the cell by: emily, victor, and abigail. what am i? bacteria ? plant cell? animal cell?
TRANSCRIPT
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The CellBy: Emily, Victor, and Abigail
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What am I?
Bacteria?
Plant Cell?
Animal Cell?
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NucleusRibosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes
Nuclear Envelope
Peroxisomes
Mitochondria
Thylakoids
Grana
Stroma
Vacuoles
Plasma Membrane
Plastids
What Type of Cell am I? _________________
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
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What Type of Cell am I? _________________
NucleusRibosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Lysosomes
Nuclear Envelope
Peroxisomes
Mitochondria
Thylakoids
Grana
Stroma
Vacuoles
Plastids
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Plasma Membrane
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What Type of Cell am I? _________________
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Ribosomes
Plasma Membrane
Chromosome
Plasmid
Flagellum
Capsule
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Plasmids❏ Small DNA molecule that is separate
from the from the chromosomes❏ Replicate independently❏ “Naked” → Not wrapped in histones
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Nucleus❏ Contains Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)❏ Houses the nucleolus, site of rRna
synthesis❏ The nuclear envelope contains nuclear
pores, that allows RNA to leave the nucleus
❏ Site of DNA replication, repair, and transcription
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Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)❏ Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum: No ribosomes embedded; site of lipid and steroid hormone synthesis
❏ Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum: Embedded with ribosomes; site of glycoprotein synthesis (attaches sugar groups to amino acid chains)
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Ribosomes
❏ Assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains
❏ Prokaryotic: 70s ribosomes (30s subunit + 50s subunit)
❏ Eukaryotic: 80s ribosomes (40s subunit + 60s subunit)
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Golgi Complex❏ Flatten sacs (cisternae)❏ Modification of
proteins and lipids ❏ Package modified
proteins and lipids into vesicles for transport
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Vacuoles❏ Food Vacuole: Temporary storage
of nutrients; merges with lysosomes to digest the nutrients
❏ Central Vacuole: Large organelle that occupies most of a plant’s interior; exerts pressure onto cell wall, giving it shape
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Vesicle❏ Move materials
between organelles and plasma membrane.
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Cytoplasm❏ Composed of mostly water
and salt❏ Site of anaerobic respiration
(glycolysis and fermentation)❏ Gives the cell its shape; holds
the organelles in place❏ Cytosol: Part of cytoplasm
that doesn’t contain organelles
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Plasma Membrane❏ Double phospholipid membrane❏ Barrier between internal
metabolic events from the external environment
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Lysosomes❏ Vesicles from the golgi
apparatus that contains digestive enzymes
❏ The enzymes only function in acidic environment → If the enzyme is released into the cell, the enzyme is rendered useless
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Peroxisomes❏ Break down substances
(lipids and proteins); also breaks down hydrogen peroxide
❏ Toxins are broken down by peroxisomes
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Mitochondria❏ Synthesizes ATP❏ Site of aerobic
respiration (requires oxygen)
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Chloroplast❏ Site of
photosynthesis❏ Light
dependent/light independent reaction
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Cytoskeleton
❏ Microtubule (tubulin): Cell motility (flagella and cilia), mitotic spindle, cell structure, organelle movement
❏ Intermediate Filaments: Cell structure❏ Microfilaments (actin): Muscle
contraction (w. protein myosin), cytokinesis
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Centrioles
❏ Work with microtubules during mitosis/meiosis to form spindle
apparatus.
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Flagella and Cilia ❏ Composed of
microtubules❏ Facilitate cell
movement❏ Flagella: Few, long, snake-like movement❏ Cilia: Many, short, hair-like, back-and-
forth movement.
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Extracellular Matrix❏ Area between
adjacent cells❏ Binds adjacent cells
together❏ Structural proteins,
adhesion proteins, glycoproteins
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Picture Websites● http://www.biologycorner.com/APbiology/pathology/bacteria.html● http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmid#mediaviewer/File:Plasmid_(english).svg● http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/502164/ribosome● http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/golgi/golgiapparatus.html● http://mol-biol4masters.masters.grkraj.org/html/Protein_Synthesis5-Ribosome_as_Translation_Machine.ht
m● http://plantcellsorganelles.weebly.com/vacuoles.html● http://jonlieffmd.com/blog/vesicles-transport-information● http://schoolcellproject1.weebly.com/cytoplasm.html● http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plasmamembrane/plasmamembrane.html● http://iws.collin.edu/biopage/faculty/mcculloch/1406/outlines/chapter%207/chap07.htm● http://www.heartcom.org/SwedishPollenExtract.htm● http://www.gceadvancelevel.com/cytoskeleton/● http://faculty.fmcc.suny.edu/mcdarby/majors101book/Chapter_04-Cell_Structure&Function/02-parts_of_ad
vanced_cells.htm● https://dribbble.com/shots/1678777-Camera-Icon● http://www.artinaid.com/2013/04/chloroplasts-what-are-and-what-they-are-made%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8
B-of/● https://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/exam-3/deck/6490769● http://circresearch.com/gallery/category/cardiac-myocyte-biology/● http://imgarcade.com/1/peroxisome-function-in-a-cell/VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZDH8sWiUsAM&list=WL&index=27