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qui phm kim tra v ch to cc tu

lm bng cht do ct si thy tinhRules for the Survey and Construction ofShips of Fibreg lass Reinforc ed Plastic s

chng 1 qui nh chung

1.1 Qui nh chung

1.1.1 Phm vi p dng

1 Vic gim st v ch to cc tu cht do ct si thy tinh (sau y gi l "Tu FRP") phi theo qui nh caQui phm ny.

2 Nhng qui nh ca Qui phm ny c p dng cho tu FRP c vng hot ng khng hn ch, tr tu du,c chiu di nh hn 35 mt, c hnh dng v t l kch thc thng dng.

3 Kt cu thn tu, trang thit b v cc tr s tnh ton ca cc c cu thn tu FRP c vng ho t ng hn chc th c thay i thch hp ty theo iu kin khai thc.

4 Nhng yu cu ca Qui phm ny c p dng cho tu FRP to hnh theo phng php th cng hocphng php phun, dng nha polyeste khng bo ha v ct bng si thy tinh. Nhng tu g ch c bcbng FRP hoc nhng tu c kt cu tng t s khng c coi l tu FRP.

5 Vi nhng tu FRP c hnh dng hoc t l kch thc khng thng dng, tu FRP dng chuyn ch nhnghng ha c bit, hoc tu FRP c to hnh theo phng php hoc bng vt liu khc vi qui nh -4trn, th kt cu thn tu, trang thit b, vic b tr v kch thc phi c ng kim xem xt ring trongtng trng hp.

6 Khng ph thuc vo nhng qui nh t-1 n -5 trn y, nhng tu FRP mang c Vit Nam phi tha mnqui nh tng ng ca cc Qui phm khc ca ng kim Vit Nam (sau y gi l ng kim).

1.1.2 Thay th tng ng

Kt cu thn tu, trang thit b, vic b tr v kch thc khc vi qui nh trong Qui ph m ny c th c

ng kim chp nhn nu xt thy chng tng ng vi cc yu cu ca Qui phm ny.

1.1.3 K hiu cp tu

Tu FRP c phn cp v ghi vo s ng k vi k hiu ng k "Thn FRP" km theo k hiu phn cp quinh 2.1.3 Phn 1A ca "Qui phm phn cp v ng tu bin v thp"- TCVN 6259 : 2003 (sau y gi l"Qui phm ng tu v thp").

1.2 nh ngha

1.2.1 Phm vi p dng

Nu khng c qui nh no khc, cc thut ng theo nh ngha di y c dng trong Qui phm ny.

1.2.2 Chiu di ca tu

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Chiu di tu (L) l khong cch tnh bng mt, o trn ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht qui nh 1.2.7(2), t cnh trc ca sng mi n cnh sau ca tr li nu tu FRP c tr li hoc n ng tm ca trc

bnh li nu tu FRP khng c tr li. Tuy nhin, nu tu FRP c ui tun dng thL c nh ngha nh trn hoc bng 96% chiu di ton b o theo ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht, ly tr s no ln hn.

1.2.3 Chiu rng ca tu

Chiu rng ca tu (B) l khong cch nm ngang tnh bng mt, gia cc mt ngoi ca lp v o mt trnca lp boong trn mn, ti phn rng nht ca thn tu.

1.2.4 Chiu cao mn ca tu

Chiu cao mn ca tu (D) l khong cch thng ng tnh bng mt, t mt di ca lp y hoc t giao

tuyn ca mt di ca lp y vi mt phng dc tm ca tu (sau y gi l im chn ca D) n mt

trn ca lp boong trn, o mn, ti trung im caL.

1.2.5 Phn gia tu

Phn gia tu l phn thuc 0,4L gia tu, nu khng c qui nh no khc.

1.2.6 Cc phn mt tu

Cc phn mt tu tng ng l cc phn thuc 0,1L tnh t mi mt tu.

1.2.7 ng nc ch hng v ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht

(1) ng nc ch hng l ng nc ng vi mi tr s mn kh qui nh Chng 20.(2) ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht l ng nc ng vi trng thi ton ti.

1.2.8 Chiu chm ch hng v chiu chm ch hng thit k cao nht

(1) Chiu chm ch hng l khong cch thng ng tnh bng mt, o t mt trn ca ky y n ng ncch hng.

(2) Chiu chm ch hng thit k cao nht (d) l khong cch thng ng tnh bng mt, o t mt trn ca ky

y n ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht ti im gia caL.

1.2.9 Boong mn kh

1 Boong mn kh thng l boong lin tc trn cng. Tuy nhin, nu c nhng l khot khng c phng tinng thng xuyn phn l ca boong lin tc trn cng hoc nu c nhng l khot khng c phng tin

ng kn ncthng xuyn mn tu di boong th boong mn kh l boong lin tc di boong .2 nhng tu c boong l thin gin on th ng thp nht ca boong y v phn ko di ca ng thp

nht ny song song vi phn boong bn trn s c coi l boong mn kh.

