the african crisis: the future of the developmental state pia 2574
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE AFRICAN CRISIS:THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE
PIA 2574
![Page 2: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Public Sector Reform and SARs
![Page 3: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Author of the Week- Robert Bates
Markets and States in Tropical Africa
Important influence on rational choice theory
THESIS-Need to consider markets and how they
can be distorted by state decisions in terms of producers and prices, consumer goods and factors of production
![Page 4: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Robert H. Bates is Eaton Professor of the Science of Government in the Departments of Government and African and African American Studies, Harvard University
Born: c. 1942
A Major Influence
on Public Policy
Reforms
![Page 5: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Robert Bates Government policy subsidizes urban dwellers
Agricultural production used (or misused) to fund urban capital accumulation and/or capital flight
The state, in effect taxes farmers for state sponsored “crony capitalism” and excessive access “rents”
![Page 6: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Nigerian Cartoon, 2007
![Page 7: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Robert Bates The result is the depression of prices for cash crops
The key to understanding the economic system in Africa is in historical patterns of prices depression that goes back to the colonial period.
Monsopsonies- use of state agencies (often called marketing boards) to control marketing and sales of agricultural products.
![Page 8: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Robert Bates The state distorts agricultural marketing
structures to divert gains to be had from commercial agriculture to other interest groups (the organizational bourgeoisie) employed in the state and in state controlled industries.
Result: the “Exit Option” for rural dwellers
Result- Structural Adjustment
![Page 10: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Colonial Marketing Boards
![Page 11: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Structural Adjustment: The Response to Bates The problem of debt
Stabilization vs. Conditionality
Public Sector Reform- Policy Reform
Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative (HIPC)
![Page 12: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Debt as a problem- Issues:
The concepts of market and productivity
International systemic hegemony
International competition within markets
Complementarities and non-flexible prices
![Page 15: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Policy Reduction and Growth Facility/ Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper
![Page 16: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Technical Assistance Bias to international trade
Back to the future- get the LDC economy back to the 1950s
Dependent development- is it dependent and is it development
![Page 17: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
An African Viewpoint of Poverty Assistance
![Page 18: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The Current State of Financial Management
1. IMF Stabilization- key: currency reform, auctions and trade liberalization
2. World Bank and UNDP "Management"- Opposing views to SAPs
3. Absence of recurrent budgets
![Page 19: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Stabilization Currency Auctions
Food prices meet market conditions
Trade Liberalization
Currency deregulation-auction
Bridging Loans
![Page 20: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The Current State of Financial Management
4. Activity (economy) driven by technical assistance projects - the only game in town
5. Loans and grants- major source of international involvement
6. Conditionality-
![Page 21: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Structural Adjustment Loans and Grantsa. Bridging Loans
b. Sectoral Loans and Grants
c. Project Grants
d. International Requirements vs. domestic political response
![Page 22: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The International Regime IMF vs. World Bank vs. Bilateral Donors vs. UNDP
Terms:
a. Neo-Orthodoxyb. heterodoxyc. Stabilization and the IMF d. Conditionality- World Banke. The Use of social funds
![Page 23: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Conditionality: The Big Threea. privatization
b. Civil Service reform
c. Reduction in the size of government
![Page 25: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
South African Cartoon Attacking PSRs
![Page 26: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Privatization of the economya. divestiture
b. contracting out
c. liquidation
d. sell off public private partnership shares
![Page 27: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
"Privatization fights laziness, privatization fights poverty, privatization fights smuggling, and privatization fights unemployment.“ Kigali, Rwanda
![Page 28: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Problem: Privatization of the bureaucracy
a. Individuals work with investments and the service/commercial sector
b. Departments sell their services- eg. statistics in Zaire/DRC
c. Sub-economic salaries- offices
and telephones- buying soap and
selling chickens and eggs
![Page 29: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Solution: Privatization of the bureaucracy
d. International conditions for "good" bureaucrats, eg. World Bank in Uganda- special salaries for those on contract with the project
e. Overall Goal: Return to the recurrent budgeting process of the 1950s. End debt and deficits
![Page 30: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
IGEMBE KENYA
![Page 31: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Discussion
What are the Major Issues Effecting African Development?
![Page 32: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Is This Fair?
![Page 33: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Books for the Week Michela Wrong, In The Footsteps of Mr.
Kurtz (New York: Harper Collins, 2002).
![Page 34: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Books of the Week Mark Bowden, Blackhawk Down (New
York: Penguin, 2000).
![Page 35: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Books of The Week Gillian Slovo, Every Secret Thing (London:
Virago, 2009)
![Page 36: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
“Ag Pleez Daddy” (1961) Gillian Slovo uses this song to demonstrate the
distance between her childhood and her parents’ fight against apartheid. She, along with Robyn Slovo and Shawn Slovo would sing the song incessently driving with their parents Ruth First and Joe Slovo around Johannesburg.
“Censored version”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Hr75pqA8bo
http://multimedia.timeslive.co.za/audio/2009/03/joe-slovo-on-chris-hani-from-the-archives/
![Page 37: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Questions What argument does each of our authors
make about the nature of the African crisis? Critique our authors.
What picture of northern influence over African states does the reading give us? Critique our authors.
What picture of African influence over structural adjustment does the reading give us? Critique each of our authors.
![Page 38: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
More Questions
Defend the Western Style multi-party system of government. Critique military regimes.
Defend military intervention in politics. Critique one party regimes.
Assess the positive and negative impact of what Picard calls "the administrative State."
![Page 39: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
And More What argument does each of our authors make about the
nature of the African crisis? Critique our authors.
What picture does northern infuluence over African states does the reading give us?
What picture of African infuence over structural adjustment does the reading give us?
What is the best model of development for Africa? Which comes first? Economic Development or Political Development?
![Page 40: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
And Finally? What argument does each of our authors make about the
nature of colonialism? What picture of European influence over Africa does the reading give us? What major similarities and differences do you see between and among our authors.
What picture of African resistance and strength does the reading give us? Critique each of our authors our authors. Are there regional differences in Africa with regard to colonialism?
How much of "traditional" Africa survived in terms of social, economic and political patterns? Critique our readings on this issue.
![Page 41: THE AFRICAN CRISIS: THE FUTURE OF THE DEVELOPMENTAL STATE PIA 2574](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062801/56649e265503460f94b16a11/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Final Exam Questions
See Picard Website