the big six exploring social studies through the lens of literacy

RAFT Examples for Social Studies http://www.tantasqua.org/Superintendent/Profdevelopment/etraft.html

RoleAudienceFormatTopic21st Century WomanSusan B. AnthonyThank-you noteWomen's RightsBen FranklinDear AbbyAdvice columnMy son likes the BritishKaiser Wilhelm IIEuropean Heads of StateRecipeHow we can start a World WarKit CarsonFuture touristsTravel guideBeautiful places in the WestMohandas GandhiMartin Luther King Jr.LetterNonviolent opposition/resistanceGreat Wall of ChinaSelfDiaryInvaders I have seen and stoppedColorado RiverRaftersTravel guideWhat you will see if you travel my lengthRain ForestHumansComplaintDeforestation

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Questioning the AuthorWhat is the author trying to tell you?Why is the author telling you that?Is it said clearly?How might the author have written it more clearly?What would you have wanted to say instead?

After reading a passage, students ask themselves:Source: http://www.sdesa6.org/content/docs/StrategiestoHelpReadersThroughInferences.pdf


Questioning the AuthorDoes this follow with what the author said before?What does the author take for granted that we already know?Did the author tell us why?Why do you think the author included this information?

After students gain skills at making inferences, you might add some of the following questions:Source: http://www.sdesa6.org/content/docs/StrategiestoHelpReadersThroughInferences.pdf


It Says . . . I Say . . . SoSource: http://www.sdesa6.org/content/docs/StrategiestoHelpReadersThroughInferences.pdf


It Says . . . I Say . . . SoSource: http://www.sdesa6.org/content/docs/StrategiestoHelpReadersThroughInferences.pdf


PredictingForm of inferencingRequires support for predictionForward thinking based on backward knowledgeRequired to solve non-routine problems in the real world


Strategies to teach predictingKWLStory ImpressionsAnticipation Guides (p. 9)Visual Prediction GuideReciprocal Teachingpredicting, questioning, clarifying, and summarizing

Thinking through the Reading Assignment Take 90 seconds to quickly scan your reading assignment. Use the headings, pictures, and other clues you get from this scanto develop some questions about the reading. Then, as you read the assignment, take notes that answer each of the questions. WP 4


ABC Predicting ChartIn 2 minutes, list all the words/phrases you can think of related to political campaigning.Set it aside.0:100:090:080:070:060:050:040:030:020:01STOP0:200:190:180:170:160:150:140:130:120:110:300:290:280:270:260:250:240:230:220:211:000:400:390:380:370:360:350:340:330:320:310:500:490:480:470:460:450:440:430:420:410:590:580:570:560:550:540:530:520:511:101:091:081:071:061:051:041:031:021:011:201:191:181:171:161:151:141:131:121:111:301:291:281:271:261:251:241:231:221:211:401:391:381:371:361:351:341:331:321:311:501:491:481:471:461:451:441:431:421:411:591:581:571:561:551:541:531:521:512:00


Recognizing academic vocabularySeparates success for second-language studentsTechnical language (jargon)Understanding roots and affixes


Strategies for teaching vocabularyVocabulary CluesConcept Definition MapFrayer Model WP 14-17, 19


ALLNot ALL terms are critically important!So how do we decide what to put on our list?Resources Collection-National Standards State StandardsLocal resourcesVocabulary Development


Adapted from Marzanos book, Building Background Knowledge for Academic AchievementVocabulary DevelopmentNOT per subject!


Vocabulary Instruction Beyond Just the DictionaryConcept Definition MapsVisual and Virtual Word AssociationFrayer Model

Some Examples


Verbal and Visual Word AssociationSource: http://www.tsssa.org/Downloads/Spring07Conference/JohnDavid/DavidVocab.ppt


Source: http://www.tsssa.org/Downloads/Spring07Conference/ JohnDavid/DavidVocab.pptManifest DestinyThe belief in the 19th century that the U.S. would, and had the right to, inevitable expand westward all the way to the Pacific Ocean.Destined to get bigger.


LatitudeVisual RepresentationDefinitionPersonal Association or CharacteristicSource: http://www.tsssa.org/Downloads/Spring07Conference/JohnDavid/DavidVocab.ppt

Sheet of PaperFold the paper in half then fold the top half down to form a quarter and the bottom half up for another quarter.Vocabulary FoldableMost useful for related pairs of words or pairs of words that are often confused.

