the 15 presidents of the philippines

8/9/2019 The 15 Presidents of the Philippines

1/33

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

938 Aurora Blvd. Cubao, Queo! C"#$

“THE 15 PRESIDENTS OF THE PHILIPPINES”

A%%"&!'e!# "! P("l"))"!e H"%#or$

Sub'"##ed B$*

Gerardo L. Lo

EC+FB

Sub'"##ed To*

-r. Er!e%#o Pa'o

ul$ +/, +01


2/33

EMILIO F. AGUINALDO

Complete name E'"l"o Fa'$ A&u"!aldoTe!m o" O""#$e 2ar( ++, 894 5 A)r"l , 90

%o!n 2ar( ++, 869D#e& Februar$ 6, 961 7e#era!% 2e'or"al Ho%)"#al,Queo! C"#$

%#!t'pla$e a"#, Cav"#eRe(t#n) pla$e A&u"!aldo S(r"!e

Gene!al Em#l#o F. A)*#nal&o :2ar( ++, 869 ; Februar$6, 961"le "!

Ho!&?o!&, a!d #(e! a 'o!#( la#er a% Pre%"de!# o= #(e @evolu#"o!ar$ Gover!'e!# #(a# A)ol"!ar"o

2ab"!" (ad )er%uaded ("' %(ould "!%#ead be "!%#"#u#ed.A&u"!aldo% )re%"de!#"al #er' =or'all$ be&a! "! 898 a!d e!ded o! A)r"l , 90, (e!

(e #oo? a! oa#( o= alle&"a!e #o #(e U!"#ed S#a#e% a ee? a=#er ("% a)#ure "! Pala!a!, I%abela.H"% #er' al%o =ea#ured #(e %e##"!& u) o= #(e 2alolo% @e)ubl", ("( (a% "#% o! Co!&re%%,

Co!%#"#u#"o!, a!d !a#"o!al a!d loal o==""aldo' ;; )rov"!& F"l")"!o% al%o (ad #(e a)a"#$ #o

bu"ld. A&u"!aldo "% be%# re'e'bered =or #(e )rola'a#"o! o= P("l"))"!e I!de)e!de!e o! u!e

+, 898, "! a"#, Cav"#e.

Em#l#o A)*#nal&o :Bor!; 2ar( ++, 869, d"ed; Februar$ 6, 961<:Pre%"de!# o= #(e F"r%# P("l"))"!e @e)ubl" Ter'* 898; 90< "% a F"l")"!o leader (o =ou&(#

="r%# a&a"!%# S)a"! a!d la#er a&a"!%# #(e U!"#ed S#a#e% =or #(e I!de)e!de!e o= #(e P("l"))"!e%.

Bor! o= C("!e%e a!d F"l")"!o )are!#a&e, Ge!. E'"l"o A&u"!aldo, (o' )rov"de!e (ad

)laed a% #(e %u)re'e leader o= ("% )eo)le a# #(e r"#"al )er"od "! #(e"r ("%#or$. He a% bor! "!

a"#, Cav"#e, o! 2ar( ++, 869. He a% #(e %eve!#( a'o!& e"&(# ("ldre! o= #(e %)ou%e%Carlo% A&u"!aldo a!d Tr"!"dad Fa'$.

He #oo? u) ("% %eo!dar$ our%e a# #(e Le#ra! de 2a!"la (ere (e ="!"%(ed o!l$ #(ree $ear%

o= ("&( %(ool. H"% =avor"#e %ube# a% &eo&ra)($. He d"d !o# ="!"%( #(e %eo!dar$ our%e

edua#"o!.

A# #(e a&e o= 4, E'"l"o a% ele#ed a% abea de bara!&a$ o= B"!a?a$a!, #(e 'o%#

)ro&re%%"ve barr"o o= a"#, Cav"#e. He %erved =or ("% #o!;'a#e% =or e"&(# $ear%. He al%o

e!&a&ed "! "!#er;"%la!d %("))"!&, #ravell"!& a% =ar a% 7"%a$a% a!d eve! olo, P("l"))"!e%. O!

a!uar$ , 89/, (e a% ele#ed a)"#a! 'u!"")al o= a"# #(e ="r%# #o bear #(a# #"#le "!aorda!e "#( #(e 2auro La. A# #(a# #"'e a a)"#a! 'u!"")al ree"ved !o %alar$ e>e)# 3

o= #a>e% (e ould olle#. I! Au&u%# 896 (e a% #(e loal leader o= #(e a#")u!a!, a

revolu#"o!ar$ %o"e#$ #(a# =ou&(# b"##erl$ a!d %ue%%=ull$ a&a"!%# S)a!"%(. I! -ee'ber 894 (e

http://www.amazon.com/Cavite-Ian-Gamazon/dp/B000G6BM1E?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969http://www.amazon.com/Houses-Philippines-Aguinaldo-Butterfly-Sanctuary/dp/1156026180?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969http://www.amazon.com/Houses-Philippines-Aguinaldo-Butterfly-Sanctuary/dp/1156026180?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969http://www.amazon.com/Cavite-Ian-Gamazon/dp/B000G6BM1E?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969


3/33

%"&!ed a! a&ree'e!# alled #(e Pa# o= B"a;!a;Ba#o "#( #(e S)a!"%( &over!or;&e!eral. He

a&reed #o leave #(e P("l"))"!e% a!d #o re'a"! )er'a!e!#l$ "! e>"le o! o!d"#"o! o= a %ub%#a!#"al

="!a!"al aard =ro' S)a"! ou)led "#( #(e )ro'"%e o= l"beral re=or'%. D("le "! Ho!& o!&a!d S"!&a)ore (e 'ade arra!&e'e!# "#( re)re%e!#a#"ve o= #(e A'er"a! o!%ula#e% a!d o=

Co''odore Geor&e -ee$ #o re#ur! #o #(e P("l"))"!e% #o a%%"%# #(e U!"#ed S#a#e% "! #(e ara&a"!%# S)a"!.

A&u"!aldo re#ur! #o #(e P("l"))"!e% o! 2a$ 9, 898 a!d a!!ou!ed re!eal o= #(e%#ru&&le "#( S)a"!. U)o! #(e adv"e o= A)ol"!ar"o 2ab"!" #o A&u"!aldo (e %(ould (a!&e #(e

=or' o= d"#a#or%(") #o )re%"de!# o= revolu#"o!ar$ &over!'e!#. T(e F"l")"!o%, (o delared #(e"r

"!de)e!de!e o= S)a"! o! u!e +, 898, )rola"'ed a )rov"%"o!al re)ubl", o= ("( A&u"!aldoa% #o bea'e )re%"de!#, a!d "! Se)#e'ber a revolu#"o!ar$ a%%e'bl$ 'e# a!d ra#"="ed F"l")"!o

"!de)e!de!e. Hoever, #(e P("l"))"!e% alo!& "#( Puer#o @"o a!d Gua' ere eded b$ S)a"!

#o #(e U!"#ed S#a#e% b$ #(e Trea#$ o= Par"%, -ee'ber 0, 898.

@ela#"o! be#ee! #(e A'er"a!% a!d #(e F"l")"!o% ere u!=r"e!dl$ a!d &re %#ead"l$or%e. O! a!uar$ +3, 899, #(e 2alolo% o!%#"#u#"o! b$ v"r#ue o= ("( #(e P("l"))"!e% a% a

re)ubl" a!d ("( (e (ad bee! a))roved b$ #(e a%%e'bl$ a!d b$ A&u"!aldo a% )rola"'ed.

A&u"!aldo, (o (ad bee! )re%"de!# o= #(e )rov"%"o!al &over!'e!#, a% ele#ed )re%"de!#.

A&u"!aldo =or'all$ e%#abl"%(ed #(e ="r%# P("l"))"!e re)ubl". He al%o de%"&!a#ed d")lo'a#%(o ere a%%"&!ed "! #(e 'aor orld a)"#al% #o %ee? reo&!"#"o! o= P("l"))"!e "!de)e!de!e.

I! 93/ (e! #(e o''o!eal#( &over!'e!# o= #(e P("l"))"!e% a% e%#abl"%(ed "!

)re)ara#"o! =or "!de)e!de!e, A&u"!aldo ra! =or )re%"de!# bu# a% de"%"vel$ bea#e!. He

re#ur!ed #o )r"va#e l"=e u!#"l #(e a)a!e%e "!vaded #(e P("l"))"!e% "! 91. T(e a)a!e%e u%ed

A&u"!aldo a% a! a!#";A'er"a! #ool. T(e$ au%ed ("' #o 'a?e %)ee(e%, #o %"&! ar#"le%, a!d #oaddre%% a rad"o a))eal #o Ge!eral -ou&la% 2Ar#(ur o! Corre&"dor #o %urre!der "! order #o %)are

#(e =loer o= F"l")"!o $ou#(.

D(e! #(e A'er"a!% re#ur!ed, A&u"!aldo a% arre%#ed a!d #o&e#(er "#( #(e o#(er% au%ed

o= ollabora#"o! "#( #(e a)a!e%e a% (eld =or %everal 'o!#(% "! B"l"b"d Pr"%o! u!#"l relea%ed b$

)re%"de!#"al a'!e%#$. A% a #o?e! v"!d"a#"o! o= ("% (o!or, (e a% a))o"!#ed b$ )re%"de!# El)"d"o

Qu"r"!o a% a 'e'ber o= #(e Cou!"l o= S#a#e "! 9/0. I! #(e la##er $ear% o= ("% l"=e, (e devo#ed ("%'aor a##e!#"o! #o ve#era!% a==a"r%, #(e )ro'o#"o! o= !a#"o!al"%' a!d de'ora$ "! #(e

P("l"))"!e%, a!d #(e "')rove'e!# o= rela#"o! be#ee! #(e P("l"))"!e% a!d #(e U!"#ed S#a#e%.

A&u"!aldo re%u'ed ("% l"=e o= re#"re'e!#. I! u!e +, 963, o! #(e oa%"o! o= #(eelebra#"o! o= P("l"))"!e "!de)e!de!e, A&u"!aldo ve"led ("% ("%#or" 'a!%"o! "! a"#, #o&e#(er "#( all #(e rel"% o!#a"!ed #(ere"!, #o #(e P("l"))"!e &over!'e!#.

