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UK Safety First

A Quick guide to First Aid

brought to you by

UKSafetyFirst.

Even with basic knowledge of First you can save a

life in accident or emergency. This guide can help

you make the difference between life and death.

We recommend reading through this guide several times to

ensure you retain as much of it as possible.

Keep this guide in a handy location, somewhere where you

can find it easily should you want or need to read it at a later

date, such as; your cars glove compartment, your bag, in your

office desk draw or even works canteen.

Remember it is essential to keep a well stoked First Aid kit at

you place of work and is sensible to keep one at home and in

your car.

In an emergency

A. Remain calm and think clearly,

B. Identify the problem,

C. Follow the instructions illustrated in this guide

D. Dial 999 or 112 and continue to monitor the casualty.

When someone is unconscious

Open the airway

If the casualty is unconscious, check their airway is open and

clear.

Tilt their head

Tilt their head and lift the chin to open the airway.

Check for signs of breathing

Look along their chest, listen and feel for any signs of

breathing.

Put the casualty in the recovery position

If you have no reason to suspect that the casualty has

suffered from a spinal injury, place them into the recovery

position.

Recovery position

Adults and Children’s recovery position

1. Roll the casualty onto their side towards you

2. Lift the chin forward to open the airways and move the

hand under the cheek as necessary.

3. Check the casualty cannot roll forward or backwards.

4. Continue to monitor the level of responsiveness, breathing

and pulse until the emergency services arrive.

Babies and Toddlers

recovery position

1. Cradle the infant in your arms

with the head tilted downwards.

2. Monitor the infant’s level of

response, breathing and pulse until

the emergency services arrive.

When an adult has stopped breathing

A. Open the airway

If the casualty is unconscious, check their airway is open and

clear.

B. Tilt the head

Tilt their head back gently and lift their chin to open their

airway.

C. Check for breathing

1. Look along their chest, listen and feel for breaths.

2. If they are not breathing their heart will stop. You must

start the following procedure known as CPR immediately.

D. Call for Help

If you are not alone tell someone to dial 999 and ask for an

ambulance. Do not stop giving CPR until they arrive. If you are

by yourself call 999 and then continue to give CPR.

E. Pump

1. Place one hand in the centre of their chest, place the heel

of your other hand on top of the first and interlock your

fingers, keeping your fingers off their ribs.

2. Lean directly over their chest and begin to press down

vertically about 5 to 6 cm, release the pressure but do not

move your hands.

3. Give 30 compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute.

F. Breath

If you are unable or do not wish to give mouth to mouth you

can continue to give chest compressions only, but CPR is

most effective when given with both with Chest compressions

and Mouth to Mouth (Rescue Breaths).

1. Tilt their head back gently with one hand and lift the chin

with two fingers from the other to ensure the airway is open.

2. Pinch their nose to close the nostrils, take a deep breath,

seal your lips over their mouth ensuring no air can escape and

breathe out until you can see the chest rise.

3. Maintaining the head tilt and chin lift, take your mouth

away from theirs, watch along their chest to see it fall.

4. Repeat this process giving 2 rescue breaths for every 30

chest compressions.

Continue

Continue CPR until emergency help arrives, they start to

breathe normally on their own or you’re too exhausted to

continue.

Tilt the head, lift chin Place both hands in Give 2 rescue

and listen for centre of the chest breaths for

breathing. and pump. Every 30

compressions.

When a child has stopped breathing

A. Open the airway

If the casualty is unconscious, check their airway is open and

clear.

B. Tilt the head

Tilt their head back gently and lift their chin to open their

airway.

C. Check for breathing

1. Look along their chest, listen and feel for breaths.

2. If they are not breathing their heart will stop. You must

start the following procedure known as CPR immediately.

D. Call for Help

If you are not alone tell someone to dial 999 and ask for an

ambulance. Do not stop giving CPR until they arrive. If you are

by yourself give 1 minute of CPR before calling 999 and then

return to give CPR.

E. Breath

1. Tilt their head back gently with one hand and lift the chin

with two fingers from the other to ensure the airway is open.

2. Pinch their nose to close the nostrils, take a deep breath,

seal your lips over their mouth ensuring no air can escape and

breathe out until you can see the chest rise.

3. Maintaining the head tilt and chin lift, take your mouth

away from theirs, watch along their chest to see it fall.

4. Repeat to give 5 initial rescue breaths.

F. Pump

1. Place one hand in the centre of their chest, place the heel

of your other hand on top of the first and interlock your

fingers, keeping your fingers off their ribs.

2. Lean directly over their chest and begin to press down

vertically about 5 to 6 cm, release the pressure but do not

move your hands.

