the applicability of logotherapy as an organisation
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8/20/2019 The Applicability of Logotherapy as an Organisation
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1
THE APPLICABILITY OF LOGOTHERAPY AS AN ORGANISATION
DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTION
by
DANIEL HENDRIK BURGER
THESIS
Submitted in te !u"!i""ment #! te $e%ui$ement& #! te de'$ee
DOCTOR LITTERARUM ET PHILOSOPHIAE
in
INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY
in te
FACULTY OF HUMANITIES
(t te
UNIVERSITY OF )OHANNESBURG
Su*e$+i&#$, P$#!e&&#$ F$eddie C$#u&C#-&u*e$+i&#$, P$#!e&&#$ Ge$t R##dt
O.t#be$ /001
STATEMENT
I .e$ti!y t(t te di&&e$t(ti#n &ubmitted by me !#$ te de'$ee D#.t#$Litte$($um et
Pi"#&#*i(e 2Indu&t$i(" P&y.#"#'y3 (t te Uni+e$&ity #! )#(nne&bu$'4
i& my inde*endent
5#$6 (nd (& n#t been &ubmitted by me !#$ ( de'$ee (t (n#te$ !(.u"ty #$uni+e$&ity7
DANIEL HENDRIK BURGEROCTOBER /001
ii
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ACKNO8LEDGEMENTS
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O.t#be$ /001+
ABSTRACT
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THE APPLICABILITY OF LOGOTHERAPY AS AN ORGANISATION
DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTION
By
D(nie" Hend$i6 Bu$'e$
SUPERVISOR, P$#!e&&#$ F$eddie C$#u&
CO-SUPERVISOR, P$#!e&&#$ Ge$t R##dtDEPARTMENT, De*($tment #! Hum(n Re&#u$.e M(n('ement
F(.u"ty #! Hum(nitie&Uni+e$&ity #! )#(nne&bu$'
DEGREE, D7 Litt7 et Pi"7DATE, N#+embe$ /001
B(.6'$#und
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9
TABLE OF CONTENTS
P('e
St(tement777<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<
=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 iiA.6n#5"ed'ement&
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<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<
=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 +i
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9
T(b"e #! .#ntent&
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777777 9i
Li&t #! !i'u$e&
<=Q777<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<
=Q<=Q77 9i9Li&t #! t(b"e&
<=Q<=Q7<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 99
Li&t #! (nne9u$e&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7
7 99i+
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<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 0
CHAPTER , INTRODUCTION
77 Int$#du.ti#n #! te *$#b"em
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q
7/7 Settin'<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<
=Q<=Q
77 R(ti#n("e !#$ te &tudy<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7<=Q<=Q 1
777 Te $e"(ti#n&i* bet5een #$'(ni&(ti#n(" .(n'e (nd me(nin' in "i!e1
77/7 L#'#te$(*y (nd Le5in<=@& .(n'e m#de"<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q
77 Re"e+(n.e #! te &tudy t# te S#ut A!$i.(n .#nte9t
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q
77 P$#b"em<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<
=Q7 J7J7 Obe.ti+e& #! te &tudy
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7<=Q J
7J77 Lite$(tu$e #be.ti+e&
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<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q 717 Cu$$ent "e+e"& #! 6n#5"ed'e
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q /077 P$#*#&ed +("ue-(dd #! te &tudy
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 //
77 C(*te$ "(y#ut
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 /707 C#n."u&i#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77/J
CHAPTER /, ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE
/77 Int$#du.ti#n
77<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q/1
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10
/7/7 C#n.e*tu("i&in' <=#$'(ni&(ti#n(" .(n'e<=
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77<=Q<=Q<=Q /9i
/77 C(t("y&t& !#$ #$'(ni&(ti#n(" .(n'e7777<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q
/777 C(t("y&t& !#$ .(n'e in te #$'(ni&(ti#n<=@& e9te$n(" en+i$#nment
<=Q7 /
/77/7 C(t("y&t& !#$ .(n'e in te #$'(ni&(ti#n<=@& inte$n(" en+i$#nment<=Q77 1
/77 O$'(ni&(ti#n(" $e&*#n&e& t# .(t("y&t& #! .(n'e<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777
/777 D#5n&iin'<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 /
/77/7 Re&t$u.tu$in'
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/777 Bu&ine&& *$#.e&& $e-en'inee$in'<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 J
/777 Me$'e$& (nd (.%ui&iti#n&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7
/77 Te um(n .#n&e%uen.e& #! #$'(ni&(ti#n(" .(n'e
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 0
/777 Te em#ti#n(" im*(.t #! #$'(ni&(ti#n(" .(n'e<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7
/7777 Te .(u&e& #! &t$e&&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /
/777/7 M#de$(tin' +($i(b"e&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777
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/777 Ob&#"e&.en.e
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/777 Te &u$+i+#$ &ynd$#me<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q J
/77J7 Te <=?ne5 *&y.#"#'i.(" .#nt$(.t<=@ (nd te <=?ne5 .($ee$<=@<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 J
/7717 )#b in&e.u$ity<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 J1
/7J7 Re&i&t(n.e t# .(n'e
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/7J77 Indi+idu(" .(u&e& #! $e&i&t(n.e t# .(n'e<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 1