O! Februar$ 6, 961, (e d"ed a# #(e a&e o= 9/ $ear% old.


4/33

MANUEL LUIS M. +UE,ON

Complete name 2a!uel Lu"% 2ol"!a Queo!Te!m o" O""#$e Au&u%# +9, 96 5 Nove'ber /, 93/%o!n Au&u%# 9, 848

D#e& Au&u%# , 911 Sara!a La?e, Ne or? %#!t'pla$e Baler , AuroraRe(t#n) pla$e Queo! C"#$ 2e'or"al C"rle

Man*el L. +*e-on :Au&u%# 9, 848 ; Au&u%# , 911)er"e!e #(a# a))ealed #o F"l")"!o%. He (ad a ba(elor o= ar#% de&ree,

%#ud"ed la, a!d la!ded =our#( )lae "! #(e 903 Bar e>a'"!a#"o!%. He %erved "! #(e revolu#"o!,="&(#"!& "! Tarla, Pa')a!&a, a!d Ba#aa!, a!d e!ded u) "#( #(e ra!? o= 'aor. He a%

a))o"!#ed )rov"!"al ="%al o= 2"!doro a!d Ta$aba%, ("% (o'e )rov"!e. He a% ele#ed &over!or

o= Ta$aba% "! 90/ a!d "! 904, ="r%# a%%e'bl$'a! =ro' #(e )rov"!e #o #(e F"r%# P("l"))"!e

Na#"o!al A%%e'bl$. I! 909, (e a% a))o"!#ed re%"de!# o''"%%"o!er #o #(e U.S. a!d (e! (e="!"%(ed ("% #er' a=#er e"&(# $ear%, (e re#ur!ed #o #(e P("l"))"!e% #o beo'e Pre%"de!# o= #(e

P("l"))"!e Se!a#e, rea#ed b$ #(e o!e% La. He a% al%o #o) 'a! o= #(e rul"!& Na"o!al"%#a

Par#$.Queo!% #er' :93/ ; 911#re'el$

de)e!de!# u)o! #(e U.S. He a% al%o re'e'bered =or #a?"!& e>eu#"ve a!d le&"%la#"ve a#"o!% #o

"')le'e!# ("% %o"al u%#"e )ro&ra' a"'ed a# #(e u!der)r"v"le&ed.T(e Co''o!eal#( Gover!'e!# a% "!#erru)#ed b$ #(e a)a!e%e "!va%"o! o= 91. Queo! a!d

("% &over!'e!# ere =ored #o &o "!#o e>"le "! #(e U.S. He d"ed o! Au&u%# , 911, "! Ne

or?.

Man*el L. +*e-on :Bor!; Au&u%# 9, 848, d"ed; Au&u%# , 911


5/33

Bor! "! #(e %'all #o! o= Baler )rov"!e o= Ta$aba% o! Au&u%# 9, 848. H"% )are!#% are Lu"o

Queo! a!d 2ar"a -olore% 2ol"!a, %(ool #ea(er a!d %'all la!d(older o= Ta&alo& de%e!# o!

#(e )ar# o= %ou#(er! Luo!. 2a!uel %)e!# #(e earl$ $ear% o= ("% ("ld(ood "! ("% (o'e#o!

a'o!& #(e o''o! )eo)le. H"% ="r%# #ea(er a% ("% 'o#(er. He e!rolled a# #(e Sa! ua! deLe#ra! olle&e, o!e o= #(e lead"!& "!%#"#u#"o!% o= lear!"!& "! #(e a)"#al "#$. Queo! $ear% a# Sa!

ua! de Le#ra! a% a %el=;%u))or#"!& %#ude!# brou&(# ou# o= ("% la#e!# )o#e!#"al"#"e%. He ="!"%(ed

Ba(elor o= Ar#% de&ree a# #(e a&e o= %">#ee!.

He u# %(or# ("% la %#ud"e% a# #(e U!"ver%"#$ o= Sa!#o To'a% "! 2a!"la "! 899 #o )ar#"")a#e "!#(e %#ru&&le =or "!de)e!de!e a&a"!%# #(e U!"#ed S#a#e%, led b$ E'"l"o A&u"!aldo. A=#er

A&u"!aldo %urre!dered "! 90, (oever, Queo! re#ur!ed #o #(e U!"ver%"#$, ob#a"!ed ("% de&ree

:903"le, %erved a% a 'e'ber

o= #(e Pa"=" ar ou!"l, %"&!ed #(e delara#"o! o= #(e U!"#ed Na#"o!% a&a"!%# #(e =a%"%# !a#"o!,a!d ro#e ("% au#ob"o&ra)($, KT(e Good F"&(#K :916.


6/33

2arr"ed #o -oJa Aurora Ara&o! Queo!, !o deea%ed. O= #(e"r #(ree ("ldre!, #o are al"ve,

#(e$ are e!a"da Queo! Ava!eJa a!d 2a!uel Queo! r.

2a!uel L. Queo! be%# re'e'bered a% #(e KFa#(er o= P("l"))"!e La!&ua&eK :A'a !& D"?a!&

F"l")"!o


7/33

A=#er #(e Pearl Harbor a##a?. Laurel re'a"!ed "! 2a!"la a=#er Pre%"de!# 2a!uel Queo!

e%a)ed ="r%# #o Ba#aa! a!d #(e! #o #(e U!"#ed S#a#e%. He o==ered ("% %erv"e% #o #(e a)a!e%e a!d

beau%e o= ("% r"#""%' o= U.S. rule o= #(e P("l"))"!e%, (e (eld a %er"e% o= ("&( )o%#% "! 91+;13,l"'a>"!& "! ("% %ele#"o! a% Pre%"de!# "! 913. T"e "! #(a# $ear (e a% %(o# b$ P("l"))"!e

&uerr"lla% bu# reovered, a=#er #(e "!"de!# Laurel %#"ll (eld ("% )o%# #o %erved #(e F"l")"!o )eo)le.

I# add% ("% ea&er!e%% a!d "ll"!&!e%% #o be o= %erv"e #o ("% ou!#r$'e!.

Laurel ad'"!"%#ra#"o! d"d !o# la%# lo!& beau%e (e! #(e a)a!e%e ou)a#"o! !ear #o olla)%e,a'a%("#a, a a)a!e%e leader ordered ("% #roo)% #o br"!& Laurel ou# =ro' #(e P("l"))"!e%, (e a%

brou&(# #o a)a!.

I! Au&u%# /, 91/, a)a!e%e %urre!dered #o A'er"a!%. Ge!eral 2Ar#(ur order L#. Col. Tur!er

#o arre%# Laurel a!d o')a!$ =or a a%e o= KCollabora#"o!K. T(e$ ="!all$ arre%#ed "! #(e C"#$ o= Nara, a)a! a!d #e')orar$ a"led a# Su&a!o Pr"%o! !ear To?$o, a)a!. I! ul$ 916 (e a%

(ar&ed "#( 3+ ou!#% o= #rea%o!, bu# a% !ever brou&(# #o #r"al (e %(ared "! #(e &e!eral

a'!e%#$ "! A)r"l 918.

A% #(e Na#"o!al"%# Par#$M% !o'"!ee =or #(e )re%"de!$ o= #(e P("l"))"!e% "! 919, (e a%!arrol$ de=ea#ed b$ #(e "!u'be!# )re%"de!#, El)"d"o Qu"r"!o, !o'"!ee o= #(e L"beral Par#$.

Ele#ed #o #(e Se!a#e "! 9/, Laurel (el)ed #o )er%uade @a'o! 2a&%a$%a$, #(e! %ere#ar$ o=

de=e!%e, #o de%er# #(e L"beral% a!d o"! #(e Na#"o!al"%#. D(e! 2a&%a$%a$ bea'e )re%"de!#,Laurel (eaded a! eo!o'" '"%%"o! #(a# "! 9// !e&o#"a#ed a! a&ree'e!# #o "')rove eo!o'"

rela#"o!% "#( #(e U!"#ed S#a#e%. He re#"red =ro' )ubl" l"=e "! 9/4.

2arr"ed #o 2r%. Pae!"a H"dal&o, o= #(e"r !"!e ("ldre!, 'o%# o= #(e' are al"ve a!d a#"ve "!

)ol"#"% l"?e, =or'er v"e )re%"de!# Salvador P. Laurel, =or'er %e!a#or So#ero Laurel a!d e>;%)ea?er o%e Laurel r.


8/33

SERGIO S. OSME/A

Complete name Ser&"o Su"o O%'eJaTe!m o" O""#$e Au&u%# , 911 5 2a$ +8, 916%o!n Se)#e'ber 9, 848

D#e& O#ober 9, 96 7e#era!% 2e'or"al Ho%)"#al,Queo! C"#$

%#!t'pla$e Cebu C"#$Re(t#n) pla$e 2a!"la Nor#( Ce'e#er$

Se!)#o O(mena :Se)#e'ber 9, 848 ; O#ober 9, 96"le.

O%'e!a a% a !o#able ="&ure "! #(e %#ru&&le =or "!de)e!de!e. A la$er, (e e%)ou%ed #(eau%e o= "!de)e!de!e #(rou&( )eae=ul 'ea!% a% ed"#or o= #(e Cebu !e%)a)er El Nuevo

Dia :Ne -a$


9/33

P("l"))"!e% =ro' 911 #o 916.

He a% bor! "! Cebu, o! Se)#e'ber 9, 848. So! o= ua!a O%'eJa . Su"o. H"% b"r#( )lae a%

a 'ed"u' %"ed (ou%e o= ood "#( #"! a! roo="!&. He a% brou&(# u) "! a (ole%o'e

a#'o%)(ere. He a% e!rolled b$ ("% 'o#(er "! a )r"va#e %(ool o= 2"&uel Lo&ar#a, a loalla$er;edua#or, !o# lo!& be=ore #(e la##er d"%overed (o "!#elle#uall$ &"=#ed ("% $ou!& )u)"l

a%, la#er (e e!#ered #(e Se'"!ar$ Colle&e o= Sa! Carlo% =or ("% %eo!dar$ our%e. I! 89+, (e="!"%(ed ("% %#ud"e% "! Sa! Carlo%. To )ur%ue ("% %#ud"e% (e o'e #o 2a!"la a!d %#ud"ed a# Le#ra!,(e ="r%# 'e# 2a!uel L. Queo!, o!e o= ("% la%%'a#e%. He #oo? u) la a# #(e U!"ver%"#$ o= Sa!#o

To'a%, al#(ou&( ("% %#ud"e% a% "!#erru)#ed b$ #(e ar o!=l"# be#ee! S)a"! a!d A'er"a, (e

a!d #(e re%# o= ("% la%%'a#e% ere alloed b$ #(e Su)re'e Cour# #o #a?e #(e e>a'"!a#"o!% "!