1.2.10 Boong tnh ton

Boong tnh ton mt phn ca chiu di tu l boong trn cng phn m lp v c a ln ti. Tuynhin, vng thng tng, tr thng tng h khng tham gia vo bn dc, th boong tnh ton l boong ngay di boong thng tng.

1.2.11 Ct si thy tinh

Ct si thy tinh l nhng tm si thy tinh bm (sau y gi l tm si bm), nhng tm vi si thy tinhth (sau y gi l vi si th) v si thy tinh th (sau y gi l si th) dng lm ct cho FRP cch to t cc si di.

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1.2.12 Nha

Nha l nha polyeste lng khng bo ha dng dt v to v.

1.2.13 T l pha trn

T l pha trn l t s trng lng cht lm cng v cht xc tc trn trng lng ca nha.

1.2.14 Dt

Dt l cng ngh t lin tip cc ct si thy tinh tm nha trc khi x l hoc trc khi dt lp bo dng.

1.2.15 Lin kt

Lin kt l cng ngh ni FRP c bo dng s b vi cc c cu khc bng FRP, g, bt nha cng,v.v... bng cch tm ct si thy tinh vi nha.

1.2.16 To hnh

To hnh l cng ngh ch to sn phm FRP c hnh dng, bn, v.v... xc nh bng cch dt hoc linkt.

1.2.17 Kt cu mt lp

Kt cu mt lp l kt cu gm mt tm FRP c to hnh bng ct si thy tinh v nha.

1.2.18 Kt cu nhiu lp

Kt cu nhiu lp l kt cu gm nhng lp FRP ghp vo c hai mt ca vt liu li nh bt nha cng, nha,g (k c g dn), v.v...

1.2.19 To hnh bng phng php th cng

To hnh bng phng php th cng l phng php tm nha vo ct si thy tinh bng th cng.

1.2.20 To hnh bng phng php phun

To hnh bng phng php phun l phng php to hnh bng cch dng cc thit b phun, phun lin tipnha vo ct si thy tinh.

1.3 Nhng qui nh chung v kt cu thn tu v trang thit b

1.3.1 p dng Qui phm ng tu v thp

Sng ui, bnh li, my li, ct v trang thit b phi ph hp vi qui nh cc Phn tng ng ca Quiphm ng tu v thp.

1.3.2 n nh

n nh ca tu FRP phi tha mn yu cu Phn 10 ca Qui phm ng tu v thp -TCVN 6259 -10 :2003.

1.3.3 Tu khch

Ngoi nhng yu cu ca Qui phm ny, kt cu thn tu, trang thit b, vic b tr v kch thc cc c cu

ca tu khch phi c xem xt ring theo c im thit k, ng thi phi quan tm n s tha mn ccCng c Quc t v cc Qui nh ca Quc gia ni tu c ng k.

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1.3.4 Kch thc

1 Kch thc cc c cu thn tu qui nh trong Qui phm ny c p dng cho cc tu FRP to hnh bng ctsi thy tinh bao gm tm si bm v vi si th v to hnh bng FRP c bn qui nh t (1) n (4) sauy, nhng khng k lp nha ph:

(1) bn ko: 10 kg/mm2

(2) M un n hi ko: 700 kg/mm2

(3) bn un: 15 kg/mm2

(4) M un n hi un: 700 kg/mm2

2 Vi kt cu v mt lp, kch thc cc c cu qui nh trong Qui phm ny c th c thay i bng cchnhn vi h s cho (1) v (2) sau y nu c to hnh bng FRP c bn ln hn qui nh -1 trn.

(1) i vi chiu dy, h s c tnh theo cng thc sau y:

B

15

Trong :

B: bn un ca FRP, xc nh bng cch th vt liu qui nh 4.4.4 (kg/mm2).

(2) i vi m un chng un (k c m dun chng un ca tit din ngang thn tu) h s c tnh theocng thc sau y:

T

10

Trong :

T: bn ko ca FRP, xc nh bng cch th vt liu qui nh 4.4.4 (kg/mm2).

3 Khi tnh ton kch thc c cu cc lp ca kt cu nhiu lp, m un n hi un ca kt cu lp trong

hoc lp ngoi c th c xc nh bng cch th vt liu qui nh 4.4.4 (kg/mm2

).4 Trong tnh ton m un chng un ca c cu phi k n cc lp FRP (mp km) rng 150 mi-li-mt hai

bn tm thnh ca c cu.

1.3.5 Kt cu kiu m

1 Chiu dy ti thiu ca tm thnh v tm mt ca sng, x boong, sn, ngang y, v.v... kiu m rnghoc kiu m c li to hnh phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cc cng thc sau y:

Chiu dy tm thnh: 0,034d0K (mm)

Chiu dy tm mt: 0,05bK (mm)Trong :

d0 : Chiu cao tit din tm thnh (mm).b : Chiu rng tm mp (mm).

K= 1,0. Tuy nhin, nu m un chng un tit din ca c cu ln hn tr s qui nh th Kc tnhtheo cng thc sau y:

Z

Z

R

A

Trong :

ZR: M un chng un tit din c cu theo qui nh.

ZA: M un chng un tit din thc ca c cu.

