teco-2006, 4 dec 2006, geneva abteilung messnetze und daten building and operating a station network...

TECO-2006, 4 dec 2006, Geneva

Abteilung Messnetze und DatenAbteilung Messnetze und Daten

Building and Operating a Station Network for Climatology and Hydrology

K. Klapheck, S. Alsen, R. Bauer, A. BungenstockDeutscher Wetterdienst Hamburg

E-mail: [email protected]ö[email protected]@dwd.de

[email protected]

Adress: Jenfelder Allee 70a D-22043 Hamburg


Abteilung Messnetze und DatenAbteilung Messnetze und Daten

- Introduction

- Progress in building up the network

- Station description

- Facilities of the network

- Maintenance of software and hardware

- Final remarks


Abteilung Messnetze und Daten

Need for modernizing the ‚voluntary Observer network‘ for climatology/hydrology :

by

using new measurement- and information-technology and

redesigning the net (locations, numbers, equipment of stations):

achieve

- automizing the readings of instruments

- prompting eye observations into electronic data processing



Other objectives of the new network

- Improve data quality: same level as data from synoptical stations

- fast availability of data

- central archiving of data

- remote monitoring and remote configuring of stations



Building the network: working routines

Activities at the site:

- searching for station locations- granting contract with site owner- pre-installation of the measurem. area- provision of ISDN connection- installation of the measurement system- starting up and instruction

Providing hardware & software for station & network

- fixing user requirements- writing specifications- procurement procedures- acceptance tests of prototypes- tests of series production

- system modifications



Type

in operation (Oct 2006)

planned

AMDA III / S (Standard station, with observer) 245 301

AMDA III / N (Precipitation station, with observer) 405 500

subtotal 650 801

AMDA III / W (Wind station, no observer) 11 99

total 666 900

Station types and numbers

AMDA = Automatical Meteorological Data-Acquisition system

(AMDA I / II : system for the synoptical network with / without full-time observer, see Klapheck et al., TECO2005)



Monitor program



Station scheme

- 100 cm

- 50 cm

- 20 cm

- 10 cm

- 5 cm

+ 5 cm

Erdbodentemperatur-sensoren

Lufttemperatur-sensor

AK - E AK -L/F AK - S AK - N AK - W

Lufttemperatur-,Luftfeuchtesensoren

+ 200 cmSonnenschein-

sensor

Niederschlags-sensor

WindmessanlageS Station

ISDN

NTBA

PSTN

DatenkommunikationsundMessnetzmanagement

MN2000

Beobachter - Terminal

ServiceProgramm



Station area



Measured variable Accuracy Sensor type Intersection SamplingAir temperature, 2m 0,2 K Pt100 analogue 1 / s

Relative humidity, 2m 3% Capacitive sensor HMP 45A analogue 1 / slouvred shield with fan, Pt100 and HMP 45A by twos

analogue

Air temperature, 5cm 0,2 K Pt100 analogue 1 / s

Soil temp., 5cm 0,2 K Pt100 analogue 1 / s





Precipitation 0,04 mm Precip. Weighing 'Pluvio' RS485 1 / min

Temp. at precip. Sensor 0,3 K Pt100 RS485

Sunshine duration < 1 min/h El. indicator 'SONI' RS422 1 / min

Wind speed 0,3 m/s Cup anemometer pulses 4 / s

Wind direction 5° Wind vane Gray-code 4 / s

List of sensors



Precipitation sensor

Ott ‚Pluvio‘



Deutscher Wetterdienst - AMDAIII/S 20.05.2001

Meteorologische Informationen eingeben

Aktuelle Messwerte anzeigen

Messwertverläufe anzeigen

Abgesandte Meldungen anzeigen

Systeminformationen anzeigen/ändern

Arbeit beenden

Meteorologische Informationen eingeben

Aktuelle Messwerte anzeigen

Messwertverläufe anzeigen

Abgesandte Meldungen anzeigen

Systeminformationen anzeigen/ändern

Arbeit beenden

0001

Kopfzeile

Anzeige- undEingabebereich

Observer‘s terminal:

main menue

Input met. Information

actual values

time series

sent messages

display/change system parameters

quit



Observer‘s activities

send messages at fixed time of the day: - precip. height (control measurem.), snow depth,- state of the ground- estimation of wind, cloudiness, visibility

send messages of continuous weather with general time indications or exact time intervals:- falling precipitation: y/n, type, intensity, frequency- deposited precipitation: dew, rime, slippery ice/snow- extraordinary weather appearances: electrical / optical phenomena, turbidity, extreme wind,...

Display data, messages and system information

Simple maintenance of sensors, set sensor status



Features of the station network center

- Calling data sets of time averages / sums of 1 min, 10 min, 1 h, 24 h of met. quantities Calling intervals: 1 h for ‚S‘ and ‚W‘ stations, 24 h for ‚N‘ stations, other intervals: configurable, and immediate calls - Receiving data on: incidents of exceeding thresholds of wind or precip. or certain weather penomena, system errors

- Network monitoring from any site of DWD intranet: software update, configuration of station groups, survey of individual stations

- Central data base

- Backup System

- Provisions for IT safety



Scheme of the network compositionAccess-Router

ISDN-Netzwerk

MN2000_S

AMDA/III

Ethernet

MN2000

DATEN_S Cisco-Secure Server(Cluster)

Service-PC

Workstation mitService-Applet

Access-Router

Firewall

Ethernet

MN2000_GW

Externe Nutzer

Access-Router

ISDN-Netzwerk

HP OVManager

Lokale

Nutzer

Landes-Zentralen



Quality assurance of data

1. Provisions at the station: - Range check - Variability check - Generation of a quality byte for each value sent to the network center - Alarm generation

2. Provisions at the network center - Off-line quality control and monitoring system (see Spengler, R., Proc. TECO2002, Dibbern, J., Proc. TECO2005)



AMDA III / N stations:24 h sums of precipitation

region: NW-Germanydate: 20 Nov 06, 05.50

Screenshot ofQUALIMET



System modification and maintenance

From the view of resources : expected long lifetime of the network (but no more support from system provider)

new requirementsfrom users, remove faults

modifications: who can do it ?

Station hardware:- components on store- test new marketable components and implement existing software

Network center:merging with synopt. network center in preparation

Station software:

Developers ? (if at hand)

DWD staff: keeps system knowledge



Final remarks

Benefits of the new network :

Improvement of climatological / hydrological data- less expenditure for observers: less errors- fast availability, time resolution of data- increased quality by on-line algorithms, monitoring programs, new hardware

Profits for additional users: availability of actual data- AMDA III / S data: complement the synopical station network- AMDA III / N data: useful for flood modelling/forecasting- AMDA III / W data: warning management



Thank you

for

attention

teco-2006, 4 dec 2006, geneva abteilung messnetze und daten building and operating a station network...

Documents

station network center

hamburg slide

system knowledge slide

safety slide

teco2005 slide

new network

network maintenance

station hardware