telescopes for all the colors of light. similar to the telescope galileo used to see the moons of...
TRANSCRIPT
Telescopes
For all the colors of light
Similar to the telescopeGalileo used to see the moonsof Jupiter, the moon, and Venus
Uses Lenses!
Galileo’s telescopes
150 foot long refracting telescope!!
Built by Johannes Hevelius
An old Refractor with guide scope
But lenses absorbed some of the faint light, caused the colors to focus at different points, and could only be made to a certain size. The largest is the 40 inch refracting telescope at
Yerkes observatory. Glass bigger than that would not be able to hold itself up!
SO…
Designed byIsaac Newton –originally designed withno secondary mirroror eyepiece. You justput your eye near thetop and looked in!
Eyepieces and camerasmade it all easier to use.
Early Newtonian telescope
You could make a glass mirror a LOT bigger than 40 inches – and it didn’t distort the light.
A 5 meter mirror (the Hale telescope at Mt. Palomar) was the largest for a long time.
Currently, the largest Single Piece of glass telescope is 8 meters (Subaru and others)
People were still unsatisfied – and came up with the idea of putting together a number of carefully made mirror segments, controlled by computer to stay extremely accurate.
Keck I was a 10 meter segmented telescope – and the current largest.
The addition of Keck II (another 10 meter telescope) makes a very large telescope array.
The deeper the curve, the closer in the focal point.
Optical telescopes have farther focal points, Radio telescopes have shorter ones.
To make a shortertelescope, they puta secondary mirror infront to reflect it backthrough the main mirror.
Most large telescopesuse this design.
Herschel’sNewtonianstyletelescope.
24 inch Schmidt at Palomar
Used for takingimages of solarsystem objects – planets and comets.
Optical Telescopes are on Mountain tops Away from the lights of the cities, above the clouds, above
the weather,
Radio Telescopes are in Valleys Avoiding the radio noise made by cities, cars, and radio
stations
X-ray and Gamma ray telescopes are in space X-rays and Gamma rays can’t get through the atmosphere!
Radio Telescopes
Seeing one kind of invisible light
Built by Grote ReberNow at NRAO-Greenbank
First Radio Telescope
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The Big Ear - OSU(dismantled)
Developed by John Kraus
Jodrell Bank - UK
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NRAO – Greenbank, WV
The 40 foot telescope used byteachers and a few others. Including Mr.B
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100 MinGermany
World’s Largest - Arecibo
VLA – Socorro, NM
Optical Telescopes
Visible and Infrared
On the Ground and in Space
Yerkes – 40 inch refractor
Hooker – Mt Wilson
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Hale – Mt. Palomar
200 inch5 meter
solid glassmirror
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Keck I and II – Mauna Kea
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Subaru –Mauna Kea
HST
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IRAS
InfraRedAstronomySatellite
IRTF – Mauna Kea
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Spitzer
Next generationIR telescope inspace.
Millimeter and Sub-millimeter Telescopes
JCMT – Mauna Kea
JamesClerkMaxwellTelescope
Millimeterand sub-millimeter
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Gamma Ray Telescopes
Really High Energy!!!
Looking for Cherenkov Radiation in the atmosphere to prove gamma rays are coming in.
Gammam - Haleakala
Whipple – Gamma-ray telescope
X-Ray Telescopes
Chandra X-Ray Telescope
X-Ray Telescope (HEAO)
Grazing Incidence X-Ray Mirror
Other interesting Telescopes
Kitt Peak – Solar Telescope
Amanda – Looking through the Earth for Neutrinos
300 foot – NRAO - Before
300 foot – NRAO - After
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DisclaimerAloha
I put together these power points for use in my science classes.You may use them in your classes.
Some images are public domain, some are used under the fair-use provisions of the copyright law, some are mine. Copyright is retained by the owners!
Ted Brattstrom