the "banlieues" of paris
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The "banlieues" of Paris. Understanding the links between immigration and segregation . Jean-Louis Pan Ké Shon http://jlpks.free.fr [email protected]. The suburbs of Paris. Definitions of a ‘banlieue’ Urbanized zone outside a city centre - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The "banlieues" of ParisUnderstanding the links between immigration and segregation
Jean-Louis Pan Ké Shon
http://jlpks.free.fr [email protected]
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The suburbs of Paris
Definitions of a ‘banlieue’ Urbanized zone outside a city centre
Representation of a ‘banlieue’ + working class or disadvantaged neighbourhoods
Population of the Parisian suburbs
Outer City / Inner Suburb 2
1946 1975 2008
Total 6,6 9,9 11,7
Suburbs
3,9 7,6 9,5
City of Paris ("intra muros")
2,7 2,3 2,2
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Paris, its ‘banlieues’ and the Paris region
Outer City / Inner Suburb 3
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Post-war housing crisis in France
Housing shortage1. 20% of dwellings damaged or destroyed2. Construction backlog of 2 million dwellings3. 3 million sub-standard dwellings
Population increase
Outer City / Inner Suburb 4
1946 1975 2008 Population 40,5 M 52,6 M 63 M Urban
53 % 75 % 95 % Immigration 2 M 3,5 M 5,3 M
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Parisian population growth
Outer City / Inner Suburb 5
A doubling of the Parisian population between 1946 and 1975
Causes of population growth1. Positive natural growth 2. Positive net migration from French regions3. Influx of immigrants and Algerian repatriates
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Paris ‘banlieue’. New high-rise estate in 1964
Outer City / Inner Suburb 6Outer City / Inner Suburb
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Housing estate, Clichy-sous-Bois
Outer City / Inner Suburb 7Outer City / Inner Suburb
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Outer City / Inner Suburb
Population distribution Paris region, 1999
8Outer City / Inner Suburb
30 KM
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Concentration of foreign households. Paris region, 1999
9Outer City / Inner Suburb
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% immigrés Région Paris / total pop. Région Paris
Outer City / Inner Suburb 10
2008
%
Turkish
Italian, Spanish
Other European
Portuguese
Other African
Others
North African
0 1 2 3 4 5
Total proportion of immigrants in Paris region: 17.3 % France: 8.4 %
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1982 1990 1999 Algerian
31.7 31.9 33.4 Moroccan
34.9 32.7 33.3 Tunisian
36.8 36.0 33.2 Sub-Saharan African
35.7 33.3 33.0 Turkish
43.1 44.8 47.0 Portuguese
19.7 18.7 19.7
Segregation in the Paris region
Outer City / Inner Suburb
Source : Préteceille, 2009
Dissimilarity index
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% non-European immigrants
Number of neighbourhoods
Non-European
immigrants
Total population
45-52.4 19 77 698 160 142
52.5-60 4 18 467 32 385
> 60 5 27 727 42 370
Segregation of non-Europeans in the Paris region
Outer City / Inner Suburb
Source : Recensements, Préteceille, 2009
Number of highly segregated neighbourhoods in 1999
12
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Residential mobility of persons leaving disadvantaged neighbourhoods 1990-1999
Outer City / Inner Suburb 13
French nationals who moved: 63.1 % African immigrants who moved: 55.5 %
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Immigrant segregation
Claims• Increase in segregation • Mono-ethnic segregated
neighbourhoods• Residential immobility
• Mobility, but continued segregation
• Immigrants pose problems because of their segregation
• Tendency towards ghettoization
Observations
Outer City / Inner Suburb
• Decrease in segregation • Segregated neighbourhoods are multi-
ethnic • High residential turnover
• Residential mobility of ethnic minorities is generally upward
• The majority of immigrants live outside segregated neighbourhoods
• No ghettoes, but a few hyper-segregated neighbourhoods
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The "banlieues" of ParisUnderstanding the links between immigration and segregation
Jean-Louis Pan Ké Shon
http://jlpks.free.fr [email protected]
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Évolution des effectifs d’immigrés - France
Outer City / Inner Suburb
16
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Immigrés Seine-St-Denis (93) / immigrés région Paris 2008
Outer City / Inner Suburb
Population totale du 93 : 1,5 M Immigrée : 0,4 M
%
17