the can crusher group 12 stanley andrews brandon jefferson
TRANSCRIPT
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The Can Crusher Group 12 Stanley Andrews Brandon Jefferson
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Motivation
•Wanted to incorporate more electrical design into the idea of the “Can Crusher”
•Use pneumatic cylinders (3 pneumatic cylinders in this project)
•Thought it would be something different from previous senior design projects
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Objectives• Step 1: Can or water bottle is placed into the trash can. Can/Water
bottle enters hopper and waits for it to be identified by the optical and reflective sensor.
• Step 2: Rotary cylinder rotates the object and sends it down the ramp. • Step 3: Sorter determines route of the object based on feedback from
the sensors. • Step 4: If object is a water bottle, the pneumatic cylinder will extend,
adjusting the direction of the sorter• Step 5: If the object is an aluminum can, it will be routed towards a
push cylinder and crushed• Step 6: Push cylinder crushes the aluminum cans and sends remains to
the storage bin• Step 7: Process continues until storage sensor alerts operator that
storage bin is 90 %filled.• Step 8: Once storage reaches 90%. Can crusher goes into “Stop”
mode. Items from storage bin, can then be removed.
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Features• Fully automatic can crusher and sorter • Detect when an object is placed in the hopper• Be able to distinguish between an aluminum can
and a water bottle • Sort the water bottle into a separate storage bin
from the aluminum cans• Be able to crush the aluminum cans and put into
storage bin • Detect when the storage bins are full • Have three different modes “Standby”,
“Operational”, “Stop”
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Hopper
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Hopper
• Where the bottle and cans will be placed • Be able hold 16.9 FL oz. water bottle
and 12 - 16 oz. aluminum cans • Two sensors will mount to detect the
object inside the hopper
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Sensors
•Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor•Reflective Optical Sensor
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Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor
• Part a) is the ideal circumstance you would want to be in. The sensors should be facing the object on a level plane
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Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor
PING Ultrasonic Sensor
Detector Type Ultrasonic
Dimensions 16 x 46 x 22(mm)
Peaking Operating distance
2-3 (cm)
Supply Current 30 mA
Voltage 5 V
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Reflective Optical SensorBanner SM2A312LV
Detector Type
Retro-reflective
Dimensions 66 x 12.2 x 30.7 (mm)
Peak operating distance
50mm – 2m
Output current
Minimum of 5 mA
Voltage 24- 240 V AC
TCRT5000 Reflective Optical Sensor
Detector type Phototransistor
Dimensions 10.2 x 5.8 x 7(mm)
Peak operating distance
2.5 mm
Output current 1 mA
Emitter Wavelength
950 nm
Voltage 5 V
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Reflective Optical Sensor• Get the best results (peak
operating distance) at 2.5 mm
• One of the challenges will be to get it close enough to the object stored in the “hopper”
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Aluminum Cans/ Water bottles
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Terms of Service
•We ask that all contents are empty •All objects must be placed horizontally in
the hopper•By default system will be in “standby
mode”, once an object is placed inside, the system will go into operational mode
•If storage bin is full no objects can be placed into the system
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Design Overview
Hopper
Ramp Sorter Can crusher
Aluminum Can
Sensors
Rotary Cylinder
Hopper
Sensors
Rotary cylinder
Sorter
Storage bin
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Design Overview
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Sorter• The idea is called the “Swinging lid”
• Uses pneumatic cylinder to be able to “swing” the lid and alter the objects path
• Routes Aluminum Cans to Can Crusher
• Routes Water bottles to storage bin
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Motors/ Air CompressorElectric motors Air Compressor
Pros • Uses Standard Outlet • Option to convert AC to DC • Very Compact and small to
maneuver and place anywhereCons• Most motors only have one
speed• No way to speed up or slow