2 Li to hnh c th c tnh vo bn ca c cu theo s tha thun vi ng kim.3 Kch thc ca cc c cu khc phi theo yu cu ca cc Chng c lin quan.

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1.3.6 Kt cu nhiu lp

1 Li ca kt cu nhiu lp to thnh mt tm phi l loi li mt lp. Chiu dy ca li phi khng ln hn 25mi-li-mt. Tuy nhin, cu to ca cc loi li khc phi theo nhng qui nh ring ca ng kim.

2 T s ca chiu dy lp ngoi v lp trong ca FRP phi khng nh hn 0,8. Nu t s chiu dy ca lp

ngoi v lp trong nh hn 0,8 th kt cu phi c ng kim xem xt c bit.3 Li c th c tnh vo bn theo s tha thun vi ng kim.

4 Kch thc ca cc c cu khc phi theo yu cu ca cc Chng c lin quan.

1.3.7 Trng lng ca ct si thy tinh v chiu dy ca lp v

1 Chiu dy ca cc lp gia cc tm si bm hoc vi si th c th c tnh theo cng thc sau y:

W

G

W WG

R

G

G

G

R10 1000 1000

+

Trong :WG : Trng lng thit k ca mt n v din tch tm si bm hoc vi si th ( g/m2).

G : Dung lng thy tinh ca lp (t s trng lng) (%).R : T trng ca nha c x l.

G : T trng ca tm si bm hoc vi si th.

2 Dung lng thy tinh (G) qui nh -1 trn l tr s tnh theo tng phn lp ca mt lp. Tuy nhin, dunglng ny c th c ly bng dung lng trung bnh ca thy tinh trong ton lp.

3 Nu khng c qui nh no khc, t trng ca tm si bm hoc vi si th (G) nu -1 trn c th c lybng 2,5 khi tnh ton chiu dy lp v.

4 T trng ca nha c x l (R) nu -1 trn khi tnh ton chiu dy c th ly bng 1,2, tr khi cnhng cht n lm cho nha nng hn.

5 Vic tnh ton chiu dy ca lp c ct si thy tinh khng phi l tm si bm hoc vi si th phi theonhng qui nh ring ca ng kim.

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Ch n g 2 k i m t r a ph n c p

2.1 Qui nh chung

1 Ngoi nhng qui nh trong Chng ny, vic kim tra phn cp i vi tu FRP phi theo nhng qui nh Phn 1B ca Qui phm ng tu v thp.

2 Khi gim st tu FRP c chiu di di 20 mt, danh mc, phm vi v mc kim tra c th c thay ithch hp nu c ng kim chp nhn.

3 Trong t kim tra hng nm ln th hai sau khi ch to, phi tin hnh kim tra bn trong cc kt nhin liuch to bng FRP.

2.2 Kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to

2.2.1 Qui nh chung

1 Khi kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to, thn tu, trang thit b, my mc, trang b phng v pht hinchy, phng tin thot nn, trang b cha chy, thit b in, n nh v mn kh phi c kim tra chi tit khng nh rng chng tha mn yu cu trong cc Chng c lin quan.

2 V nguyn tc, cm vic lp t mi vt liu c cha a mi ng.

2.2.2 Cc bn v v h s phi trnh duyt

1 i vi tu FRP, kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to, trc khi bt u gia cng, cc bn v v h slit k t (1) n (3) sau y phi c trnh ng kim xt duyt:

(1) Thn tu :

(a) Danh mc v c tnh ca cc nguyn liu;(b) Bn v b tr chung;(c) Bn v kt cu mt ct ngang vng gia tu (th hin cc tit din ngang ti khoang hng, bung my

v vng kt mn, nu c, ghi r cc thng s lin quan n phn cp v chiu chm ch hng);(d) Bn v kt cu mi tu v ui tu, sng mi v sng ui;(e) Bn v tr li v bnh li (k c cc vt liu v vn tc ca tu);(f) Bn v kt cu mt ct ngang (th hin kt cu ca vch kn nc, chiu chm ch hng, kch thc

m, cc tit din ngang ca tu 0,1L v 0,2L tnh t mi v ui tu);(g) Bn v kt cu boong (th hin b tr v kt cu ca ming khoang, x ngang u ming khoang,

v.v...);(h) Bn v kt cu y (y n, y i);

(i) Bn v kt cu vch kn nc v vch kn du (ghi r v tr cao nht ca kt v v tr nh ca ngtrn);

(j) Bn v kt cu vch mt thng tng (gm c kt cu ca ca);(k) Bn v kt cu b ni hi, b my chnh, b chn, b gi trc trung gian, b my pht v b ca cc

my ph quan trng khc (ghi r cng sut, chiu cao v trng lng ca my chnh, v tr ca cc bulng b my);

(l) Bn v thit b li (th hin cc chi tit kt cu v vt liu);(m) Qui trnh dt lp v v cc chi tit lin kt.

(2) My tu:Cc bn v v h s lin quan n my mc qui nh 2.1.2-1 (2), Chng 2 Phn 1B ca Qui phm ngtu v thp.

(3) Cc bn v v h s khc nu ng kim xt thy cn thit.

