temperature and heat. kinetic theory of matter what is kinetic energy? the energy of motion. what is...
TRANSCRIPT
Temperature and Heat
Kinetic theory of matter
• What is Kinetic Energy?• The energy of motion.• What is Matter?• The combination of particles in a substance
(matter has mass). • What is the “Kinetic theory of matter?”• The amount of energy of motion (kinetic
energy) present in a substance.
Solid liquid gas
Increasing Energy
Kinetic Energy of a gas 2,000,000,000,000 slower than is
actual is….
Kinetic energy of a molecule
Temperature
• Temperature is a measurement of increasing kinetic energy.– Smoothie vs. Hot Cocoa– Rub your hands together
Degrees
• We measure temperature in various ways.• Fahrenheit – used in only a small part of the
world. A scale created to place the freezing point of water 180 degrees away from each other.
• Celsius –used by the majority of the world. Water freezes at 0 and boils at 100.
• Kelvin – Changes the Celsius scale and places 0 as what is commonly called “absolute zero”. -273.15 Celsius.
Measuring temperature
• What instrument do we use to measure temperature?
• A Thermometer.• Notice “Thermo” is related to Thermal Energy
Thermal Expansion
• Gases,liquids and solids expand when they are heated.
Heat
• Flow of energy from an object with high temperature to an object with a low temperature.
Specific Heat
• The amount of energy a substance absorbs to increase its temperature.
• Every substance has a “specific” amount of energy needed.
Energy can move by...
– CONDUCTION
• This is the process that moves energy from one object to another when they are touching physically.
• When touching, particles from the object with more kinetic energy will transfer to the object with less kinetic energy.
CONDUCTION
ENERGY CAN MOVE BY...
• CONDUCTORS
– MATERIALS THAT TRANSFER ENERGY EASILY.
CONDUCTOR
ENERGY CAN BE CONTROLLED BY...
• INSULATORS
– OBJECTS THAT ARE POOR CONDUCTORS OF HEAT.
– HAVE HIGH SPECIFIC HEATS
– KEEP COOL SUBSTANCES COOL AND HOT SUBSTANCES HOT
INSULATORS
INSULATORS