#(a# $ear o= 903, (e &o# a! avera&e o= 9/.66 %eo!d )laer "! #(e bar e>a'"!a#"o!.

A la$er, (e e%)ou%ed #(e au%e o= "!de)e!de!e #(rou&( )eae=ul 'ea!% a% ed"#or o= #(e Cebu

!e%)a)er El Nuevo -"a :Ne -a$a%, (o bea'e #(e ="r%# )re%"de!# o= #(e"!de)e!de!# re)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%.

O%'eJa #(erea=#er re#"red #o ("% (o'e#o! "! Cebu, (ere (e %)e!# #(e re'a"!"!& o= ("% l"=e,

u!#"l (e d"ed o! O#ober 9, 96 a# #(e a&e o= 83, "#( ("% dea#( #(e !a#"o! lo%# a #oer"!&


10/33


11/33

P("l"))"!e% Ter'* ul$ 1, 916; A)r"l /, 918<

Pol"#"al leader a!d ="r%# )re%"de!# o= #(e "!de)e!de!e re)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%.

T(e %"lver #o!&ued &e!"u%; =or a &e!"u% "!deed, a% bor! o! a!uar$ , 89+, "! Ca)" :re!a'ed@o>a% C"#$ :919a' (o' (e &o# %# )laer, (e #(e! bea'e )ro=e%%or a# #(eP("l"))"!e La S(ool a!d Na#"o!al U!"ver%"#$. U)o! lear!"!& #(e e>elle!# reord% o= @o>a%

=or'er ("e= u%#"e Ca$e#a!o S. Arella!o, o==ered ("' #o be ("% %ere#ar$ o= #(e Su)re'e Cour#.

@o>a% be&a! ("% )ol"#"al areer "! 94 a% a 'e'ber o= #(e 'u!"")al ou!"l o= ("% (o'e#o!

Ca)" "! Pa!a$ I%la!d. He a% &over!or o= #(e )rov"!e o= Ca)" "! 99;9+ a!d a% #(e!ele#ed #o #(e P("l"))"!e Hou%e o= @e)re%e!#a#"ve, %ub%eue!#l$ %erv"!& a% S)ea?er o= #(e Hou%e

a!d a 'e'ber o= #(e Cou!"l o= S#a#e. I! 9+3 (e a!d 2a!uel Queo!, #(e )re%"de!# o= #(e

%e!a#e, re%"&!ed "! )ro#e%# =ro' #(e Cou!"l o= S#a#e (e! #(e U.S. &over!or;&e!eral :Leo!ardDooda% a!d Ser&"o

O%'eJa, #(e Na"o!al"%#a Par#$ leader, led #(e P("l"))"!e "!de)e!de!e '"%%"o! #o Da%("!o!

-.C., (ere #(e$ "!=lue!ed #(e )a%%a&e o= #e( Hare;Hae%;Cu##"!& A#. @o>a% a% la#ero))o%ed b$ Queo!, (o (eld #(a# #(e a# o')ro'"%ed =u#ure P("l"))"!e "!de)e!de!e #(e

Na"o!al"%#a Par#$ a% %)l"# be#ee! #(e' o! #("% "%%ue. I! 931, (oever, @o>a% a% a 'e'ber

o= #(e o!ve!#"o! #(a# dre u) a o!%#"#u#"o! u!der #(e rev"%ed P("l"))"!e I!de)e!de!e a!dCo''o!eal#( A# :T$d"!&% 2-u=="e A#a% al%o %erved a% Sere#ar$ o= F"!a!e "! #(e

Co''o!eal#( &over!'e!# :938;910


12/33

#(e ou!#r$%"de. H"% (eav$;(a!ded a##e')#% #o ru%( #(e Hu?% led #o "de%)read )ea%a!#

d"%a==e#"o!.

@o>a% d"d !o# %#a$ lo!& "! o=="e beau%e o= (ear# a##a? u)o! a %)ee( "! a! oa%%"o! "! #(e

Clar? A"r Ba%e "! A)r"l /, 918 a!d a% %ueeded b$ ("% v"e )re%"de!# El)"d"o Qu"r"!o.

2a!uel @o>a% bereaved "=e -oJa Tr"!"dad de Leo! a!d ("ldre! @ub$ a!d Gerardo @o>a% (o

bea'e o!&re%%'a!, %e!a#or, a!d a leader o= L"beral Par#$.

He d"ed a# #(e a&e o= 11.

2arr"ed #o -oJa Tr"!"dad de Leo! @o>a%. D(o "% ver$ a#"ve "! #(e P("l"))"!e %o"e#$. T(e"r #o("ldre! @ub$, (o "% a#"ve a!d "!volved "! =u!#"o!% o''e'ora#"!& #(e 'e'or$ o= (er la#e

=a#(er a!d =or'er %e!a#or Gerr$ @o>a%, #(e"r o!l$ %o!, d"ed %everal $ear% a&o.

ELPIDIO R. +UIRINO

Complete name El)"d"o @"vera Qu"r"!oTe!m o" O""#$e A)r"l 4, 918 5 -ee'ber 30, 9/3%o!n Nove'ber 6, 890D#e& Februar$ +9, 9/6 Noval"(e%, Queo! C"#$%#!t'pla$e 7"&a!, Iloo% Sur Re(t#n) pla$e 2a!"la Sou#( Ce'e#er$

Elp#o +*#!#no :Nove'ber 6, 890 ; Februar$ +8,9/6a% dea#(. A!d, (e 'a!a&ed #o re#a"! #(e )o%"#"o! a=#er "!!"!& over Laurel "! #(e "!=a'ou%

=raud;#a"!#ed 919 ele#"o!%.

Qu"r"!o a% bor! "! 7"&a!, Iloo% Sur, ="!"%(ed la %#ud"e% a# UP "! 9/, a!d (urdled

#(e Bar e>a'"!a#"o!% "! #(e %a'e $ear. H"% )ol"#"al areer %#ar#ed "#( ("% ele#"o! a% are)re%e!#a#"ve o= Iloo% Sur "! 99, #(e! a% a %e!a#or "! 9+/, a!d a&a"! reele#ed "! 93.

Pre%"de!# Queo! a))o"!#ed ("' a% %ere#ar$ o= ="!a!e a!d #(e! %ere#ar$ o= #(e "!#er"or "! #(e

Co''o!eal#( Gover!'e!#. A% @o>a% 7"e Pre%"de!#, (e %erved o!urre!#l$ ="r%# a% %ere#ar$o= ="!a!e a!d la#er a% %ere#ar$ o= =ore"&! a==a"r%.

T(e Qu"r"!o ad'"!"%#ra#"o! :918 ; 9/3< =ou%ed o! #o obe#"ve%* < #o re&a"! =a"#(

a!d o!="de!e "! #(e &over!'e!# a!d +< #o re%#ore )eae a!d order. He a% 'ore %ue%%=ul "!#(e %eo!d obe#"ve 5 brea?"!& #(e ba? o= #(e Hu?bala(a) 2ove'e!# "! Ce!#ral Luo!. I!

add"#"o!, (e a% red"#ed "#( %)o!%or"!& #(e &ro#( o= "!du%#r"al ve!#ure%, e>)a!d"!& "rr"&a#"o!,

"')rov"!& #(e road %$%#e', a!d %e##"!& u) #(e Ce!#ral Ba!? a!d rural ba!?"!&. I# a% al%o dur"!&

("% #er' #(a# #(e @P;US 2u#ual -e=e!%e Trea#$ a% a))roved o! Au&u%# 30, 9/.


13/33

Elp#o R. +*#!#no

:Bor!; Nove'ber 6, 890, d"ed; Februar$ +8, 9/6<

Seo!d Pre%"de!#, T("rd @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%:Ter'* A)r"l 4, 918; Nove'ber 0, 9/3<

Pol"#"al leader a!d %eo!d )re%"de!# o= #(e I!de)e!de!e @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%.

He a% bor! o! Nove'ber 6, 890 "! 7"&a!, Iloo% Sur.

A=#er ob#a"!"!& a la de&ree =ro' #(e U!"ver%"#$ o= #(e P("l"))"!e% "! 9/, Qu"r"!o )ra#"ed

la u!#"l (e a% ele#ed a% 'e'ber o= P("l"))"!e Hou%e o= @e)re%e!#a#"ve "! 99;+/ a!d a%

%e!a#or "! 9+/;93. I! 931 (e a% a 'e'ber o= #(e P("l"))"!e I!de)e!de!e '"%%"o! #o

Da%("!o! -.C., (eaded b$ 2a!uel Queo!, ("( %eured #(e )a%%a&e "! Co!&re%% o= #(eT$d"!&%;2-u=="e A#, %e##"!& #(e da#e =or P("l"))"!e "!de)e!de!e a% ul$ 1, 916. He a% al%o

ele#ed #o #(e o!ve!#"o! #(a# dra=#ed a o!%#"#u#"o! =or #(e !e P("l"))"!e Co''o!eal#(.

Sub%eue!#l$ (e %erved a% %ere#ar$ o= ="!a!e a!d %ere#ar$ o= #(e "!#er"or "! #(eCo''o!eal#( &over!'e!#.

A=#er Dorld Dar II, Qu"r"!o %erve a% %ere#ar$ o= %#a#e a!d v"e )re%"de!# u!der #(e ="r%#

)re%"de!# o= #(e "!de)e!de!e P("l"))"!e%, 2a!uel @o>a%. D(e! @o>a% d"ed o! A)r"l /, 918,

Qu"r"!o %ueeded #o #(e )re%"de!$. T(e =ollo"!& $ear%, (e a% ele#ed )re%"de!# =or a =our;$ear #er' o! #(e L"beral Par#$ #"?e#, de=ea#"!& #(e Na"o!al"%#a a!d"d"a#e.