2.2.3 Cc bn v v h s phi trnh tham kho

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1 thc hin gim st trong qu trnh ch to, cng vi nhng bn v v h s phi trnh duyt yu cu 2.2.2, phi trnh cc bn v v h s sau y tham kho:

(1) Bng k cc hng mc;(2) Cc giy chng nhn th vt liu FRP qui nh Chng 4;(3) Qui trnh to hnh;(4) Cc bn tnh v s liu v bn v kt cu;(5) Nu cc ng nc ch hng c k theo yu cu ca Chng 20 th phi trnh cc bn v v h s qui

nh 2.1.3-1 (4) Chng 2 Phn 1B ca Qui phm ng tu v thp.(6) Nu s dng vt liu c cha a mi ng, th phi trnh h s v v tr v cc thng tin chi tit khc.

2 Cc bn v v h s khng qui nh -1, c th s phi trnh nu ng kim xt thy cn thit.

2.2.4 Kim tra trong qu trnh ch to

1 kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to, vic kim tra phi c thc hin tt c cc bc ca cngvic to hnh t khi bt u n khi kt thc.

2 ng kim vin s c mt kim tra cc bc cng vic lin quan n thn tu sau y :(1) Khi th nghim vt liu FRP qui nh Chng 4;(2) Trong qu trnh to hnh nu c ng kim ch nh;(3) Khi th nghim bn ca FRP qui nh Chng 4;(4) Khi to hnh lin kt (v d v bao vi boong);(5) Khi vt liu hoc phn vt liu khng c ch to ti hin trng c lp ln tu FRP;(6) Khi th thy lc v th kn nc;(7) Khi th ng di;(8) Khi ng kim xt thy cn thit.

3 i vi cc cng vic lin quan n my mc v thit b, ng kim vin s phi c mt theo yu cu 2.1.5,

Chng 2 Phn 1B ca Qui phm ng tu v thp.4 Tr trng hp khi th ng di, cc bc cng vic m ng kim vin phi c mt theo yu cu -2 c th

c thay i theo thc trng ca cc thit b ch to, kh nng k thut v h thng kim tra cht lng caxng ng tu.

2.3 Kim tra phn cp nhng tu khng c ng kim gim st trong qu trnh ch to

2.3.1 Qui nh chung

1 Khi kim tra phn cp nhng tu FRP ch to khng c s gim st ca ng kim, phi o cc kch thcthc ca cc b phn chnh ca tu, kim tra thn tu, trang thit b, my mc, trang b phng v pht hin

chy, phng tin thot nn, trang b cha chy, thit b in, tnh n nh v mn kh theo yu cu nh ivi t kim tra nh k tng xng vi tui ca tu.

2 Vi nhng tu FRP nh kim tra phn cp nh qui nh -1 trn, phi trnh duyt nhng bn v v h s nhyu cu i vi kim tra phn cp trong qu trnh ch to.

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Chng 3 xng ch to

3.1 Qui nh chung

3.1.1 Phm vi p dng

Nhng yu cu Chng ny p dng cho xng ch to tu FRP v cc thit b ca xng.

3.1.2 Xng ch to

Cc xng ch to tu FRP mang cp ca ng kim phi trnh cc s liu chi tit v cc thit b ca phnxng to hnh v kho cha nguyn liu ng kim vin kim tra.

3.2 Phn xng dt

3.2.1 B tr v trang b ca phn xng dt

1 Phn xng dt phi c b tr thnh cc phn khu sao cho chng tch bit nhau trong qu trnh thc hincng ngh dt.

2 Phn xng dt phi c b tr sao cho trnh c s xm nhp ca gi, bi v m t, v.v...

3 Thit b v cch b tr chng trong phn xng dt phi hp l v mt vn chuyn nguyn liu v qu trnhdt, v.v...

3.2.2 Phng tin thng gi

Khi lp t cc phng tin thng gi cho phn xng dt phi xem xt k lng sao cho khng gy nhhng xu n vic bo dng cc lp.

3.2.3 iu ha nhit

Phn xng dt phi c thit b iu ha nhit gi nhit trong phng thch hp vi vic s dng nhatrong cng ngh dt.

3.2.4 m tng i

1 Trong phn xng dt m tng i phi c duy tr thch hp trong qu trnh cng ngh dt.

2 Nu cn, phi c thit b ht m.

3.2.5 Che chn

Ca ly nh sng v ca s ca phn xng dt phi c phng tin che chn thch hp cho lp dt khngb nh sng mt tri di trc tip.

3.2.6 Thit b ht bi

Phn xng dt phi c thit b ht bi thch hp lm sch bi trong qu trnh cng ngh dt.

3.3 Kho nguyn liu

3.3.1 Thit b v b tr kho

Thit b v b tr ca kho nguyn liu phi hp l vi vic bo qun v vn chuyn nguyn liu.

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3.3.2 Kho nha, v.v...

Nha, cht lm cng v cht xc tc phi c bo qun ni mt m v ti.

3.3.3 Kho ct si thy tinh

Ct si thy tinh phi c ct gi ni kh v khng c bi.

