the ankle chapter 18 the ankle and lower leg. introduction have you ever sprained your ankle, or do...
TRANSCRIPT
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THE ANKLE
CHAPTER 18
The Ankle and Lower Leg
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Introduction
“Have you ever sprained your ankle, or do you know anyone who has?”
What did you do for it? How long did the pain last? Do you have any problems
with that ankle?
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Anatomy of the Ankle
What bone make up the Ankle joint?
Tibia Fibula Talus Calcaneus
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Online Ankle Quiz
Access the following link and take the online bones of the Ankle quiz.
http://www.csuchico.edu/~sbarker/shock/Anklequiz.html
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Anatomy of the Ankle What type of joint is
the Ankle?
The Ankle joint is a HINGE JOINT
The TALOCRURAL Joint
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Major Ligaments of the Ankle LATERAL ASPECT
Anterior Tibiofibular
Anterior Talofibular- 3
Calcaneofibular- 6
Posterior Talofibular- 9
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Major Ligaments of the Ankle
MEDIAL ASPECT
Posterior Talotibial Posterior
Talocalcaneal Deltoid
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Muscles and Tendons around the Ankle
Achilles Tendon
Peroneal Tendinitis
Anterior Tibialis Tendinitis
Posterior Tibialis Tendinitis
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Common Ankle Injuries
Inverted Ankle Sprain
Everted Ankle Sprain
Ankle Dislocation
Muscle and Tendon Strains
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Inverted Ankle Sprain
Inversion Ankle Sprain- the foot turns inward rolling over the lateral aspect of the ankle.
Most common ankle sprain- about 85% of all ankle sprains
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Everted Ankle Sprain
Eversion Ankle Sprain- the turns inward. The ankle rolls in medially.
Uncommon sprain due to bone support.
Occurs in about 10-15% of ankle sprains.
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Ankle Dislocation/Fracture
Ankle Dislocation -Fracture
Medical Emergency Usually the foot is
inverted. Frequently both the
Tibia and Fibula are fractured.
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Ankle Dislocation/Fracture - Medical Emergency
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Muscle and Tendon Strains
Most common is the Achilles Tendon Strain.
THOMPSON Test the Achilles.
Peroneal tendon sometimes damaged with inversion ankle sprain.
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Video on Ankle Injuries
NOTES on VIDEO:
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Grading Scales for Sprained Ankles
GRADE I
GRADE II
GRADE III
Most common ankle sprain. Mild pain, still weight baring.
More painful, report popping sound. Can not bear weight. Stretching of lateral ligaments of the ankle.
Extreme pain. Usually complete tear of one of the ankle ligaments.
Sometimes fracture occurs also.
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Rehab/Treatment Plan for Sprained Ankles
RICE
Modalities
Exercises
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RICE Rest- stay off the Ankle,
crutches may be needed
Ice- 15 minutes a 4 to 5 times a day
Compression- ace wrap with horseshoe keeps the swelling down
Elevation- keep ankle above heart level when possible, allows gravity to pump out swelling
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Goals of RICE
Limit Swelling
Reduce pain
Return to sport/activity quicker
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Modalities Used
COLD WHIRLPOOL- 15 minutes a couple times
a day Vasoconstrictors vessels
around ankle Stimulates pain killing
receptors Slows cell metabolism Aids in reducing swelling
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Modalities Used HIGH VOLTAGE- Assists in activating pain killing
receptors. Assists in muscle stimulation
around ankle joint to aid in edema removal.
ULTRASOUND- Assists in edema removal. Assists in bringing digestive
enzymes to clean debris cells of the injured ankle.
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Rehab Exercises
Range of Motion ABC’s One leg Stands BAPS Board Towel Curls Toe Pickups Toe Rises Theraband
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Taping Vs. Wrapping
TAPING- Psychologically better
feeling to the athlete Tight fitting at first Tape looses a large
percentage of its support within the first 15-20 minutes of competition
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Taping Vs. Wrapping
WRAPPING- Purpose in wrapping is
injury prevention. Wrapping will not
eliminate sprained ankle, but it does minimize the severity of the sprain.
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Ankle Braces
ANKLE BRACES- Many varieties and types. Lace Up Hinged Air Casts All offer different levels of
support. Large and competitive
business market for ankle braces.
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Ankle Braces
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Ankle Braces
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Ankle Braces
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Video on Cramer Ankle Brace
Notes on Video:
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Questions Over Ankle
Notes: