The 8 Features of Living Things

The 8 Features of Living Things

October 5 & 6 October 5 & 6

1. Living things are made of cells.1. Living things are made of cells.• cell is basic unit of life.

• unicellular and mulitcellular organisms

• ex. humans, bacteria

• cell is basic unit of life.

• unicellular and mulitcellular organisms

• ex. humans, bacteria

2. Living things reproduce2. Living things reproduce• sexual or asexual reproduction

• ex. mammals, amoeba

• sexual or asexual reproduction

• ex. mammals, amoeba

3. Living things grow 3. Living things grow

• increase in SIZE

• ex. Humans, dogs, elephants

• increase in SIZE

• ex. Humans, dogs, elephants

4. Living things develop 4. Living things develop

• change in FORM

• ex. Caterpillar into butterfly

infant into adult

• change in FORM

• ex. Caterpillar into butterfly

infant into adult

5. Living things need food.5. Living things need food.

• consumer

• producers

• ex. plants, animals

• consumer

• producers

• ex. plants, animals

6. Living things use energy6. Living things use energy

• obtain energy(ability to do work) from food

• ex. process of cellular respiration

• obtain energy(ability to do work) from food

• ex. process of cellular respiration

7. Living things respond7. Living things respond

• Respond to changes in the environment

• An individual responds to a stimulus

• ex. cold environment causes shivering– Hot causes sweating– Pupils dilate in the shade & constrict in the sun.

• Respond to changes in the environment

• An individual responds to a stimulus

• ex. cold environment causes shivering– Hot causes sweating– Pupils dilate in the shade & constrict in the sun.

8. Living things are adapted to their environment

8. Living things are adapted to their environment• adaptation enables living things to survive in their

environment• Long-term change over a species

• ex. white polar bears blending in with the snow– Dandelions spread their seeds in the wind– Animals with bright coloring; frogs, snakes,

• adaptation enables living things to survive in their environment

• Long-term change over a species

• ex. white polar bears blending in with the snow– Dandelions spread their seeds in the wind– Animals with bright coloring; frogs, snakes,

Levels of Biological OrganizationLevels of Biological Organization

1. Organism• An individual living system• Examples:

• Animals, plants, fungus,• micro-organisms (protists or bacteria)

1. Organism• An individual living system• Examples:

• Animals, plants, fungus,• micro-organisms (protists or bacteria)

• Example: Human• Example: Human

2. Organ Systems2. Organ Systems

• Collection of organs that work together to perform a specific function– Examples of

systems:• nervous system &• digestive system

• Collection of organs that work together to perform a specific function– Examples of

systems:• nervous system &• digestive system

3. Organ3. Organ

• Collection of tissues that perform a specific function– Examples:

• skin, lungs, stomach

• Collection of tissues that perform a specific function– Examples:

• skin, lungs, stomach

4. Tissue4. Tissue

• A collection of cells that perform a similar function.

• A collection of cells that perform a similar function.

5. Cells5. Cells

• Basic unit of life– Unicellular vs. multicellular

• (bacteria vs. humans)

• Basic unit of life– Unicellular vs. multicellular

• (bacteria vs. humans)

The Discovery of the CellThe Discovery of the Cell

• Robert Hooke – 1665 – 1st viewed cork

cells using an early microscope

– He saw tiny chambers and called them “cells”.

• Robert Hooke – 1665 – 1st viewed cork

cells using an early microscope

– He saw tiny chambers and called them “cells”.

1. ALL living things are composed of cells.1. ALL living things are composed of cells.

MushroomE. coli

The Cell Theory:

Amoeba

Daisy

Tiger

2. Cells are the basic units ofstructure and function in living things.

2. Cells are the basic units ofstructure and function in living things.Organism

Organ System

Organ

Tissue

Cells

3. New cells are formed from existing cells.