/7J7/7 O$'(ni&(ti#n(" .(u&e& #! $e&i&t(n.e t# .(n'e<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q
/717 Re(dine&& !#$ .(n'e<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 J
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/77 C#n."u&i#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q/
CHAPTER , ORGANISATION DEVELOPMENT 2OD3
77 Int$#du.ti#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77
7/7 Hi&t#$i.(" !#und(ti#n& #! OD<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77<=Q<=Q<=Q
77 C#n.e*tu("i&in' OD<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 0
77 S.#*e (nd !#.u& #! OD<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q 0
9ii
77 OD inte$+enti#n&
7<=Q7<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q 777 Sen&iti+ity t$(inin'
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 //77/7 Ge&t("t OD
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 /
777 P$#.e&& .#n&u"t(ti#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q /J777 A**$e.i(ti+e in%ui$y
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q /17J7 C#n."u&i#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7/
CHAPTER , VIKTOR E7 FRANKL AND LOGOTHERAPY
77 Int$#du.ti#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77
7/7 F$(n6", Bi#'$(*i.(" n#te&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 /
77 C#n.e*tu("i&in' "#'#te$(*y<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777
77 L#'#te$(*y, *$in.i*"e& (nd !#und(ti#n&
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 J777 Te !i$&t t$i(d
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 1
7777 F$eed#m #! 5i""<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q 1
777/7 Te 5i"" t# me(nin'<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77
7777Te me(nin' #! "i!e
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777
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12
77/7 Te &e.#nd t$i(d
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<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77
777 E9i&tenti(" !$u&t$(ti#n4 te e9i&tenti(" +(.uum (nd n#:'eni.
neu$#&i& 177 A**"ied "#'#te$(*y (nd "#'#te$(*euti. te.ni%ue&
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 /7J7 C#n."u&i#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7
CHAPTER , LOGOTHERAPY AS AN ORGANISATION DEVELOPMENTINTERVENTION
77 Int$#du.ti#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77
7/7 Te im*#$t(n.e #! me(nin' in (nd !#$ te .#ntem*#$($y #$'(ni&(ti#n
J0
7/77 Te #$'(ni&(ti#n (nd 5#$6 (& ( &#u$.e #! me(nin' in "i!e<=Q<=Q<=Q77 J0
7/777 I""u&t$(ti#n& #! te .ent$("ity #! #$'(ni&(ti#n& in me(nin' in
"i!e J/7/77/7 Te <=?&*i$itu("ity (t 5#$6<=@ m#+ement
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7/7/77 Se"!-en(n.ement
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7/7/7/7 O*enne&& t# .(n'e<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 1J
7/7/77 Se"!-t$(n&.enden.e<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777
7/7/77 C#n&e$+(ti#n<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7
7/77 Me(nin' (nd .#mmitment
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 J
7/777 )#b in+#"+ement (nd #..u*(ti#n(" .#mmitment<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777
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7/77 Me(nin'"e&&ne&& in 5#$6, A"ien(ti#n
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77 Te e9i&tenti(" +(.uum (& ( .#n&e%uen.e #! #$'(ni&(ti#n(".(n'e 7<=Q /0
777 Te dete$i#$(ti#n #! t$(diti#n(" +("ue& in .(n'in' #$'(ni&(ti#n&<=Q /0
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77/7 Te in.$e(&in' di+e$&ity #! +("ue #$ient(ti#n& in .(n'in'
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/0777 Te t$('i. t$i(d in .(n'in' #$'(ni&(ti#n&
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<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7
/1
CHAPTER J, RESEARCH DESIGN
J77 Int$#du.ti#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77
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J7/7 Re&e($. (**$#(.<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 /
J77 Hy*#te&e&
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J777 Hy*#te&i&
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q //J77/7 Hy*#te&i& /
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q ///J777 Hy*#te&i&
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q ///J77 S(m*"in'
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=Q //
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J77 Me(&u$in' in&t$ument&
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//1
J7777 St(nd($di&(ti#n<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 //
J777/7 C#n&t$u.t +("idity
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 //
J7777 F(.e +("idity<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /0
J7777 C#ntent +("idity<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q /0
J7777 Re"i(bi"ity<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /
J77/7 O*e$(ti#n("i&in' F$(n6"<=@& .#n.e*tu("i&(ti#n #! me(nin', Te
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J77/77 St(nd($di&(ti#n
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J77/7/7 C#n&t$u.t +("idity<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /
J77/77 F(.e +("idity<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /
J77/77 P$edi.ti+e +("idity
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q /
J77/77 Re"i(bi"ity<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /1
J7J7 P$#.e&& (nd !"#5 #! &tudy<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /1
