telling stories with data: class 1
TRANSCRIPT
Telling Stories With DataClass #1March 20th, 2017
David Newbury — @workergnome 1
What We're Doing Today:
— Syllabus Review
— (Brief) History of Data Visualization
— (Tiny) Theory of Visualization
— (Nerdy) Overview of Concepts
— (Fake) Data Exploration
David Newbury — @workergnome 2
Course Website:datastories.davidnewbury.com
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Which is biggest?
15012, 8271, 30193, 1189, 9913, 16000, 92481, 49801, 100407, 2910, 3809, 8018, 61528, 18083, 38691, 1800
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Which is biggest?
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Which is biggest?
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Why do wevisualize?David Newbury — @workergnome 7
(Brief)History ofData Visualization
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Tabula Peutingeriana, 5th century CE
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Rene Descartes, 1600s
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Joseph Priestly, New Chart of History (1769)
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William Playfair, (1786 & 1801)
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John Snow, London Cholera Map (1854)
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Cholera Map
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Florence Nightingale, War Deaths (1855)
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Charles Minard, March on Moscow (1862)
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More recent history.
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New York Times
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(tiny)
Theory of VisualizationDavid Newbury — @workergnome 22
Dataviz is constructed reality.You are telling a story, not (just) stating facts.
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data art
as opposed to
data visualization
as opposed to
statistical graphicsDavid Newbury — @workergnome 24
StatisticalGraphics
How do I create Statistical Graphs in SAS 9.1.3 without Proc Gplot. UCLA: Statistical Consulting Group.http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/sas/notes2/
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Data Art
Dear Data Giorgia Lupi & Stefanie Posavec.http://www.dear-data.com
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Two Uses1). help people grasp things outside their reach
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Two Uses1). help people grasp things outside their reach
2.) tell stories
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explanatory visualization work
as opposed to
exploratory visualizations
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Dataviz is constructed reality.Do you care how true your story is?
Do you care how accurate your story is?
Are you trying to teach, entertain, or convince?
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(Nerdy)Overview of Concepts
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What can you visualise?
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Potential Subjects.
subways, sheep, the solar system,shoes, sleep, skyline,snow, supermarket, sausages,school,the sea, spiders,staircases, syrup, soap,sawmills, stereos...
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Potential Subjects.
subways, sheep, the solar system,shoes, sleep, skyline,snow, supermarket, sausages,school,the sea, spiders,staircases, syrup, soap,sawmills, stereos...
...and other things that begin with S.
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What are you interested in?
I'm interested in subways.
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Data Visualization starts with...
A Question.David Newbury — @workergnome 36
What question about your subject are you interested in?
— Are subways more efficient than owning a car?
— How often do I ride the subway in a year?
— What's locations have the best access to subways?
— What's the average subway commute in Pittsburgh?
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Dimension and Scopeare about choosing what to focus on.
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Dimension
Which bits of information about a subjectare you going to focus on?
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Possible Dimensions
number of carsduration of ridedate of a ridedifferent linesnumber of stopscost per ridenumber of stops per daytime between stopscleanlinessDavid Newbury — @workergnome 40
Scope
Out of the infinite ways to look at your subject, how are you going to choose one?
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Possible Scopes
All trains in a dayAll the rides that I've been on this yearMy train this morningAll of the stops in the cityEach lineEvery train stop in the past 50 years
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(Fake)Data Exploration
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Choose one.
subways, sheep, the solar system,shoes, sleep, skyline,snow, supermarket, sausages,school,the sea, spiders,staircases, syrup, soap,sawmills, stereos...
...and other things that begin with S.
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TRY IT.1. Write down your subject2. Write down your question3. Write down as many dimensions as you can
4. Write down possible scopes for your dataDavid Newbury — @workergnome 45
What does yourdata look like?
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Types of Data
DatesNumbersGeo CoordinateStringsCategories
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Types of Data
number of cars - Numericduration of ride - Numericdate of a ride - Datedifferent lines - Categorynumber of stops - Numericcost per ride - Categorynumber of stops per day - Numerictime between stops - Numericcleanliness - StringDavid Newbury — @workergnome 48
Two (related ides):
Categories & measures
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Categories are Discrete Things
Measures are for Counting
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number of cars - Measureduration of ride - Measuredate of a ride - Measuredifferent lines - Categoriesnumber of stops - Measurecost per ride - Categoriesnumber of stops per day - Measuretime between stops - Measurecleanliness - Categories
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A hidden dimension:
David, Daniel, Dawn, Danique
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A hidden dimension:
David (1), Daniel (2), Dawn (3), Danique (4)
Position of the item in the group.
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TRY IT.1. Choose a scope for your data.
2. Identify which dimensions are relevant.
3. Is the dimension is a category or a measure?
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NowWhat?
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We need to map our data
from a domainto a range.
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Domain
number of cars - 1...8duration of ride - 30 sec...2 hoursdate of a ride - - 24ft...200ftdifferent lines - Red line, Blue line, Green line, Silver Line, Yellow Linenumber of stops - **2..20cost per ride - "$2.50, $1.75, $3.00, $0.00"number of stops per day - ??...???time between stops - 30 sec..5 minutesDavid Newbury — @workergnome 57
Range
Domain is the possible input values
Range is the possible output values
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Data3, 7, 10, 6, 2Position of the item in the group.
Domain[0-10][1-5]
RangeX: 400px Y: 800px
MappingX: item position Y: numeric value David Newbury — @workergnome 59
Data3, 7, 10, 6, 2Position of the item in the group.
AreaDavid Newbury — @workergnome 60
Data3, 7, 10, 6, 2Position of the item in the group.
ColorDavid Newbury — @workergnome 61
Data
val1: 3, 7, 10, 6, 2val2: 5, 8, 1, 8, 3val3: Cat, Dog, Cat, Cat, DogPosition of the item in the group.
Mapping
X: item position Y: val1 Size: val2 Color: val3
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Dimensions beyond X and Y.
ColorSizeShapeLabelsPatternsIconsAnything Else You Can Imagine
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TRY IT.1. Identify your domains
2. For each domain, choose a range
3. Draw it!
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FinishingTouchesDavid Newbury — @workergnome 65
Measures get AxisCategories get Headers
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Labels
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Axis
Category AxisNumber AxisDate AxisLog axis
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Legends
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TRY IT.1. Add a title to your chart
2. Label your axis
3. Add legends and labels as needed
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Review
DimensionsScope
DomainRange
CategoriesMeasures
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Thank You.
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