down the project• Very Expenses for high power
motors• Only can
Pros• Uses a Standard Outlet• Able to adjust the air pressure • Ability to control the speed of the
motor by the PSI• Option to convert AC to DC• Not to expensive economy for the
budget• Can use air solenoid valves that can
control of a multiple operated air pressure components
Cons• Tank will have to be refilled when low
on air • Will need multiple air hoses• Very big hard to hide and maneuver • Very loud when filling up the tank
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Air Compressor
Horsepower (HP) 0.33
Tank Capacity (Gallons)
2.0
Tank Type Portable
Voltage 120 V
Amps (Amps) 2.0
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Pneumatic cylinders•Rotary Cylinder•Mini cylinder (sorter)•Double Acting Cylinder (can crusher)
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Kevinkrusher 11.0
KevinKrusher II.0
Chamber Length 6 1/2" minimum
PSI 60 -120
Cylinder Type Double action 2.0 bore x 6.0 stroke cylinder
Mounted Vertical or Horizontal
Price $157.00
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Can Crusher
• Double Action Stroke Pneumatic Cylinder
• Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa• Diameter: 8.5mm
(Approx.)• Thread Rod Diameter:
9mm (Approx.)• Size: 4.5 x 4.5 x 32cm/
1.8" x 1.8" x 12.6"
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Mini Cylinder
• Double Action• Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa• Diameter: 8.5mm
(Approx.)• Thread Rod Diameter:
6mm (Approx.)• Size: 1.5 x 1.1 x 1.5cm/
0.5" x 0.4" x 0.6"
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Cylinders
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Air Solenoid
Type: 2 Position 5 way
Voltage: 12V DC
Power 2.5W
Current .208 Amps
Valve Fittings: 1/8" BSPT (British standard pipe tapered)
Total Needed 3
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Micro ControllerArduino UnoATMEGA 328
Operating Voltage
5 V
Input Voltage (recommended)
7-12 V
Input Voltage (limits)
6-20 V
Digital I/O Pins 14
Analog Input Pins
6
DC Current per I/O
40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin
50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB
Clock Speed 16
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Arduino Uno Schematic
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Storage Bins
• Two storage bins • Aluminum Can and Water
Bottle • Each bin will have Parallax
Ultrasonic sensor • Once storage reaches
90%. Can crusher goes into “Stop” mode
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EnclosureTrash Can Cabinet
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LEDs
Green•Operational mode
Yellow•Standby Mode•Default
Red•Stop Mode
Blinking Red•Indicates to user when the Aluminum Can storage bin is full
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LED Schematic
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Power Supply
120 AC
Transformer AC/DC• +- 12V• +-5V
12 V DC• Air
Solenoid (3)
5 V DC• Microcont
roller• LEDs• Sensors
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Power Supply Schematic
T1
115:12:12:12:12
Q52N2608
D3
1N4001G C3
1000µFR710kΩ
R810kΩ
Q6
2N3905
R9
4.7kΩ
Q32N2608
D2
1N4001G C21000µF
R410kΩ
R510kΩ
Q4
2N3905
R6
4.7kΩ
Q12N2608
D1
1N4001G C11000µF
R110kΩ
R210kΩ
Q2
2N3905
R3
4.7kΩ
HB1
Can Crusher
IO1IO2
IO3
HB2
Actutator
IO1IO2
IO3
HB3
Rotating Cylinder
IO1IO2
IO3
U1LM7805CTLINE VREG
COMMON
VOLTAGE
HB4
MicroController
IO1 IO2IO3IO4
V1
120 Vrms 60 Hz 0°
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Work DistributionStanley Andrews Brandon Jefferson
Power Supply Sensors
Solenoids/ Cylinders Microcontroller
Printed Circuit Board Printed Circuit Board
Software Implementation Software Implementation
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BudgetNomenclature Cost (each) Number Total Cost
Optical Sensor $29.99 3 95.35
TCRT5000 Reflective Sensor
$1.00 10 $10.00
Double Acting Cylinder
$29.99 1 $38.46
Mini Cylinder $16.47 1 $21.61
Rotary Cylinder $40.00 – $55.00 1 $60.00
Air Solenoid $11.20 4 $57.54
Air Valve Fittings $1.48 14 $26.63
Air Valve Mufflers $1.19 8 $15.05
LEDs $1.99-$3.50 5 $20.00
Development Board $12 1 $14.78
Air Compressor $99.99 1 $105.98
PCB $65.00 1 $65.00
Miscellaneous $100.00
Total Cost $1040 $630.40
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Progression
Overall
Testing
Prototype
Design
Research
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
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Issues
•Clear object detection•Sorter•Software Design
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Questions