Pre%"de!# Qu"r"!oM% ad'"!"%#ra#"o! =aed a %er"ou% #(rea# "! #(e =or' o= #(e Co''u!"%# led

Hu?bala(a) :Hu?< 'ove'e!#. T(ou&( #(e Hu?% or"&"!all$ (ad bee! a! a!#";a)a!e%e &uerr"lla

ar'$ "! Luo!, #(e Co''u!"%#% %#ead"l$ &a"!ed o!#rol over #(e leader%("), a!d (e! Qu"r"!oM%

!e&o#"a#"o! "#( Hu? o''a!der Lu"% Taru bro?e do! "! 918, Taru o)e!l$ delared ("'%el= a Co''u!"%# a!d alled =or #(e over#(ro o= #(e &over!'e!#. B$ 9/0 #(e Hu?% (ad &a"!ed

o!#rol over a o!%"derable )or#"o! o= !a#"o!al de=e!%e #o %u))re%% #(e "!%urre#"o!.

Qu"r"!oM% %"> $ear% a% )re%"de!# ere 'ar?ed b$ !o#able )o%#ar reo!%#ru#"o!, &e!eraleo!o'" &a"!%, a!d "!rea%ed eo!o'" a"d =ro' #(e U!"#ed S#a#e%. Ba%" %o"al )roble'%,

(oever, )ar#"ularl$ "! #(e rural area%, re'a"!ed u!%olved Qu"r"!oM% ad'"!"%#ra#"o! a% #a"!#ed

b$ "de%)read &ra=# a!d orru)#"o!. T(e 919 ele#"o!, ("( (e (ad o!, ere a'o!& #(e 'o%#


14/33

d"%(o!e%# "! #(e ou!#r$M% ("%#or$. 2a&%a$%a$, (o (ad bee! lar&el$ %ue%%=ul "! el"'"!a#"!& #(e

#(rea# o= #(e Hu? "!%ur&e!#%, bro?e "#( Qu"r"!o o! #(e "%%ue o= orru)#"o!, a')a"&!"!& =or

lea! ele#"o!% a!d de=ea#"!& Qu"r"!o a% #(e Na"o!al"%#a a!d"da#e "! #(e )re%"de!#"al ele#"o! o= 9/3. Sub%eue!#l$, Qu"r"!o re#"red #o )r"va#e l"=e, "! ("% !e ou!#r$ (o'e "! Noval"(e% (ere

(e d"ed o= (ear# a##a? o! Februar$ +8, 9/6. H"% bereaved "=e Al""a S$&u"a a!d ("ldre!To'a%, 7"#or"a a!d v"#"'% o= 2a%%are o= Dorld Dar II* Ar'a!do, Nor'a a!d Fe. H"% "=eAl""a al%o d"ed dur"!& Dorld Dar II a!d alread$ dead (e! Qu"r"!o beo'e )re%"de!#. O= #(e"r

("ldre! o!l$ 7"#or"a "% al"ve a!d re;'arr"ed #o Pao -el&ado.

Qu"r"!o d"ed a# #(e a&e o= 66.

RAMON F. MAGSA3SA3

Complete name @a'o! -el F"erro 2a&%a$%a$

Te!m o" O""#$e -ee'ber 30, 9/3 5 2ar( 4, 9/4%o!n Au&u%# 3, 904D#e& 2ar( 4, 9/4 2ou!# 2a!u!&&al, A%#ur"a%, Cebu%#!t'pla$e Iba, a'bale%Re(t#n) pla$e 2a!"la Nor#( Ce'e#er$

Ramon Ma)(a4(a4 :Au&u%# 3, 904 ; 2ar( 4, 9/4


15/33

)ro'"!e!e re%ul#ed =ro' be"!& a))o"!#ed de=e!%e %ere#ar$ "! #(e Qu"r"!o ad'"!"%#ra#"o!,

%ue%%=ull$ ="&(#"!& #(e Hu?%, a!d =or be"!& #(e =r"e!d o= #(e o''o! tao.

2a!$ re&ard 2a&%a$%a$ a% #(e Pre%"de!# (o%e (ear# #rul$ bled =or #(e o''o! 'a!. He#oured #(e barr"o%, o)e!ed u) 2alaa!a!& #o #(e )ubl", %ol""#ed a!d a#ed u)o! #(e"r

o')la"!#%, bu"l# ar#e%"a! ell% a!d road%. He (ad Co!&re%% )a%% #(e A&r"ul#ural Te!a!$ A# o=

9/1, )rov"d"!& &rea#er )ro#e#"o! #o #e!a!#%.-ea#( a'e #o 2a&%a$%a$ (e! ("% )la!e ra%(ed a# 2ou!# P"!a#ubo "! #(e earl$

'or!"!& o= 2ar( 4, 9/4.

Ramon F. Ma)(a4(a4 :Bor!; Au&u%# 3, 904, d"ed; 2ar( 4, 9/4euel2a&%a$%a$ a!d Per=e#a -el F"ero.

2a&%a$%a$ ="!"%(ed ("% ele'e!#ar$ a# #(e Ca%#"lleo%, Hoever ("% %eo!dar$ our%e a# #(e

a'bale% Aade'$ bo#( "! ("% (o'e#o! a'bale%.

T(ou&( 'o%# P("l"))"!e )ol"#"al leader% ere o= S)a!"%( de%e!#, 2a&%a$%a$ a% o= 2ala$

%#o?, l"?e 'o%# o= #(e o''o! )eo)le. He #oo? u) 'e(a!"al e!&"!eer"!& a# U!"ver%"#$ o= #(eP("l"))"!e% bu# e!ded u) "#( a o''ere de&ree =ro' o%e @"al Colle&e "! 2a!"la "! 933

a!d bea'e &e!eral 'a!a&er o= a Tr$;Tra! #ra!%)or#a#"o! o')a!$ be=ore %#ar#"!& a% a

'e(a!". A=#er %erv"!& a% a &uerr"lla leader o! Luo! dur"!& Dorld Dar II, (e a% a))o"!#ed

'"l"#ar$ &over!or o= ("% (o'e )rov"!e, a'bale%, b$ 2aAr#(ur, (e! #(e U!"#ed S#a#e%rea)#ured #(e P("l"))"!e%. He %erved #o #er'% :916;/0< a% a L"beral Par#$ o!&re%%'a! =or

a'bale%, ("% ="r%# e>)er"e!e "! )ol"#"%.

Pre%"de!# El)"d"o Qu"r"!o a))o"!#ed 2a&%a$%a$ %ere#ar$ o= de=e!%e #o deal "#( #(e #(rea# o=#(e Hu?%, (o%e leader, Lu"% Taru, "! Februar$ 9/0 e%#abl"%(ed a Peo)leM% L"bera#"o! Ar'$

a!d alled =or #(e over#(ro o= #(e &over!'e!#. 2a&%a$%a$ #(e! arr"ed ou# u!#"l 9/3 o!e o=

#(e 'o%# %ue%%=ul a!#";&uerr"lla a')a"&!% "! 'oder! ("%#or$. @eal""!& #(a# #(e Hu?% ould!o# %urv"ve "#(ou# )o)ular %u))or#, (e %#rove #o "! #(e #ru%# o= #(e )ea%a!#% b$ o==er"!& la!d

a!d #ool% #o #(o%e (o a'e over #o #(e &over!'e!# %"de a!d b$ "!%"%#"!& #(a# ar'$ u!"#% #rea#

#(e )eo)le "#( re%)e#. @e=or'"!& #(e ar'$, (e d"%'"%%ed orru)# a!d "!o')e#e!# o=="er% a!d

e')(a%"ed 'ob"l"#$ a!d =le>"b"l"#$ "! o'ba# o)era#"o!% a&a"!%# #(e &uerr"lla%. B$ 9/3, Hu?%ere !o lo!&er a %er"ou% #(rea#, bu# 2a&%a$%a$M% rad"al 'ea%ure% (ad 'ade 'a!$ e!e'"e% =or

("' "#("! #(e &over!'e!#, o')ell"!& ("' #o re%"&! o! Februar$ +8, (e! (e (ar&e #(e

Qu"r"!o ad'"!"%#ra#"o! "#( orru)#"o! a!d "!o')e#e!e.

Al#(ou&( 2a&%a$%a$ a% a L"beral, #(e Na"o!al"%#a Par#$ %ue%%=ull$ ba?ed ("' =or #(e

)re%"de!$ a&a"!%# Qu"r"!o "! #(e 9/3 ele#"o!%, "!!"!& #(e %u))or# o= Carlo% P. Gar"a, (o

(ad or&a!"ed a #("rd )ar#$. 2a&%a$%a$ )ro'"%ed re=or' "! ever$ %e&'e!# o= P("l"))"!e l"=e, bu#


16/33

(e a% =ru%#ra#ed "! ("% e==or#% b$ a o!%erva#"ve o!&re%% #(a# re)re%e!#ed #(e "!#ere%# o= #(e

eal#($. -e%)"#e "!"#"al %u))or# o= Co!&re%% "! ul$ 9//.

2a&%a$%a$ a% u!able #o )a%% e==e#"ve la!d re=or' le&"%la#"o! &over!'e!# "!d"==ere!e #o #(e

)l"&(# o= #(e )ea%a!#% #(e! u!d"d 'o%# o= ("% &ood or? "! &a"!"!& #(e %u))or# o= #(e )eo)lea&a"!%# #(e Hu?%. Never#(le%%, (e re'a"!ed e>#re'el$ )o)ular a!d (ad a ell de%erve re)u#a#"o!

=or "!orru)#"b"l"#$.

I! =ore"&! )ol"$, 2a&%a$%a$ re'a"!ed a lo%e =r"e!d a!d %u))or#er o= #(e U!"#ed S#a#e% a!d avoal %)o?e%'a! a&a"!%# o''u!"%' dur"!& #(e Cold Dar. He 'ade #(e P("l"))"!e% a 'e'ber

o= #(e Sou#(ea%# A%"a Trea#$ Or&a!"a#"o!, ("( a% e%#abl"%(ed "! 2a!"la o! Se)#e'ber 8,

9/1. Be=ore #(e e>)"ra#"o! o= ("% #er' a% )re%"de!#, 2a&%a$%a$ a% ?"lled (e! ("% a"r)la!e

ra%(ed a# 2ou!# P"!a#ubo "! #(e earl$ 'or!"!& o= 2ar( 4, 9/4, (e a% %ueeded b$ #(ev"e )re%"de!#, Carlo% P. Gar"a. T(e !a#"o! a% %(o?ed u)o! lear!"!& o= 2a&%a$%a$ %udde!

dea#(, 'o%# o= #(e F"l")"!o )eo)le 'our!ed beau%e #(e !a#"o! lo%# a ell loved leader, (o "!

