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The Church:
Early (33ad - 400s)
Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)
Reformation (1500s - 1600s)
Modern (1700s - Today)
The Church:
Early (33ad - 400s)
Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)
Reformation (1500s - 1600s)
Modern (1700s - Today)
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1516ad – Erasmus’ Translation
Problem No text of
Scripture existed that wasn’t
based on the corrupt Latin
Vulgate
Work Erasmus
produced a Greek-Latin parallel New
Testament text, ‘loading the gun’ for the Reformation
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1517ad – Luther’s 95 Theses
The Act To express his
frustration with church corruption (Indulgences, greed,
works-based salvation, etc),
Luther nailed the 95 Theses for ‘discussion’
The Result The Theses were translated into
German, printed and distributed
throughout Europe within 2
months, sparking the Reformation
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1522ad – Zwingli leads Swiss
Reform He held the
Scriptures in high authority, calling
for Reform in church practices such as baptism, clerical celibacy,
images and communion
Differences He and Luther differed with their views on
communion, and therefore
couldn’t unite the Reformation
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1525ad – Anabaptists
Beliefs “Zwingli’s
reforms should go further”:
1. Believer’s Baptism only
2. Separation of Church & State
Persecution Their beliefs
were too radical for both
Catholics and Reformers.
They were persecuted, many
by drowning.
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1526ad – Tyndale & Coverdale
Tyndale 1526 - First to translate and print the New Testament in English - from the original
Greek.
Eventually he was burned at
the stake.
Coverdale 1535 - Picked up Tyndale’s work,
used German and Latin as sources, and printed the
first full Bible in English language
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1536ad – Calvin Writes
Influence - French Reformer Luther started the Reformation, and
then Calvin developed it
further and spread its popularity
‘Institutes’ 1536 – Calvin
wrote Institutes of the Christian Religion, a fuller explanation of
Reformed beliefs
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1545ad – Council of Trent
Purpose 1. To Condemn
Reformation teachings (Luther
& Calvin)
2. To clean up Catholicism
(remove scorn)
Conclusion - Good works - Apocrypha - Tradition - 7 Sacraments - Transub-
stantiation - Purgatory - Indulgences - Celibacy - Latin Vulgate
[til 1563]
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1560ad – Geneva Bible
Purpose To produce a full
English Bible entirely from the original Hebrew
and Greek
Result It was the first
Bible with verses, first Study Bible with notes, the
first Bible in America, and the most popular for about 100 years
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1563ad – Book of Martyrs
Work A history of the
persecutions Christians
endured, especially at the hand of Catholicism in
England
Impact It stirred up a
strong negative perception of
Catholicism and became one of
the most widely read Christian
books ever
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1572ad – Holiday Massacre
Order The French King’s mother ordered the slaughter of
all Protestant leaders in France [‘Huguenots] on St. Bartholomew’s Day
Death Approximately
30,000 Protestant
church leaders were killed by
Catholics
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1611ad – King James Bible
Purpose To produce a new
Bible to replace the popular Protestant Geneva Bible, which had controversial
marginal notes (Pope is an anti-Christ, etc)
Result The King James
Bible (Authorized Version) was
published in 1611, eventually
becoming best selling book ever
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1618ad – Synod of Dort
Purpose To address the
rising popularity of Arminiasm in
the Dutch Reformed church as it was opposed
to Calvinism
Result Arminiasm was
rejected, and the 5 Points of Calvinism were
drafted to summarize its
beliefs: T.U.L.I.P.
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1620ad – Mayflower Compact
Mayflower The ship carried many Protestants
(‘Separatists’) wanting to escape
the corruption and abuse of the
church of England
Compact A document was
signed stating their cause for
settling and intent on establishing
just laws for governance
“Having undertaken for the Glory of God and advancement of the Christian Faith..”
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1630ad – Winthrop & Puritans
Winthrop Landowner who sold everything and led the first of many Puritans
to America, becoming their
governor
Purpose Not permitted to purify the church of England, the ‘Puritans’ sailed to America to carry out their reforms in a
colony abroad
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1646ad – Westminster Confession
Purpose 121 Puritan
clergymen met to draft an official
document for the reformation of the Church of
England into more of a Presbyterian
model
Influence Considered the
greatest of all the creeds and
unsurpassed by any as an accurate and
concise statement of Christian doctrine, backed by much
Scripture
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1647ad –George Fox & Quakers
Fox An English man who proposed a
radical faith gained from an ‘inner light’, and doing away with hymns, sermons,
sacraments, creeds
Quakers Known for their
emotion, Fox founded the
Quakers, stressing guidance of the Holy Spirit
and rejected outward rites and
an ordained ministry
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1666ad – Brother Lawrence
Person A poor, lay monk
from France (Nicolas Herman),
he had a limp, worked in the kitchen, then
mended sandals
Impact He had great wisdom on
‘Practicing the Presence of
God’, gleaned from 16 letters
and 4 conversations
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1678ad – Pilgrim’s Progress
Bunyan John Bunyan was imprisoned for preaching his
beliefs, spending over 12 years in
prison, away from his family
Book ‘The Pilgrim’s Progress’, an
allegory of the Christian life, is the
most widely circulated book
apart from the Bible
Reformation (1500s-1600s)
1689ad – Act of Toleration
Act An act of Parliament granting freedom of
worship to Protestants and
allowing them their own places of
worship and their own teachers and
preachers
Result Persecutions were greatly reduced
against Christians who were not
members of the Church of England
The Church:
Early (33 - 400s)
Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)
Reformation (1500s - 1600s)
Modern (1700s - Today)