3. Give 30 compressions at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute.

Continue

Continue CPR until emergency help arrives, they start to

breathe normally on their own or you’re too exhausted to

continue.

Tilt the head, lift chin and

listen for breathing.

Give 5 initial rescue breaths.

Place both hands in centre

of the chest and pump.

When a baby has stopped breathing

A. Open the airway

If the casualty is unconscious, check their airway is open and

clear.

B. Tilt the head

Tilt their head back gently and lift their chin to open their

airway.

C. Check for breathing

1. Look along their chest, listen and feel for breaths for 10

seconds.

2. If they are not breathing their heart will stop. You must

start the following procedure known as CPR immediately.

D. Call for Help

If you are not alone tell someone to dial 999 and ask for an

ambulance. Do not stop giving CPR until they arrive. If you are

by yourself give 1 minute of CPR before calling 999 and then

return to give CPR.

E. Breath

1. Place the baby on a firm surface.

2. Tilt their head back gently with one hand and lift the chin

with one finger from the other to ensure the airway is open.

3. Take a breath, seal your lips over the baby’s mouth and

nose ensuring no air can escape and breathe out until you can

see the chest rise. (Ensure your do not over inflate the chest).

4. Maintaining the head tilt and chin lift, take your mouth

away from theirs, watch along their chest to see it fall.

4. Repeat to give 5 initial rescue breaths.

.F. Pump

1. Place 2 fingers on the centre of their chest.

2. Press down sharply to one third the depth of the chest,

Release the pressure, but do not remove your fingers.

3. Give 30 compressions at a rate of 100 – 120 per minute.

Continue

Continue CPR until emergency help arrives, they start to

breathe normally on their own or you’re too exhausted to

continue.

Tilt the Head back and lift the chin.

Give 5 initial rescue breaths.

Place 2 fingers on the chest and

press.

When an adult or child is choking

A. Cough it out

Encourage the person to cough. If this does not clear the

obstruction, support their upper body with one hand and help

them lean forward.

B. Slap it out

Lean forward and give up to 5 sharp back blows between

their shoulder blades with the heel of your hand.

C. Squeeze it out

1. If the obstruction has not dislodged, stand behind them

and put both arms around the upper part of the abdomen.

2. Clench your fist and place it between the navel and

around the bottom of their breastbone.

3. Grasp your fist firmly with your other hand and pull

sharply inwards and up repeating up to 5 times.

4. If this has not cleared the obstruction, repeat the

backslaps and abdominal thrusts up to 3 more times.

5. If the obstruction is still lodged, call 999 or 112 for

emergency help. Continue the processes until help arrives.

When a baby is choking

A. Slap it out

1. Lay the baby face down on your forearm supporting the

body and chin.

2. Give up to 5 back blows between their shoulder blades

with the heel of your hand.

3. Check in the mouth for any obstructions and remove

DO NOT feel blindly down the throat.

B. Pump it out

1. If the obstruction has not cleared, turn the baby on their

back.

2. Place 2 fingers on the baby’s chest and push inwards and

up sharply against the baby’s breastbone.

3. Check the mouth again for any obstructions and remove.

4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 up to 5 more times.

5. If the obstruction has still not cleared, repeat backslaps

and thrusts up to 3 more times.

6. If the obstruction has still not cleared, call 999 or 112 for

the emergency services. Continue the steps until help

arrives.

Stopping a server bleed

A. Press it

1. Make sure to wear gloves if available before dealing with

open wounds.

2. Apply direct pressure over the wound with your hand

using a clean dressing, if you do not have a dressing, ask the

casualty to apply pressure themselves.

B. Raise it

1. Help them to lie down.

2. If possible, raise and support the injured limb above the

level of their heart to reduce blood loss.

3. Raise their legs to help ease effects of shock.

Call for help

Call 999 or 112 and continue to monitor the casualty whilst

waiting for the emergency services to arrive.

When someone is having a heart attack

A. Sit them down

Make sure they are as comfortable as possible, a half-sitting

position with their knees bent and head and shoulders

supported is best.

B. Call for help

Call 999 or 112 for the emergency services and tell them you

suspect a heart attack.

Aspirin

1. If available and the person is over 16 and not allergic, give

them aspirin (300mg) and tell them to chew it slowly.

2. Monitor and reassure them until help arrives.

This Guide covers the basics when administering First Aid.

We recommend attending one of our First Aid courses which will

give you a better understanding in identifying symptoms

associated with illnesses such as Heart attacks and strokes.

Our courses are available all year round and are available for

anyone who is able to administer First Aid.

To see when our next course is being held visit our website or

call us to arrange a booking.

Telephone: 01395 234 381

Website: www.uksafetyfirst.co.uk

Email: info@uksafetyfirst.co.uk