("% l"=e#"'e beo'e a le&e!dar$ ="&ure "! P("l"))"!e )ol"#"%.

He le=# ("% bereaved "=e Lu Ba!o!, ("ldre! Tere%"#a, 2"la&ro% 2a&%a$%a$ 7ale!uela a!d@a'o! 2a&%a$%a$ r., a )rola"' "!!er "! 2a$ 8, 99/ Se!a#or"al ele#"o!.

2a&%a$%a$ d"ed a# #(e a&e o= /0 $ear% old.

CARLOS P. GARCIA

Complete name Carlo% Pole%#"o Gar"aTe!m o" O""#$e 2ar( 4, 9/4 5 -ee'ber 30, 96%o!n Nove'ber 1, 896D#e& u!e 1, 94 Queo! C"#$%#!t'pla$e Tal"bo!, Bo(olRe(t#n) pla$e L"b"!&a! !& '&a Ba$a!"

Ca!lo( P. Ga!$#a :Nove'ber 1, 896 ; u!e , 94)e!%"ve "! P("l"))"!e ("%#or$.

Gar"a (a"led =ro' Tal"bo!, Bo(ol. He ="!"%(ed ("% la %#ud"e% a# #(e P("l"))"!e La

S(ool "! 2a!"la. He )a%%ed #(e Bar e>a'"!a#"o!% a!d a% a'o!& #(e #o) #e!.H"% ele#"o! a% Bo(ol re)re%e!#a#"ve #o #(e Na#"o!al A%%e'bll$ "! 9/+ 'ar?ed ("% e!#r$

"!#o P("l"))"!e )ol"#"% a!d )ubl" %erv"e 5 o!e o= #(e lo!&e%# ever. He a% a&a"! reele#ed a% a

http://www.amazon.com/Birds-Philippine-Islands-Siquijor-Malindang/dp/B000MRLQ7M?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969http://www.amazon.com/Birds-Philippine-Islands-Siquijor-Malindang/dp/B000MRLQ7M?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969


17/33

re)re%e!#a#"ve. I! 93, (e %#ar#ed #(e ="r%# o= #("% #(ree #er'% a% &over!or o= Bo(ol. I! 91, (e

a% ele#ed a% a %e!a#or, bu# "# a% o!l$ "! 91/ #(a# (e #oo? o=="e beau%e o= Dorld Dar II. He

a% a&a"! reele#ed a% a %e!a#or a!d "! 9/3, (e bea'e 7"e Pre%"de!# #o 2a&%a$%a$. He a%a))o"!#ed "! a o!urre!# a)a"#$ a% %ere#ar$ o= =ore"&! a==a"r%.

Gar"a% ad'"!"%#ra#"o! :9/4 ; 96< a% a!(ored "! ("% au%#er"#$ )ro&ra'. I# a% al%o

!o#ed =or "#% F"l")"!o F"r%# )ol"$ 5 a! a##e')# #o boo%# eo!o'" "!de)e!de!e.

Ca!lo( P. Ga!$#a

:Bor!; Nove'ber 1, 896, d"ed; u!e 1, 94<

Four#( Pre%"de!# o= #(e T("rd @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%

:Ter'* 2ar( 8, 9/4; -ee'ber 30, 96<

Fa'ou% =or ("% au%#er"#$ )ro&ra' a!d )ol"$. He a% bor! "! Tal"bo!, Bo(ol, o! Nove'ber 1,896. H"% )are!#% are Pol"ro!"o Gar"a a!d A'bro%"a Pol"%#"o.

A=#er &radua#"!& =ro' P("l"))"!e La S(ool "! 2a!"la "! 9+3, (e a% a'o!& #(e #o) #e! "! #(e

bar e>a'"!a#"o!. He bea'e %ue%%"vel$, a %(ool #ea(er, re)re%e!#a#"ve "! #(e P("l"))"!e

Co!&re%%, &over!or o= ("% )rov"!e :Bo(ol


18/33

DIOSDADO P. MACAPAGAL

Complete name -"o%dado Pa!&a! 2aa)a&alTe!m o" O""#$e -ee'ber 30, 96 5 -ee'ber 30, 96/

%o!n Se)#e'ber +8, 90D#e& A)r"l +, 994 2a?a#" C"#$%#!t'pla$e Lubao, Pa')a!&aRe(t#n) pla$e L"b"!&a! !& '&a Ba$a!"

D#o(&a&o Ma$apa)al :Se)#e'ber +8, 90


19/33

2aa)a&al% ad'"!"%#ra#"o! :96 ; 96/< "% be%# re'e'bered =or re%e##"!& #(e da#e o= #(e

elebra#"o! o= P("l"))"!e I!de)e!de!e -a$ 5 =ro' ul$ 1 (e! #(e U.S. #ur!ed over #(e re"!% o=

&over!'e!# "! 916 #o #(e 'ore orre# da#e o= u!e + (e! A&u"!aldo delared "!de)e!de!e"! 898. T("% %"!&le a# over%(adoed #(e o#(er d"%#"!&u"%("!& =ea#ure% o= ("% ad'"!"%#ra#"o!,

!a'el$* #(e )ro'o#"o! o= #(e %#ab"l"#$ o= #(e P("l"))"!e urre!$ #(e "!"#"a#"o! o= a

%o"oeo!o'" )ro&ra' a"'ed a# #(e be##er'e!# o= #(e )oor e==or#% #o o'ba# '"%deed% "!&over!'e!#, a!d #(e lau!("!& o= ("% ver%"o! o= a&rar"a! re=or'.

D#o(&a&o P. Ma$apa)al

:Bor!; Se)#e'ber +8, 90<

F"=#( Pre%"de!# o= #(e T("rd @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%

:Ter'* -ee'ber 30, 96; -ee'ber 30, 96/<

F"l")"!o re=or'"%# )re%"de!# o= #(e @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%.

Be%# ?!o! a% #(e KC(a')"o! o= #(e Co''o! 2a!.K

He a% bor! "! Barr"o Sa! N"ola%, Lubao, Pa')a!&a, o! Se)#e'ber +8, 90. H"% )are!#% are

Urba!o 2aa)a&al a!d @o'a!a Pa!&a!, #(e"r =a'"l$ a% a '"ddle la%% a!d a la ab"d"!&"#"e!, 2aa)a&al )ur%ue ("% %#ud"e% "! order #o rea( ("% &oal "! #(e =u#ure.

Never#(ele%%, 2aa)a&al ="!"%( ("% ele'e!#ar$ a# #(e Lubao Ele'e!#ar$ S(ool, (e ree"ved a!

(o!or o= be"!& #(e valed"#or"a! a!d "! 9+9 "! #(e Pa')a!&a H"&( S(ool =or ("% %eo!dar$

our%e, (e "% #(e %alu#a#or"a!.

He e!#ered P("l"))"!e La S(ool #o &e# ("% la de&ree.I! #("% la %(ool (e beo'e ell;

?!o! a% #(e be%# ora#or a!d deba#er. A=#er #o $ear% (e #ra!%=erred #o #(e U!"ver%"#$ o= S#o.

To'a%.

A=#er ree"v"!& ("% la de&ree, 2aa)a&al a% ad'"##ed #o #(e bar "! 936. -ur"!& Dorld DarII, (e )ra#"ed la "! 2a!"la a!d a"ded #(e a!#";a)a!e%e re%"%#a!e. A=#er #(e ar (e or?ed "!

a la ="r' a!d "! 918 %erved a% %eo!d %ere#ar$ #o #(e P("l"))"!e E'ba%%$ "! Da%("!o!,

-.C. T(e =ollo"!& $ear a% ele#ed #o a %ea# "! #(e P("l"))"!e Hou%e o= @e)re%e!#a#"ve%,%erv"!& u!#"l 9/6. -ur"!& #("% #"'e (e a% P("l"))"!e re)re%e!#a#"ve #o #(e U!"#ed Na#"o!%

Ge!eral A%%e'bl$ #(ree #"'e%. Fro' 9/4 #o96, 2aa)a&al a% a 'e'ber o= #(e L"beral

Par#$ a!d v"e )re%"de!# u!der Na"o!al"%#a Pre%"de!# Carlo% P. Gar"a. I! #(e 96 ele#"o!%,(oever (e ra! a&a"!%# =or'er )re%"de!# Carlo% P. Gar"a =or&"!& a oal"#"o! o= #(e L"beral a!d )ro&re%%"ve )ar#"e% a!d 'a?"!& a ru%ade a&a"!%# orru)#"o! a )r"!")al ele'e!# o= ("% )la#=or'.

He a% ele#ed b$ a "de 'ar&"!.

D("le )re%"de!#, -"o%dado 2aa)a&al or?ed #o %u))re%% &ra=# a!d orru)#"o! a!d #o %#"'ula#e#(e P("l"))"!e eo!o'$. He )laed #(e Pe%o "! #(e =ree urre!$;e>(a!&e 'ar?e#, e!oura&ed

eal#("e%# =a'"l"e%, ("( o%# #(e #rea%ur$ '"ll"o!% o= )e%o% $earl$. H"% re=or'%, (oever, ere


20/33

r"))led b$ a Hou%e @e)re%e!#a#"ve% a!d Se!a#e do'"!a#ed b$ #(e Na"o!al"%#a%, a!d (e a%

de=ea#ed "! #(e 96/ ele#"o!% b$ Ferd"!a!d E. 2aro%.

2aa)a&al% ad'"!"%#ra#"o! :96 ; 96/< "% be%# re'e'bered =or re%e##"!& #(e da#e o= #(e

elebra#"o! o= P("l"))"!e I!de)e!de!e -a$ 5 =ro' ul$ 1 (e! #(e U.S. #ur!ed over #(e re"!% o= &over!'e!# "! 916 #o #(e 'ore orre# da#e o= u!e + (e! A&u"!aldo delared "!de)e!de!e

"! 898.