DemocracyMonarchyMonarchygovernment by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system. PictureMonarchy DefinitionWrite two related terms or terms that are often confused one on each outside flap.Write the definition inside and draw a picture on the back of the word.Open the paperDemocracy DefinitionResults4-Yes1-No

Democracy Definitiongovernment by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system. PictureResults4-Yes1-NoMonarchy Definitiona state or nation in which the supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in a monarch.

Picture

government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system. a state or nation in which the supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in a monarch.

DemocracyMonarchyFinished!


Pre-learning Concept CheckList key conceptsStudents determine where they are before readingGreat test taking skill

+ = expert = heard of it 0 = do not know itWP 9-10


Key Terms___ Absolutism ___ Polarization ___ Oligopoly ___ Conscription ___ Suborn ___ Egalitarian ___ Social democrat ___ Debunk ___ Bi-partisan ___ Privatize ___ Omnicide ___ Federalist ___ Unilateralism

Read each term below and indicate in the blank whether your level of knowledge is: + = expert = heard of it 0 = do not know it


Vocabulary Building - WordSplashUsing a Literacy Strategy to help students learn specific facts/terms from content areas. Vocabulary development is best learned in the context of reading, writing, speaking and listening, not through arbitrary lists of terms and definitions.Useful for building background knowledge and as a pre-reading strategy.

WP 11


Benefits:Assess prior knowledge Provide motivation for reading Set a clear purpose for reading Decipher vocabulary Allow for a variety of modes of learningVocabulary Building - WordSplash


Vocabulary Building - WordSplashWP 11Teacher creates a WordSplash with a collection of key terms from a passage (usually words students may be familiar with)Display words at angles and randomly on an overhead or chartStudents generate complete sentences using the words to predict the relationship between each term and the broad topic. May expand to be entire papers.Students read to check for accuracyCan become competitions

Natural Pest Controlapartmentsmites and aphidspest-killersladybugsconsumeinsecticidesunleashedscatteredmissionRead Legions of ladybug move into Manhattan, USA Today, page 9A.

Southern Regional Education Board

Final Thoughts/Questions

Stress that we are not suggesting content teachers diagnose and treat reading/writing problems, but that they infuse literacy strategies into their instructional repertoire to improve CONTENT learning in their classes.How many of these questions can you answer? How much understanding do you have about the content? Do you think any of your students see the test they read in your subject area in the same fashion?Emphasize that students can answer the questions without understanding the content. Link it to assigning the reading of a chapter and answering the questions at the end: You can answer the questions correctly without having any comprehension of what the story is aboutIntroduce vocabulary.Reread item. Emphasize how much deeper understanding is with just a brief introduction of KEY vocabulary not all the vocabulary. Ask about the meaning of other words that were not introduced. Participants can usually figure out the rest of the vocabulary:fraper = sad, upset, disgusted, etc.dernarpen = forgottentalp = buygiberter = presentconlanted = decidedplimp = makemardsen binkysparved = finishedjibbed = camegorger = house, door, room, etc.Clorsty marsden = Happy birthdayboffed = saidcrouistish = beautiful, pretty (some positive word)Stansan = ? (a day of the week)Agsan is Kelsan = today is ? (another day of the week)ruspen = casewank = give

Emphasize the importance of the expert group step; explain the benefit in more consistency of sharing if a group discusses the information before presenting to the team. Discuss RAFT and its uses.Talk through the steps of scanning.Explain that this strategy can also function as a post instruction check. It could also be easily converted to an anticipation guide. Used a science example so participants more likely to see words they may not know.

absolutism - the principle or the exercise of complete and unrestricted power in government. polarization - this is what happens when the extreme wings of a party take control and moderates find that they have lost power. oligopoly - a market situation in which only a few companies dominate and compete in a given industry conscription - the draft. Mandatory enrollment in the military. suborn - to bribe or induce a witness to give false testimony. egalitarian - characterized by the belief in the equality of all men. social democrat - one who advocates, through a democratic process, a slow transition to socialism. debunk - .to expose a sham or falseness by presenting a truthful explanation bi-partisan - representing, characterized by, or including members from two parties or factions. privatize - to convert businesses from government ownership to private ownership. omnicide - Murder whose purpose is to destroy a species of humankind, utilizing weapons that are too terrible to be used, and whose use may result in the death of those using them as well as those they wish to kill. Suicide bombers commit omicide. The holocaust was omnicide. federalist - one who advocates a strong central government. unilateralism - a government acting on it's own, in it's own best interests. This would be opposed to going to the United Nations, to act jointly with other nations, on international principles designed to benefit "the many."Look at the topic and the words on the slide. Use at least five of them to write a prediction of what the story will be about.

the big six exploring social studies through the lens of literacy

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