test 1 solution sketches note for multiple-choice questions: choose the closest answer
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Test 1 solution sketches
Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest
answer
![Page 2: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
1) Interest rate conversions
If the effective annual discount rate is 12%, what is the stated annual discount rate if compounded monthly? (1 + r/12)12 = 1.12 1 + r/12 = 1.0094888 r/12 = .0094888 r = .1138656
![Page 3: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2) PV of future payments
Mauricio will receive $900 three months from now and $1500 nine months from now. The effective annual discount rate is 16%. Find the total of the present value of the two payments. PV = 900/(1.16)1/4 + 1500/(1.16)3/4
PV = $2209.20
![Page 4: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
3) Profitability Index
Shane invests $6,000 in a new invention. He will receive a positive cash flow of $1,000 in 9 months, followed by a positive cash flow of $1,000 every 12 months thereafter. What is the profitability index of this investment if the effective annual discount rate is 15%?
![Page 5: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
3) Profitability Index
PV of future payments = 1000/.15 * (1.15)1/4 = $6903.72
P.I. = 6903.72/6000 = 1.1506
![Page 6: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
4 & 5) Future Values
For the next 2 questions, assume that today is February 4, 2014. You invest $3,000 today. Find the future values on the following dates, given the stated annual interest rates and frequency of compounding.
![Page 7: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
4) Future Value
May 4, 2015, 20% interest rate, compounded every three months Rate every 3 months = .20/4 = 5% FV = 3000 * (1.05)5 = $3828.84
![Page 8: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
5) Future Value
February 4, 2054, 3% interest rate, compounded continuously FV = 3000 * e.03*40 = $9960.35
![Page 9: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
6) Equivalent Annual Cost
Cheyenne buys a machine that will produce $5,000 worth of hair dye each year. The machine must be purchased for $20,000 today, and a maintenance cost of $6,000 must be paid 4 years from today. If the machine lasts for 7 years, the equivalent annual cost of the machine is _____ if the effective annual discount rate is 8%.
![Page 10: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
6) Equivalent Annual Cost
PV of costs = 20,000 + 6000/(1.08)4
PV of costs = $24,410 EAC calculation
24,410 = C/.08 * [1 – 1/(1.08)7] 24,410 = 5.2064 * C C = $4,688
![Page 11: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
7) Annuity factor
What is the annuity factor if Frank receives $5,000 per year each year for 20 years, starting one year from today? Assume the effective annual interest rate is 10%. A.F. = 1/.1 * [1 – 1/(1.1)20] A.F. = 8.5136
![Page 12: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
8) Real interest rate
If the nominal interest rate is 500% and the inflation rate is 400%, the exact real interest rate is ______. (1 + real)(1 + inflation) = (1 +
nominal) (1 + real)(1 + 4) = 1 + 5 1 + real = 6/5 = 1.2 Real = 20%
![Page 13: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
9) FV of annuity
Leona puts $1,000 per year into a Roth IRA, starting today. The account pays 8% effective annual interest. How much will Leona have in this account immediately after the deposit is made 3 years from today? FV = 1000 * (1.08)3 + 1000 * (1.08)2
+ 1000 * 1.08 + 1000 FV = $4,506.11
![Page 14: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
10) Formula assumptions
Donte will receive $500 today, $550 one year from now, $600 two years from now, $650 three years from now, etc. Donte will receive these payments forever. If we knew Donte’s effective annual discount rate, which of the following formulas could you use to calculate the present value of this stream of payments?
![Page 15: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
10) Formula assumptions
A) annuity B) growing annuity C) perpetuity D) growing perpetuity E) none of the above
Because the growth rate is not constant, we cannot use any formula
![Page 16: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
1) Loan amortization Jaelyn borrows $45,000 today from the
Party Polka National Bank. She is currently negotiating how to pay back the loan.
(a) If she pays the loan back in 12 equal monthly installments, starting seven months from today, how much will each payment be if the stated annual interest rate is 12%, compounded monthly?
![Page 17: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
1) Loan amortization
(a) Note monthly rate = .12/12 = 1%
If paid in months 1-12: 45,000 = C/.01 * [1 – 1/(1.01)12] 45,000 = 11.255 * C C = 3998.20
But since each payment is 6 months later (months 7-18): Payment = 3998.20 * (1.01)6 =
$4,244.17
![Page 18: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
1) Loan amortization
(b) Suppose instead that Jaelyn pays back the loan with 3 years payments such that the principal is reduced by the same amount each year. The payments would be made 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years, from today. If the effective annual interest rate is 16%, how much total interest will Jaelyn pay?
![Page 19: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
1) Loan amortization
(b) Principal per year= 45000/3= 15000
1st year: 15000 + 45000(.16)= $22,200
2nd year: 15000 + 30000(.16)= $19,800
3rd year: 15000 + 15000(.16)= $17,400
Total payments = $59,400 Total interest = 59,400 – 45,000 Total interest = $14,400
![Page 20: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
2) Internal Rates of Return
Lucia invests in a company that has the following guaranteed cash flows: She must pay $3,000 today, she will receive $6,910 one year from today, and she must pay $3,930 two years from today.
(a) Find all internal rates of return for this investment.
![Page 21: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
2) Internal Rates of Return
(a) Let x = 1 + r -3000 + 6910/x – 3930/x2 = 0 -3000x2 + 6910x – 3930 = 0
x = 1.1516675 ± .127813 x = 1.27948, 1.023854 IRR = 27.948%, 2.3854%
![Page 22: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
2) Internal Rates of Return
(b) What is the net present value of this investment fi the effective annual discount rate is 25%? PV = -3000 + 6910/1.25 –
3930/(1.25)2
PV = $12.80
![Page 23: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
2) Internal Rates of Return
(c) From your answers in parts a and b, explain why the following statement is true or false: “All effective annual discount rates of 20-30% for this project lead to a positive net present value for this investment.”
![Page 24: Test 1 solution sketches Note for multiple-choice questions: Choose the closest answer](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081514/55166a23550346a2698b5514/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
2) Internal Rates of Return (c) False, above 27.948%, NPV is
negative since NPV is 0 at IRRs Possible explanations:
At r=29%:PV = -3000 + 6910/1.29 – 3930/(1.29)2
PV = -$5.05 The NPV equation is a downward-opening
parabola because the coefficient on the squared term (-3000) is negative. So the range between IRRs must give positive NPV and outside of that range must have negative NPV.