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Chng 4 vt liu ch to thn tu

4.1 Qui nh chung

4.1.1 Phm vi p dng

Nhng yu cu trong Chng ny p dng cho FRP v cc nguyn liu ch to chng. Cc vt liu kim loiphi theo yu cu Phn 7A ca Qui phm ng tu v thp.

4.1.2 Nguyn liu ch to cc kt cu c bn

Ct si thy tinh, nha ch to cc lp, vt liu li ch to kt cu nhiu lp ca tu FRP phi c kimtra vi s c mt ca ng kim vin v phi c c ng kim chp nhn, tr nhng nguyn liu cng kim cng nhn theo cc yu cu 4.2.

4.2 Cng nhn

4.2.1 Cng nhn cc nguyn liu

Theo yu cu ca x nghip ch to nguyn liu, ng kim s kim tra cc vt liu c s dng, phngphp ch to, cc tiu chun kim tra trong xng, h thng kim tra cht lng, v.v... i vi cc nguyn liuc lit k t (1) n (3) sau y v thc hin nhng th nghim v kim tra theo qui nh trong Chngny trn nhng mu th c ng kim ch nh. Nu cc mu th t yu cu ca cuc th v kim tra thchng c coi l nhng vt liu c cng nhn:

(1) Ct si thy tinh;(2) Nha ch to lp v;(3) Vt liu li ch to kt cu nhiu lp.

4.2.2 Tip tc cng nhn

Mun c tip tc cng nhn, x nghip ch to nguyn liu phi c kim tra nh k vi khong thi giankhng di qu mt nm theo cc yu cu (1) v (2) sau y:

(1) Kim tra cc vt liu c s dng, phng php ch to, cc tiu chun kim tra trong phn xng, hthng kim tra cht lng, v.v...

(2) Th nghim v kim tra theo ch nh ca ng kim.

4.2.3 Hy quyt nh cng nhn

Nu vt liu c cng nhn ri vo mt trong cc trng hp t (1) n (3) sau y th quyt nh cngnhn do ng kim cp s b hy b:

(1) Nu cc vt liu c s dng, phng php ch to, tiu chun kim tra trong xng, cht lng ca hthng kim tra, v.v... tnh trng xu hn so vi tnh trng lc c cng nhn v t ra khng t yu cu.

(2) Nu vt liu c cng nhn khng t yu cu ca t kim tra nh k theo qui nh.(3) Nu khng thc hin kim tra nh k theo qui nh.

4.3 Nguyn liu, v.v...

4.3.1 Th nghim v kim tra ct si thy tinh

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1 Cc th nghim v kim tra qui nh 4.1.2 i vi ct si thy tinh dng ch to kt cu thn tu FRPphi theo cc yu cu t-2 n -4 sau y. Trong trng hp ny, qui trnh th v kim tra phi c ngkim chp nhn.

2 Cc tm si bm phi c th nghim v kim tra theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (5) sau y:

(1) Hnh dng bn ngoi;(2) Trng lng mt n v din tch v s sai lch ti a ca trng lng ;(3) T s trng lng cc cht kt dnh cn d (k c cc cht b);(4) bn un v m dun n hi un ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun);(5) bn ko v m un n hi ko ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun).

3 Vi si th phi c th nghim v kim tra theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (6) sau y:

(1) Hnh dng b ngoi;(2) Trng lng mt n v din tch v s sai lch ti a ca trng lng ;(3) T s trng lng ca cht b cn d;(4) bn ko ca si thy tinh;

(5) bn un v m un n hi un ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun);(6) bn ko v m un n hi ko ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun).

4 Si th to hnh bng phng php phun phi c th nghim v kim tra theo cc danh mc lit k t(1) n (5) sau y:

(1) Hnh dng b ngoi;(2) Trng lng mt n v din tch v s sai lch ti a ca trng lng ;(3) T s trng lng ca cht b cn d;(4) bn un v m un n hi un ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun);(5) bn ko v m un n hi ko ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun).

4.3.2 Th v kim tra nha dtNhng th nghim v kim tra qui nh 4.1.2 i vi nha to lp dng ch to kt cu thn tu FRPphi c thc hin theo cc danh mc lit k t (1) n (9) sau y. Qui trnh th nghim v kim tra phic ng kim chp nhn.

(1) nht v tnh ng cht;(2) Thi gian ng cng, thi gian x l ti thiu v nhit pht nhit cc tr;(3) Tr s A xit;(4) ht nc ca mu th c;(5) dn di v bn ko ca mu th c;(6) Nhit chu ti ca mu c;

(7) cng Barcol ghi nhn t mu th lp;(8) bn un v m un n hi un ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun);(9) bn ko v m un n hi ko ghi nhn t mu th lp (trong iu kin tiu chun).

4.3.3 Cc cht n

V cc cht n trn vi FRP tng cc c tnh nh tnh chng mn, tnh chu la, v.v..., cc s liu linquan n mc ch s dng, chng loi cht n, liu lng s dng, v.v... phi c trnh ng kim xemxt.

4.3.4 Cht lm cng v cht xc tc

Loi v liu lng s dng cc cht lm cng v cht xc tc phi c la chn thn trng sao cho thch hpvi nha to lp v to v cng, phi c pha trn ng lc khng gy nhit cc b qu mc.