I! 94+ (e (a"red #(e o!ve!#"o! #(a# dra=#ed #(e 943 o!%#"#u#"o! o!l$ #o ue%#"o! "! 98 #(eval"d"#$ o= "#% ra#"="a#"o!. I! 949 (e or&a!"ed #(e Na#"o!al U!"o! =or L"bera#"o! a% a!

o))o%"#"o! )ar#$ #o #(e 2aro% re&"'e. He (ad #o ("ldre! =ro' ="r%# "=e Pur"#a dela @o%a

:deea%eda'"!a#"o!% a!d #o))ed "#. -e=ea#ed


21/33

a# a loer our#, (e ar&ued ("% o! a%e "! a! a))eal be=ore #(e Su)re'e Cour# a!d o! a!

au"##al. He o"!ed #(e &uer"lla =ore% a# #(e ou#brea? o= ar.

2aro% e!#ered )ol"#"% "#( a! e$e #o eve!#uall$ a)#ur"!& #(e )re%"de!$. I! ("% 'a"de!a')a"&! "! 919, (e %a"d* Ele# 'e $our o!&re%%'a! !o a!d Ill &"ve $ou a! Ilo?a!o

Pre%"de!# "! +0 $ear%. He o! #(a# ele#"o! a!d a% re#ur!ed #(r"e #o Co!&re%% a% Iloo%

Nor#e% o!&re%%'a!. I! 9/9, (e a% ele#ed #o #(e P("l"))"!e Se!a#e a!d "! 963, (e bea'e"#% )re%"de!#. Co')le#"!& #(e )re%"de!#"al #er' "! 969, (e o! a reele#"o! . I! 94+, (e

delared 'ar#"al la. T(e re%# "% ("%#or$.

Fe!nan& E. Ma!$o(

:Bor!; Se)#e'ber , 94, -"ed; Se)#e'ber +8, 989<

S">#( Pre%"de!# o= #(e T("rd @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%:Ter'* -ee'ber 30, 96/; Februar$ +/, 986<

P("l"))"!e la$er a!d )ol"#""a! (o, a% (ead o= #(e S#a#e% =ro' 966 #o 986.

He a% bor! "! Sarra#, Iloo% Nor#e o! Se)#e'ber , 94. H"% )are!#% are -o! 2ar"a!o

2aro% a!d -oJa o%e=a Edral"!. H"% =a#(er "% a )ol"#""a!, ("le ("% 'o#(er "% a #ea(er "! #(e"r(o'e#o!.

2aro% a##e!ded %(ool a# #(e a&e o= ="ve $ear% old "! Sarra# Ce!#ral S(ool, la#er (e #ra!%=erred

#o 2a!"la. Aord"!& #o ("% %(ola%#" reord%, 2aro% ala$% &o# a! (o!or =ro' ("% ele'e!#ar$a!d %eo!dar$ our%e. He "% be%# "! ora#or$ %)ee(e% a% ell a% "! deba#e a!d dela'a#or$

%)ee(e%.

2aro% a##e!ded %(ool "! 2a!"la a!d %#ud"ed la "! #(e la#e 930% a# #(e U!"ver%"#$ o= #(e

P("l"))"!e%, "! Queo! C"#$. Tr"ed =or #(e a%%a%%"!a#"o! "! 933 o= a )ol"#"al o))o!e!# o= ("% )ol"#""a! =a#(er, 2aro% a% =ou!d &u"l#$ "! Nove'ber 939. Bu# (e ar&ued ("% a%e o! a))eal

#o #(e P("l"))"!e Su)re'e Cour#, au"##al a $ear la#er. He beo'e a #r"al la$er "! 2a!"la.

-ur"!& Dorld Dar II (e %erved a% a! o=="er "#( #(e P("l"))"!e Ar'ed Fore%. Ca)#ured b$ #(e

a)a!e%e, (e %urv"ved #(e -ea#( 2ar( =ro' Ba#aa! #o Ce!#ral Luo! a!d #(e! e%a)ed. 2aro%%ub%eue!# la"'% #o be"!& a! "')or#a!# leader "! #(e F"l")"!o &uerr"lla re%"%#a!e 'ove'e!#

ere a e!#ral =a#or "! ("% la#er )ol"#"al %ue%%, bu# U.S. &over!'e!# ar("ve% revealed #(a# (ea#uall$ )la$ed l"##le or !o )ar# "! a!#";a)a!e%e a#"v"#"e% dur"!& 91+;1/.

Fro' 916 #o 914 2aro% a% a #e(!"al a%%"%#a!# #o 2a!uel @o>a%, #(e ="r%# )re%"de!# o= #(e

"!de)e!de!# P("l"))"!e @e)ubl". He a% a 'e'ber o= Hou%e o= @e)re%e!#a#"ve% :919;9/9<

a!d o= #(e Se!a#e :9/9;96/


22/33

a% a )ro'"!e!# 'e'ber o= #(e L"beral Par#$ =ou!ded b$ @o>a%, bro?e "#( "# a=#er =a"l"!& #o &e#

("% )ar#$M% !o'"!a#"o! =or )re%"de!#. He #(e! ra! a% #(e Na#"o!al"%# Par#$ a!d"da#e =or )re%"de!#

a&a"!%# #(e L"beral )re%"de!#, -"o%dado 2aa)a&al. T(e a')a"&! a% e>)e!%"ve a!d b"##er.2aro% o! a!d a% "!au&ura#ed a% )re%"de!#. O! -ee'ber 30, 969, 2aro% a% reele#ed,

#(e ="r%# (e (ad 'ade )ro&re%% "! a&r"ul#ure, "!du%#r$, a!d edua#"o!. e# ("% ad'"!"%#ra#"o! a%#roubled b$ "!rea%"!& %#ude!# de'o!%#ra#"o!% a!d v"ole!# urba!;&uer"lla a#"v"#"e%.

O! Se)#e'ber +, 94+, 2aro% "')o%ed 'ar#"al la. Hold"!& #(a# o''u!"%# a!d %ubver%"ve=ore% )re")"#a#ed #(e r"%"%, (e a#ed %"=#l$ o))o%"#"o! )ol"#""a!% ere a"led a!d #(e ar'ed

=ore% bea'e a! ar' o= #(e re&"'e. O))o%ed b$ )ol"#"al leader%; !o#abl$ Be!"&!o Au"!o r.,

(o a% a"led a!d (eld "! de#e!#"o! =or al'o%# e"&(# $ear%, 2aro% a% al%o r"#""ed b$(ur( leader% a!d o#(er%. I! #(e )rov"!e% 2ao"%# o''u!"%#% :Ne Peo)le% Ar'$< a!d

2u%l"' %e)ara#"%# u!der#oo? &uerr"lla a#"v"#"e% "!#e!ded #o br"!& do! #(e e!#ral &over!'e!#.

U!der 2ar#"al La #(e )re%"de!# a%%u'ed e>#raord"!ar$ )oer%, "!lud"!& #(e %u%)e!%"o! o= #(e

Dr"# o= Habea% Cor)u%. 2aro% a!!ou!e #(e e!d o= 2ar#"al La "! a!uar$ 4, 98 bu# %#"llruled "! a! au#(or"#ar"a! =a%("o! #(erea=#er u!der var"ou% o!%#"#u#"o!al =or'a#%. He o! ele#"o!

#o #(e !el$ rea#ed )o%# o= )re%"de!# a&a"!%# o!l$ #o?e! o))o%"#"o! "! u!e 98.

2aro% "=e =ro' 9/1 a% I'elda @o'ualde 2aro%, a =or'er beau#$ uee!. I'elda bea'e

a )oer=ul ="&ure "! (er o! r"&(# a=#er (er (u%ba!d "!%#"#u#ed 'ar#"al la "! 94+. S(e a%=reue!#l$ r"#""ed =or (er a))o"!#'e!# o= rela#"ve% #o lura#"ve &over!'e!# a!d "!du%#r"al

)o%"#"o! ("le %(e (eld #(e )o%# o= Gover!or o= 2e#ro)ol"#a! 2a!"la :94/;986< a!d 2"!"%#er

o= Hu'a! Se##le'e!#% a!d Eolo&$ :949;986


23/33

("% %u))or#er%. 2aro% (eld #o ("% )re%"de!$ a% #(e P("l"))"!e '"l"#ar$ %)l"# be#ee! %u))or#er%

o= ("% a!d o= Au"!oM% le&"#"'a#e r"&(# #o #(e )re%"de!$. A #e!%e %#a!d o== :E-SA @evolu#"o!,

Peo)leM% Poer< #(a# e!%ued be#ee! #(e #o %"de% e!ded o!l$ (e! 2aro% =led #(e ou!#r$ o!Februar$ +/, 986 a# U!"#ed S#a#e% ur&"!&, a!d e!# "!#o e>"le "! Haa"", USA.

Ev"de!e %ub%eue!#l$ e'er&ed #(a# dur"!& ("% $ear "! )oer, 2aro%, ("% =a'"l$, a!d ("% lo%e

a%%o"a#e% (ad loo#ed #(e P("l"))"!e% eo!o'$ o= b"ll"o!% o= dollar% #(rou&( e'bele'e!#% a!d

o#(er orru)# )ra#"e%. 2aro% a!d ("% "=e ere %ub%eue!#l$ "!d"#ed b$ #(e U.S. &over!'e!#o! ra?e#eer"!& (ar&e%. A=#er a #r"al a $ear la#er, I'elda o! au"##al b$ #(e board o= ur$.

I'elda re#ur! #o #(e P("l"))"!e% #o =ae #(e (ar&e% a&a"!%# (er a!d (er =a'"l$.

2aro% d"ed o! Se)#e'ber +8, 989 a# Da"?"?", Haa"". H"% bereaved "=e, I'elda @. 2aro%

a!d ("ldre! I'ee 2aro% 2a!o#o, Ire!e 2aro% Ara!e#a a!d Ferd"!a!d KBo!&bo!&K 2aro%r., a =or'er o!&re%%'a! o= Iloo% Sur a!d a %e!a#or"al a!d"da#e "! 2a$ 8, 99/ ele#"o!. He

%erve a% o!&re%%'a! u!der @a'o% ad'"!"%#ra#"o!.

