

GOALS:GOALS:

End Jim Crow (segregation End Jim Crow (segregation by law) in the Southby law) in the South

STRATEGY:STRATEGY:Non-violent ProtestNon-violent ProtestPassive ResistancePassive ResistanceInfluence of Gandhi – Influence of Gandhi –

leader of India’s leader of India’s struggle for struggle for independence from GBindependence from GB

Will become the lead Will become the lead group and strategy until group and strategy until 19681968

SCLCSCLC

GROUP FIVE: SNCCGROUP FIVE: SNCC FACTS:FACTS:19601960Robert Moses - leaderRobert Moses - leaderStudent organized and ledStudent organized and ledResponse to feelings that Response to feelings that

NAACP and SCLC weren’t NAACP and SCLC weren’t keeping up with keeping up with demands of youthdemands of youth

Interracial (at first)Interracial (at first)

GOALS:GOALS:Fight for end of Fight for end of

segregation, especially segregation, especially in the Southin the South

STRATEGIES:STRATEGIES:

Permanent and separate Permanent and separate from the other from the other organizationsorganizations

Non-violent, passiveNon-violent, passive

Want more immediate Want more immediate changechange

Shift focus from Shift focus from churcheschurches

Types of ProtestTypes of Protest

SUMMARYSUMMARY

What were the goals of the civil rights What were the goals of the civil rights movement?movement?

What was the main strategy of the What was the main strategy of the movement during the 50s and early movement during the 50s and early 60s?60s?

Who was involved in the civil rights Who was involved in the civil rights movement?movement?

Practice QuestionPractice Question

In your own words, please explain In your own words, please explain why there were so many why there were so many organizations dedicated to the Civil organizations dedicated to the Civil Rights Movement.Rights Movement.