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4.3.5 Th nghim v kim tra vt liu li ch to kt cu nhiu lp

1 Nhng cng vic th nghim v kim tra qui nh 4.1.2 i vi vt liu li ch to kt cu nhiu lp cathn tu FRP phi theo cc qui nh t-2 v -3 sau y. Trong trng hp ny, qui trnh th v kim tra phic ng kim chp nhn.

2 Bt nha cng phi c th v kim tra theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (7) sau y:(1) T trng;(2) bn nn v m un n hi nn;(3) mm;(4) ht nc;(5) bn ko v m un n hi ko (ch khi li c tnh vo bn ko);(6) bn un v m un n hi un (ch khi li c tnh vo bn un);(7) bn ct ghi nhn t mu th nhiu lp.

3 Li phi c th v kim tra theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (3) sau y:

(1) T trng v dung lng m;

(2) bn nn v m un n hi nn dc th;(3) bn ct ghi nhn t mu th kt cu nhiu lp.

4 G v g dn phi c th v kim tra theo danh mc t (1) n (4) sau y :

(1) bn nn v m un n hi nn;(2) bn ko v m un n hi ko (ch khi g ca g dn c tnh vo bn ko);(3) bn un v m un n hi un (ch khi g hoc g dn c tnh vo bn un);(4) bn ct ghi nhn t mu th kt cu nhiu lp.

4.3.6 G v g dn dng ch to kt cu c bn

1 G v g dn dng ch to kt cu c bn phi khng c mu, nt, mc v khuyt tt khc v phi cnhng c tnh thch hp vi mc ch s dng.

2 G v g dn dng ch to kt cu c bn phi kh.

3 G dn ch to kt cu c bn phi l g dn kt cu c ng kim cng nhn.

4.3.7 Li to hnh

1 Li to hnh cc sn, dm dc, v.v... phi c tnh chu du, chu Styren v chu nc v phi kt dnh chtc vi nha Polyeste.

2 Nu li to hnh c tnh vo bn th n phi c th nghim bn ko v m un n hi ko hoc

bn un v m un n hi un. Tuy nhin, nu c s liu trnh ng kim th c th khng cncc th nghim ni trn.

4.4 FRP

4.4.1 Qui nh chung

Cc th nghim vt liu v th bn ca FRP dng ch to kt cu thn tu FRP (k c cc lp FRP vtm nhiu lp FRP) phi theo cc yu cu ca Chng ny.

4.4.2 Th v kim tra FRP

FRP phi c th theo cc yu cu 4.4.4 v 4.4.5 vi s c mt ca ng kim vin.

4.4.3 Min th vt liu v th bn ca FRP

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1 Vi chic tu cng loi c ch to ti cng mt xng, mc d nhng yu cu 4.4.2, c th min th vtliu v th bn ca FRP nu nguyn liu c s dng, phng php ch to, tiu chun kim tra xng,cht lng ca h thng kim tra, v.v... c ng kim cng nhn. Tuy nhin, vi nhng tu c chiu ditrn 20 mt, vic th nghim bn ca FRP s khng c min tr.

2 FRP c min th theo qui nh -1 trn l FRP c ng kim cng nhn l c to hnh bng cngmt phng php dt v to hnh vi FRP c giy chng nhn th vt liu FRP theo cc yu cu 4.4.4.

4.4.4 Th vt liu FRP

1 Th vt liu FRP l nhng th nghim v kim tra FRP c tin hnh trc khi bt u to hnh FRP.

2 Mu th vt liu FRP phi c ct t FRP c cng cu to lp (tr lp v), c to hnh bng cng mtphng php ti cng mt xng nh ca cc lp thn tu thc. Mu th phi c th v kim tra theo ccdanh mc lit k (1) v (2) sau y. Qui trnh th v kim tra phi c ng kim chp nhn:

(1) Lp FRP (k c lp FRP ngoi cng ca kt cu nhiu lp);(a) Chiu dy to hnh;

(b) cng Barcol;(c) Dung lng thy tinh (t s trng lng);(d) bn un;(e) M un n hi un;(f) bn ko;(g) M un n hi ko.

(2) Kt cu nhiu lp(a) Chiu dy to hnh ca kt cu nhiu lp;(b) bn ko ca kt cu nhiu lp khi li c tnh vo bn ko. Trong trng hp ny, phi ly cc

mu th c cc lin kt vi li;(c) bn ct ca kt cu nhiu lp nu li c tnh vo bn un, phi ly mu th c cc lin kt

vi li.3 Th nghim vt liu FRP phi c thc hin t nht l vi cc c cu lit k t (1) n (4) sau y. Vi cc

c cu khc ch cn th vt liu FRP khi cc kch thc b thay i theo yu cu 1.3.4-2.

(1) Lp bao y;(2) Lp bao mn;(3) Lp boong trn;(4) Vch (ch khi l kt cu nhiu lp).