Ferd"!a!d 2aro% d"ed a# #(e a&e o= %eve!#$ #o :4+


24/33

No o!e ould (ave "'a&"!ed #(a# Cor$ Au"!o ould beo'e a )re%"de!# o= #(e

P("l"))"!e%. Al#(ou&( %(e a% bor! #o #(e la!ded la%% "! Tarla, (er ba?&rou!d a% %o

d"%)ara#e =ro' #(e )a##er!% #(a# u# )re%"de!#"al ="&ure%. I! 916, (er =a'"l$ le=# =or #(e U.S. a!d%(e e!rolled a# @ave!("ll Aade'$ "! P("ladel)("a. S(e ="!"%(ed (er u!"or a!d %e!"or $ear% a#

No#re -a'e Colle&e "! Ne or?. I! 919, %(e e!#ered 2ou!# Sa"!# 7"!e!# Colle&e al%o "!

Ne or? (ere %(e ="!"%(ed a Ba(elor o= Ar#% our%e, 'aor "! Fre!( .I! 9/3, %(e re#ur!ed #o #(e P("l"))"!e% #o #a?e u) la a# #(e Far Ea%#er! U!"ver%"#$. Bu#,

#(e =ollo"!& $ear, %(e 'e# a!d 'arr"ed Be!"&!o N"!o$ Au"!o. Sub%eue!#l$, %(e bea'e

o!#e!# #o l"ve "! (er (u%ba!d% %(ado a!d #oo? #(e role o= "=e a!d 'o#(er #o (er ="ve ("ldre!.Hoever, N"!o$% a%%a%%"!a#"o! "! 983 %e)# a%"de #("% role a!d a#a)ul#ed (er #o #(e #o)

)o%"#"o! o= #(e ou!#r$ a=#er #(e #u'ul#uou% eve!#% ("( =olloed #(e E-SA revolu#"o! "!

Februar$ 986.

S(e re=u%ed #o ru! =or reele#"o! "! #(e 99+ )re%"de!#"al ele#"o!% bu# "!%#ead e!dor%eda!d or?ed ver$ (ard =or (er (o%e! a!d"da#e 5 F"del 7. @a'o%.

Co!a-on C. A6*#no

:Bor!; a!uar$ +/, 933, -"ed; Au&u%# , +009<

Seve!#( a!d F"r%# Do'a! Pre%"de!# o= #(e @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%:Ter'* Februar$ +/, 986; u!e 30, 99+<

Pol"#"al leader a!d )re%"de!# =ro' :986 #o 99+< o= #(e P("l"))"!e%. I! 983 %(e %ueeded (er

'urdered (u%ba!d, Be!"&!o KN"!o$K Au"!o r.:A )o)ular r"#" o= #(e 2aro% ad'"!"%#ra#"o!


25/33

(u%ba!d a% a%%a%%"!a#ed u)o! ("% re#ur! #o #(e P("l"))"!e% "! Au&u%# 983.

D(e! Ferd"!a!d 2aro% u!e>)e#edl$ alled =or )re%"de!#"al ele#"o! "! Februar$ 986,

Corao! Au"!o beo'e #(e u!"="ed o))o%"#"o!M% a!d"da#e =or #(e )re%"de!$. T(ou&( %(e a%

o==""all$ re)or#ed #o (ave lo%# #(e ele#"o! #o 2aro%, Au"!o a!d (er %u))or#er% (alle!&ed #(ere%ul#%, (ar&"!& "de%)read vo#"!& =raud. H"&( o==""al% "! #(e P("l"))"!e% '"l"#ar$ %oo!

)ubl"l$ re!ou!ed 2aro% o!#"!ued rule a!d )rola"'ed Au"!o #(e P("l"))"!e% r"&(#=ul

)re%"de!#. O! Februar$ +/, 986, bo#( Au"!o a!d 2aro% ere "!au&ura#ed a% )re%"de!# b$#(e"r re%)e#"ve %u))or#er% bu# #(a# %a'e da$ 2aro% =led #(e ou!#r$.

I! 2ar( 986 %(e )rola"'ed a )rov"%"o!al o!%#"#u#"o! a!d %oo! #(erea=#er a))o"!#ed a

o''"%%"o! #o r"#e a !e o!%#"#u#"o!. T(e re%ul#"!& dou'e!# a% ra#"="ed b$ a la!d%l"de

)o)ular vo#e "! Februar$ 984. I! %)"#e o= (er o!#"!uou% )o)ular %u))or#, Au"!o =aed a!o!&o"!& ou#r$ over eo!o'" "!u%#"e, a )roble' #(a# a% o!l$ e>aerba#ed b$ o!#"!u"!&

ar=are be#ee! #(e o''u!"%# "!%ur&e!$ a!d a '"l"#ar$ (o%e lo$al#"e% #o Au"!o ere

u!er#a"!. I! &e!eral, (er eo!o'" )ol""e% ere r"#""ed =or be"!& '">ed or =al#er"!& "! #(e=ae o= 'a%% )over#$.

Au"!o ("ldre! are 2ar"a Ele!a Au"!o, Aurora Corao!, 7"#or"a El"a, No$!o$ a!d r"%

Au"!o. Her $ou!&e%# ("ld "% a T7 'ov"e )er%o!al"#$.

FIDEL 7. RAMOS

Complete name F"del 7alde @a'o%

Te!m o" O""#$e u!e 30, 99+ 5 u!e 30, 998%o!n 2ar( 8, 9+8%#!t'pla$e L"!&a$e!, Pa!&a%"!a!

http://www.amazon.com/Sarswelang-Pangasinan-Panitikan/dp/9715501516?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969http://www.amazon.com/Sarswelang-Pangasinan-Panitikan/dp/9715501516?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969http://www.amazon.com/Sarswelang-Pangasinan-Panitikan/dp/9715501516?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969


26/33

F#&el 7. Ramo( ::2ar( 8, 9+8;$ear #er' o= @a'o% :99+ ; 998< "% loo?ed u)o! "#( 'u( (o)e a!d o)#"'"%'!o# o!l$ beau%e o= ("% lear v"%"o! o= #(e =u#ure bu# al%o beau%e o= ("% (a!d%;o! leader%(")

%#$le "! 'ee#"!& #(e (alle!&e% =aed b$ #(e ou!#r$. Beau%e o= ("% leader%("), #(e P("l"))"!e% "%

e>)e#ed #o a##a"! =ull )ol"#"al %#ab"l"#$, %u%#a"!ed eo!o'" develo)'e!# a!d %o"al u%#"e b$#(e #ur! o= #(e +%# e!#ur$.

F#&el 7. Ramo(

:Bor!; 2ar( 8, 9+8<

8#( Pre%"de!# o= #(e @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%:Ter'; u!e 30, 99+;u!e 30, 998<

A% (ead o= #(e S#a#e ("% ad'"!"%#ra#"o! e!#er)"ee )ro&ra' "% #(e P("l"))"!e% +000 ("( a"'#o u)l"=# #(e P("l"))"!e% a% a !el$ "!du%#r"al"ed ou!#r$ b$ #(e $ear +000.

F"del 7. @a'o% a% bor! "! L"!&a$e!, Pa!&a%"!a! o! Februar$ 8, 9+8. H"% )are!#% are Nar"%o@a'o% :A la$er, a ru%ad"!& our!al"%#, a le&"%la#or a!d la#er, %ere#ar$ o= =ore"&! a==a"r%< a!d

A!&ela 7alde @a'o%. F"del 7. @a'o% (ave #o %"%#er%, Se!a#or Le#""a @a'o% S(a(a!" a!d

Glor"a @a'o% de @odda, a d")lo'a#.


27/33

Beo'e a 7aled"#or"a! o= ("% &radua#"!& la%% a# #(e L"!&a$e! Ele'e!#ar$ S(ool "! 2a!"bo,

L"!&a$a!, Pa!&a%"!a!, (e a% #(e o!%"%#e!# valed"#or"a! o= ("% la%%, #(rou&( ("% ele'e!#ar$

&rade% a!d #(rou&( ("% ("&( %(ool a# #(e U!"ver%"#$ o= #(e P("l"))"!e%.

I! #(e $ear 9/0, F"del 7. @a'o% &radua#ed "! #(e U.S. 2"l"#ar$ Aade'$ a# De%# Po"!#, Neor?, a ell ?!o '"l"#ar$ %(ool "! #(e U.S.A. He al%o au"red ("% 'a%#er "! C"v"l E!&"!eer"!&

our%e a# #(e U!"ver%"#$ o= Ill"!o"% "! #(e $ear 9/. A!o#(er our%e "! a%%o"a#e I!=a!#r$

Co')a!$ O=="er% a# For# Be!!"!& a# For# Bra&&. I! #(e $ear 960 (e a% #(e #o)!o#(er o= all#(e + &radua#ed =or #(e KS)e"al Fore%Pa$ O)era#"o!%A"rbor!e.K A%"de =ro' #(o%e our%e%, (e

#oo? u) Co''a!d a!d Ge!eral S#a== a# For# Sa!#"a&o $ear 96/, (ere (e bea'e #(e

#o)!o#(er o= all 18 &radua#"!& %#ude!#%.

-ur"!& #(e ad'"!"%#ra#"o! o= Pre%"de!# 2aro%, F"del 7. @a'o% bea'e #(e Pre%"de!#"al a%%"%#a!#o= '"l"#ar$ #a#"%. :968;969


28/33

%o!n A)r"l 9, 934%#!t'pla$e To!do, 2a!"la

o(ep' E9e!$#to E(t!a&a

:Bor!; A)r"l 9, 934<

9#( Pre%"de!# o= #(e T("rd @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%

:Ter'; u!e 30, 998;a!uar$ +0, +00<

o%e)( Eer"#o E%#rada a% bor! o! A)r"l 9, 934 "! To!do, 2a!"la. He "% #(e e"&(# o= #(e #e!

("ldre! o= E'"l"o Eer"#o a!d 2ar"a 2arelo. H"% =a'"l$ la#er 'oved #o Sa! ua!, @"al :!o

)ar# o= 2e#ro 2a!"la< (ere (e &re u).

E%#rada %#ud"ed a# A#e!eo de 2a!"la U!"ver%"#$. He #oo? u) e!&"!eer"!& a# #(e 2a)ua I!%#"#u#e o= Te(!olo&$, o! ("% %eo!d $ear (e 'oved #o #(e Pol$#e(!" Colle&e o= #(e P("l"))"!e% "! S#a.