J717 Te L#'#-OD inte$+enti#n<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 /
J77 St(ti&ti.(" (n("y&i&
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J77 Eti.(" i&&ue&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q //
J777 Eti.(" i&&ue& $e"(tin' t# .#ntent<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /
J77/7 Eti.(" i&&ue& $e"(tin' t# *$#.e&&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /1
J707 C#n."u&i#n
<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777
/J
CHAPTER 1, RESULTS
177 Int$#du.ti#n<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77
/J/
17/7 De&.$i*ti+e &t(ti&ti.&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /J/
17/77 P$e-te&t &(m*"e
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1777 An("y&i& #! te CRI
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9+
177 Te $e"(ti#n&i* bet5een te CRI (nd te PMP<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 /1J
1777 C(n#ni.(" .#$$e"(ti#n<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77 /1J
177/7 Te im*(.t #! CRI '$#u* membe$&i* #n PMP &.#$e&777<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q /11
1777 Te im*(.t #! PMP '$#u* membe$&i* #n CRI &.#$e&
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177 Te&tin' y*#te&e&, In!e$enti(" &t(ti&ti.&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 /
1777 Hy*#te&i& <=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q /
17777 T-te&t& !#$ $e"(ted &(m*"e& in te$m& #! / CRI
dimen&i#n& 777777 /
1777/7 E!!e.t &ie (nd *#5e$ (n("y&e&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /
177/7 Hy*#te&i& /<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 /
177/77 T-te&t& !#$ inde*endent &(m*"e& #n CRI e9*e$iment(" (nd.#nt$#" '$#u*&
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177/77 E!!e.t &ie (nd *#5e$ (n("y&e&
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1777 Hy*#te&i& <=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777 /1
17J7 C#n."u&i#n<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7
/
CHAPTER , DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION
77 Int$#du.ti#n<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77
0
7/7 Re+ie5 #! te &tudy
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77 Re&u"t& #! te "ite$(tu$e &u$+ey
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77/77 Hi&t#$i.(" !#und(ti#n& #! OD
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77/77 F(.t#$ (nd $e"i(bi"ity (n("y&e& #! te CRI
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777 In!e$enti(" &t(ti&ti.&, Te&tin' #! te t$ee y*#te&e&
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77C#n."u&i#n<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7
7 /
9+ii
CHAPTER , CONCLUSION
77 Int$#du.ti#n<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77
0
7/7 Re+ie5 #! $e&e($. .#ndu.ted<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 0
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777 V("ue (dd in te$m& #! *$(.ti.e<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7
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LIST OF TABLES
T(b"e 7, Te *$im($y (nd &e.#nd($y "ite$(tu$e #be.ti+e& #! te .u$$ent&tudy
T(b"e 7/, P#tenti(" e*i.ent$e& (nd#$ .(t("y&t& #! $e&i&t(n.e t# .(n'ein
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T(b"e 7/, 8ebe$i(n +&7 OD (&&um*ti#n&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q77<=Q<=Q
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T(b"e 71, A&*e.t& in."uded in #$'(ni&(ti#n(" &ub&y&tem&<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q
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T(b"e J7, C#$$e"(ti#n& bet5een te PMP (nd .$ite$i#n me(&u$e&
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#$de$!(.t#$&3
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T(b"e 17, F(.t#$ "#(din'& #n &e.#nd-#$de$ !(.t#$& !#$ *$e- (nd *#&tte&t, CRI 777 /1/
T(b"e 170, Re"i(bi"itie& (nd de&.$i*ti+e &t(ti&ti.& #! te PMP (..#$din'
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T(b"e 17, Re"i(bi"itie& (nd de&.$i*ti+e &t(ti&ti.& #! te PMP 2&e.#nd-
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<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777<=Q
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2i' CRI &.#$e&3 +&7 CRI G$#u* 2"#5 CRI &.#$e&3 777<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q
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2i' CRI &.#$e&3 +&7 CRI G$#u* 2"#5 CRI &.#$e&3 <=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q777
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T(b"e 17/, PMP me(n !(.t#$ &.#$e& !#$ G$#u*& / (nd <=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q<=Q7 /0
T(b"e 17//, Inde*endent &(m*"e& t-te&t& #n CRI *$e-te&t &.#$e& #!
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T(b"e 17/, CRI me(n !(.t#$ &.#$e& !#$ indi+idu("& 5# &.#$ed i'4 (nd
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T(b"e 17/, T-te&t& !#$ inde*endent &(m*"e& !#$ G$#u* 2(""*($ti.i*(nt&3 <=Q<=Q7 /0
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T(b"e 17J, L#'i&ti. $e'$e&&i#n (n("y&i& #! PMP (nd bi#'$(*i.(" !(.t#$&
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T(b"e 171, L#'i&ti. $e'$e&&i#n (n("y&i& #! PMP (nd bi#'$(*i.(" !(.t#$&
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LIST OF ANNEURES
Anne9u$e A Cu$$i.u"um Vit(e #! D$ HM 2Te$i(3 S(nt(""Anne9u$e B 8#$6&#* !#$m(t #! L#'#-OD inte$+enti#nAnne9u$e C An e9*"#$(ti#n #! te te&t-$ete&t $e"i(bi"ity #! te CRI (nd
PMPAnne9u$e D Additi#n(" &t(ti&ti.(" !indin'&