4 Cc kt qu th nghim vt liu FRP lit k t (1) n (10) sau y phi c trnh cho ng kim:

(1) Tn gi ca ct si thy tinh, nha dt, li ca kt cu nhiu lp;

(2) Tn gi v lng cht n c dng;(3) Tn gi v lng cht lm cng v cht xc tc c dng;(4) Qui trnh v iu kin to hnh;(5) Hng dn ly cc mu th;(6) Ngy to hnh v th mu;(7) Ni th v iu kin mi trng ni th;(8) Loi my th;(9) Hnh dng v kch thc mu th;(10) Cc kt qu th nghim.

5 Nu khng c qui nh no khc, s lng mu th nghim vt liu FRP phi bng 5. Tr s trung bnh ca3 tr s nh hn ly t 5 mu th ny c coi l kt qu th.

6 Kt qu th vt liu FRP phi khng nh hn bn qui nh 1.3.4 cho cc lp FRP v phi khng nh hncc tr s nhn c t cc th nghim qui nh 4.2.1 v 4.3.5 cho cc kt cu nhiu lp.

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4.4.5 Th bn ca FRP

1 Th bn ca FRP gm nhng th nghim v kim tra thc hin sau khi hon thnh tu FRP.

2 Cc mu th c ct t cc lp v cc kt cu nhiu lp ly t cc lp thn tu thc hoc cc lp v cc ktcu nhiu lp tng ng phi qua cc th nghim v kim tra theo danh mc qui nh 4.4.4-2 v -3. Ngoi

ra, qui trnh th, v tr chn mu th phi c ng kim chp nhn.3 Cc kt qu th bn ca FRP phi trnh cho ng kim l cc kt qu th bn ca FRP theo danh mc

qui nh 4.4.4-3 v cc v tr chn mu th.

4 S lng mu th bn ca FRP v cch xc nh kt qu th phi theo qui nh 4.4.4-5.

5 Nu kt qu th bn ca FRP nh hn cc kt qu th vt liu FRP qui nh 4.4.4 th kt cu phi cgia cng thch ng.

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Chng 5 to hnh

5.1 Qui nh chung

5.1.1 Phm vi p dng

Nhng yu cu ca Chng ny c p dng cho trng hp m FRP c to thnh bng phng php thcng hoc phng php phun. Cc phng php to hnh khc vi hai phng php ni trn phi c ngkim xem xt v chp nhn trong tng trng hp.

5.1.2 Gim st phng php to hnh

Cng vic to hnh FRP phi c thc hin di s gim st ca chuyn gia c nhiu kinh nghim.

5.1.3 X l sau khi to hnh

Hnh to c cha c x l y phi trnh iu kin mi trng gy tr ngi cho vic x l hu hiu.Vic x l nhit cao sau khi to hnh, nu c d nh, phi c ng kim chp nhn.

5.1.4 Mang hnh to

Sau khi tho khi khun, hnh to phi c mang bng phng tin thch hp.

5.1.5 T l pha trn

T l pha trn gia cht lm cng v cht xc tc phi c xc nh thch hp c c FRP c cht lngtt c xt n cc iu kin mi trng ca phn xng dt nh nhit , m tng i... v thi h n sdng ca nha.

5.1.6 Cng ngh th cng

Trc khi to hnh phi xem xt chi tit theo danh mc lit k t (1) n (4) sau y v vic to hnh phic tin hnh trn c s ca nhng kim tra :

(1) iu kin mi trng ca phn xng dt, h thng iu khin v thi gian x l nha,(2) Qui trnh cng ngh v qu trnh cng ngh c lp trnh,(3) Chng loi, phng php ct, phn ph ln cc mi ni, chun b mp, s lng lp ct si thy tinh,(4) Chng loi, s lng, lng pha trn trong mt ln v qui trnh pha trn nha c dng.

5.1.7 iu kin mi trng ca phn xng dt

1 Trong qu trnh dt, nhit phi c gi thch hp vi nha c s dng. Tuy nhin, nhit phi khngthp hn 150C.

2 Trong qu trnh dt nn gi m khng thp hn 60%nhng khng cao hn 80%.

3 Phn xng dt phi c gng sch bi, vt v dng v khi c hi.

5.1.8 Lp nha ph

1 Nha ph phi c bc hoc phun u.

2 Chiu dy tiu chun ca lp nha ph phi bng khong 0,5 mi-l i -mt.

5.1.9 To hnh c cu

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C cu nn c to hnh theo mt khi vi lp thn tu trc khi x l. Tuy nhin, c cu c to hnh ringr c th c gn vi lp thn tu.

5.1.10 Lm sch bng ct

Nu mt ngoi ca lp FRP c nh bng ct th phi lu sao cho ct si thy tinh mt c nh bng

ct khng b h hi nng.

5.1.11 Mp ct ca lp

Mp ct ca lp, ca l t bu lng, v.v... phi c ph kn bng nha khng l ct si thy tinh.