2e%a, 2a!"la. Be=ore (e ould ="!"%( e!&"!eer"!& (e u"# %(ool a!d de"ded #o #r$ #(e 'ov"e%.

-"%)lea%ed "#( ("% de"%"o! #o dro) ou# o= olle&e, ("% )are!#% =orbade ("' #o u%e ("% =a'"l$

!a'e, ("( =ored ("' #o ado)# KE%#radaK a% a %ree! !a'e a!d KEra)K :K)areK or =r"e!d %)elled ba?ard< a% a !"?!a'e.

-ur"!& ("% 'ov"e areer, (e )la$ed #(e lead role "! 'ore #(a! (u!dred 'ov"e% a!d )rodued

'ore #(e! 40 ="l'%. I! 941, (e =ou!ded #(e 2ov"e Dor?er% Del=are Fu!d :2ODELFUN-<#(a# )rov"de% 'ov"e "!du%#r$ or?er% "#( ="!a!"al a!d )ro=e%%"o!al a%%"%#a!e. He a% #(e ="r%#

FA2AS Hall o= Fa'e aardee =or Be%# A#or :98< a!d al%o bea'e a Hall o= Fa'e aardee

a% a Produer:983


29/33

(a"red #(e o''"##ee% o! Heal#(, Na#ural @e%oure% a!d Eolo&$, a!d Urba! Pla!!"!&. O!

Se)#e'ber 6, 99, (e vo#ed =or #(e ree#"o! o= #(e Trea#$ o= Fr"e!d%("), Coo)era#"o!, a!d

Seur"#$, ("( e!ded #(e %#a$ o= #(e U!"#ed S#a#e% '"l"#ar$ ba%e% "! #(e P("l"))"!e%.

He a% ele#ed 7"e Pre%"de!# "! 99+. He a% a))o"!#ed (a"r'a! o= #(e Pre%"de!#"al A!#";Cr"'e Co''"%%"o! :PACC


30/33

%#!t'pla$e Sa! ua!, @"al

Glo!#a Ma$apa)al A!!o4o

:Bor!; A)r"l /, 914<

Te!#( Pre%"de!# o= #(e @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%

:Ter'; a!uar$ +0, +00; u!e 30, +00<

Glor"a 2aa)a&al;Arro$o or G2A a% bor! o! A)r"l /, 914. H"% )are!#% ere =or'er

Pre%"de!# -"o%dado 2aa)a&al a!d -ra. Eva 2aarae&. S(e &re u) "! Il"&a! C"#$.

G2A ="!"%(ed ("&( %(ool a% 7aled"#or"a! a# #(e A%%u')#"o! Colle&e. S(e %#ud"ed a# #(e

Geor&e#o! U!"ver%"#$, Da%("!o!, -.C. bu# %(e %#o))ed dur"!& (er #("rd $ear, (e! %(e &o#

'arr"ed #o o%e 2"&uel Tuao! Arro$o.

S(e ="!"%(ed (er our%e "! Co''ere a# A%%u')#"o! Colle&e, &radua#"!& 2a&!a Cu' Laude.S(e #oo? (er 2a%#er% -e&ree "! Eo!o'"% a# #(e A#e!eo de 2a!"la U!"ver%"#$ a!d (er

-o#ora#e -e&ree a# #(e U!"ver%"#$ o= #(e P("l"))"!e%. S(e or?ed a% a! a%%"%#a!# %ere#ar$ #o

Pre%"de!# Cor$ Au"!o "! 986, a!d a% la#er a))o"!#ed a% U!der%ere#ar$ o= #(e -e)ar#'e!# o=Trade a!d I!du%#r$.

G2A a% ele#ed Se!a#or "! 99+, a!d a% re;ele#ed "! 99/. I! 998, S(e a% ele#ed v"e; )re%"de!# o= #(e P("l"))"!e%, "#( o%e)( E%#rada a% Pre%"de!#. S(e a% a))o"!#ed a% Sere#ar$ o=

So"al Del=are a!d -evelo)'e!#, bu# &ave u) #(e )o%"#"o! "! O#ober +000 (e! #(ere a% a

)ubl" la'or =or #(e re%"&!a#"o! o= Pre%"de!# E%#rada. (e! %o'e o= #(e #o) o==""al% o=

&over!'e!# a!d Ar'ed Fore% o= #(e P("l"))"!e% "#(dre #(e"r %u))or# =or Pre%"de!# E%#rada(o a% =ored #o leave 2alaaJa!& o! a!uar$ +, +00. G2A a% %or! "! a% #(e !e


31/33

Pre%"de!#. S(e (o%e Se!a#or Teo="%#o Gu"!&o!a a% 7"e;Pre%"de!#.

E%#rada r"#""ed #(e le&"#"'a$ o= G2AM% )re%"de!$, (oever "# a% a=="r'ed b$ #(e Su)re'e

Cour#. S(e %erved #(e u!="!"%(ed #er' o= E%#rada. I! +001, %(e ra! =or Pre%"de!# a!d o! a&a"!%#

#(e )o)ular a#or, Fer!a!do Poe r.

I! Nove'ber +009, 2aa)a&al;Arro$o =or'all$ delared (er "!#e!#"o! #o ru! =or

Co!&re%%o'a! "! #(e +!d d"%#r"# o= Pa')a!&a. S(e "% #(e +!d P("l"))"!e Pre%"de!# a=#er o%e

P. Laurel #o )ur%ue a loer o=="e "! #(e &over!'e!# a=#er ("% )re%"de!$. Her #er' a% Pre%"de!#a% ="!"%(ed o! u!e 30, +00.

Glor"a 2a?a)a&al;Arro$o 'arr"ed o%e 2"&uel Tuao! Arro$o "! 968. T(e$ (ave #(ree

("ldre! 2"?e$, Lul" a!d -a#o.

%ENIGNO SIMEON COUANCO A+UINO III

Complete name Be!"&!o S"'eo! Coua!&o Au"!o IIITe!m o" O""#$e u!e 30, +00 #o u!e 30, +06%o!n Februar$ 8, 960%#!t'pla$e 2a!"la, P("l"))"!e%

http://www.amazon.com/Pendaflex-Essentials-Folders-Letter-752/dp/B000SAF07K?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969http://www.amazon.com/Pendaflex-Essentials-Folders-Letter-752/dp/B000SAF07K?ie=UTF8&tag=e2educaampent-20&link_code=btl&camp=213689&creative=392969


32/33

%en#)no S#meon :No4no4: Co9*an)$o A6*#no III

:Bor!; Februar$ 8, 960<

#( Pre%"de!# o= #(e @e)ubl" o= #(e P("l"))"!e%:Ter'; u!e 30, +00; <

Be!"&!o S"'eo! KNo$!o$K Coua!&o Au"!o III a% bor! o! Februar$ 8, 960. H"% )are!#%

ere =or'er Se!#or Be!"&!o Au"!o r. a!d =or'er Pre%"de!# Corao! C. Au"!o.

Au"!o ="!"%(ed ("% ele'e!#ar$, ("&( %(ool a!d olle&e edua#"o! a# #(e A#e!eo de 2A!"la(ere (e ob#a"!ed a ba(elorM% de&ree "! Eo!o'"% "! 98. A=#er olle&e, ("% =a'"l$ le=# #(e

P("l"))"!e% #o l"ve "! #(e U!"#ed S#a#e o= A'er"a, beau%e ("% =a#(er, (o a% #(e! de#a"!ed =or

(ar&e% o= rebell"o! b$ #(e &over!'e!# o= Pre%"de!# Ferd"!a!d 2aro%, a% )er'"##ed #o %ee?#rea#'e!# "! #(e U!"#ed S#a#e%. Au"!o a!d ("% =a'"l$ re#ur!ed #o #(e P("l"))"!e% "! 983, a=#er

("% =a#(er a% a%%a%%"!a#ed a# 2a!"la I!#er!a#"o!al A"r)or#. I! 986, ("% 'o#(er bea'e )re%"de!#

a=#er #(e ("%#or" KPeo)le Poer @evolu#"o!K.

I! 983, a=#er ("% re#ur! #o #(e P("l"))"!e%, Au"!o or?ed "! )r"va#e or)ora#"o!% u!#"l 993.

Fro' 993 #o 998, Au"!o or?ed =or #(e Ce!#ral Auarera de Tarla.

I! 998 Au"!o ra! =or Co!&re%%'a! a!d %erved a% re)re%e!#a#"ve o= #(e +!d -"%#r"# o= Tarla

u!#"l +004. A% Co!&re%%'a!, (e )a%%ed la% e!(a!"!& #(e e==e#"ve!e%% o= )ubl" o=="e% a!d

"')rov"!& #(e r"&(#% o= or?er% a!d o!%u'er%. I! 2a$ +004, No$!o$ a% ele#ed Se!a#or.

D(e! ("% 'o#(er d"ed "! +009, #(ere (ere all% =or ("' #o ru! =or Pre%"de!# o= #(e P("l"))"!e%.

To o!v"!e ("', a '"ll"o! %"&!a#ure% ere &a#(ered b$ Ed&ardo @oe%.

O! 2a$ 0, +00, Au"!o o! #(e Pre%"de!#"al ele#"o!%. He #oo? ("% oa#( o= o=="e o! u!e 30,+00.

So'e o= #(e la% #(a# (e "''ed"a#el$ %"&!ed ere #(e ba!!"!& o= #(e u%e o= %"re! or Ka!&a!&K

"! #(e %#ree#% =or !o %er"ou% rea%o!, a!d #(e vo"d"!& o= K'"d!"&(# a))o"!#'e!#%K "! &over!'e!#

)o%"#"o!%. He al%o e%#abl"%(ed #(e KTru#( Co''"%%"o!K #o "!ve%#"&a#e &ra=# a!d orru)#"o!, a!d

abu%e% o= #(e &over!'e!# o= Pre%. Glor"a Arro$o.


33/33

Au"!o "% #(e #("rd )re%"de!# #o u%e ("% %eo!d &"ve! !a'e, S"'eo!, a% ("% '"ddle "!"#"al, a%

2a!uel L. Queo! a!d o%e P. Laurel. He "% o!e o= #(e $ou!&er ele#ed )re%"de!#% a=#er E'"l"o

A&u"!aldo :+9 $ear% old (e! ele#ed

the 15 presidents of the philippines

Documents