5.1.12 Tho khun

1 Cng vic tho khun phi c tin hnh cn thn khng gy bin dng d v lm h hi cc lp thn tu.

2 Sau khi tho khun, cc lp thn tu phi c trn mt din tch rng sao cho chng ch chu ti trngphn b u.

5.2 To hnh bng phng php th cng

5.2.1 Mi ni cc ct si thy tinh

Cc ct si thy tinh phi c t sao cho c t mi ni nht. Phn ct si thy tinh ph ln mi ni phikhng nh hn 50 mi-l i -mt. Cc ng tm ca chng hai lp ct si thy tinh k tip phi cch nhau tnht l 100 mi-l i -mt.

5.2.2 Kh kh

Khi dt, sau khi ct si thy tinh c tm nha, cc bt khng kh trong nha phi c kh bng nhng

trc ln kh kh hoc nhng bn xoa cao su. Tuy nhin, nha khng nn b p qu ng v hm lng thytinh phi c gi thch hp.

5.2.3 Hm lng thy tinh

Khi dt, hm lng tiu chun ca thy tinh (t s trng lng) phi xp x bng 30% i vi tm si bm v50% i vi vi si th. Phi dt ng u trnh tha hoc thiu nha tng ch.Trng lng cht n ca vi si th phi bng t 25% n 65% ca tng trng lng thy tinh. Tuy nhin,nu dng ct si thy tinh c bit th trng lng phi c ng kim chp nhn.

5.2.4 Dt

Nu qu trnh dt b gin on, nh trng hp dt nhng tm v dy, v.v... th nha khng c parafin phic dng cho lp th nht ca cc lp tip theo c t ti din tch v phi thn trng khng lilp nha qu tha.

5.2.5 Dt lp sau cng

Khi dt lp sau cng phi c bin php hu hiu x l mt ngoi.

5.3 To hnh bng phng php phun

5.3.1 Thit b phun

1 Thit b phun phi c ng kim cng nhn.

2 Thit b phun phi l loi to c FRP c hm lng thy tinh, c tnh, v.v... ng u.

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3 Vic to hnh bng thit b phun phi do nhng ngi th to hnh c tay ngh thc hin.

5.3.2 To hnh cc c cu c bn

Nu phn tm si bm ca c cu c bn ca thn tu c to hnh bng phng php phun th phng php phi c ng kim xt duyt.

5.4 To hnh kt cu nhiu lp

5.4.1 Li

1 Nu li gm bt nha cng c ng tm bng inh th phi thn trng sao cho li khng b dp, b lch vkhng c nhng khuyt tt khc do ng inh. Gia cc li, khe h phi khng ln hn 1mi-l i -mt.

2 Nu g Balsa c dng lm li th phi thn trng Balsa c tm u vi nha. Khong cch gia cc lpBalsa phi khng ln hn 4 mi-l i -mt.

5.4.2 X l mt li

Trong to hnh kt cu nhiu lp, mt li phi c x l thch ng cho lp FRP c gn cht vi li.

5.5 Gn v ghp

5.5.1 Gn

1 Vic gn phi c thc hin sau khi chun b tt, nh mt gn phi c nh bng ct, c kh s chdu v bi ct.

2 Phi thn trng ct si thy tinh khng b ny ngc.

3 Phi thn trng khng c bin dng do pht nhit qu mc.

4 Phi thn trng bn khng b gin on cc lin kt.

5 Lin kt T v lin kt L phi c to hnh ti hin trng.

5.5.2 Ghp

1 Nu cc lp c lin kt vi nhau hoc nu cc chi tit kim lo i c gn vi cc lp th c th dng cccch ghp c kh. Trong trng hp ny, cc chi tit ghp nh bulng, inh tn, inh c, v.v... phi bng kimloi khng b nc bin n mn hoc phi c bo v chng han g tt.

2 Chi tit ghp c kh phi c gng t vung gc vi cc lp v l ghp phi c ph kn bng nha.

5.5.3 Bulng

1 Khong cch t tm l t bulng n mp ca lp phi khng nh hn ba ln ng knh l ca bulng.Khong cch gia cc l t bulng phi khng nh hn ba ln ng knh ca l.

2 Nu dng bulng th phi t vnh m ln mt lp.

5.5.4 Lin kt cc lp ca kt cu nhiu lp

Nu dng bulng, inh vt, inh tn, v.v... xuyn qua kt cu nhiu lp c li bng bt nha cng th g hocg dn kh phi c t xen vo cc phn li t trc.

5.5.5 Kt cu kn ncNu dng cc chi tit ghp c kh nh lin kt bulng, v.v... nhng ch cn phi kn nc th phi c binphp thch hp m bo tnh kn nc.

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5.6 Lin kt ghp

5.6.1 Lin kt ch T

1 Chiu rng cc phn chng ln ca lin kt ch T ca c cu phi theo qui nh Hnh 5.1.

2 Trong lin kt ch T ca kt cu nhiu lp, chiu dy tng cng ca lp trong v lp ngoi ca FRP c thc dng l chiu dy (t) m t Hnh 5.1.

3 Hnh dng dt ca lin kt ch T c m t Hnh 5.2 (a) v (b).

4 Vi cc c cu nh b my, vch, v.v... chu ti trng ln hoc b chn ng mnh, lin kt ca chng phic xem xt thn trng c cu c t ln nhng lp c chiu dy tng cng nh m t Hnh 5.3 (a).

5 Vi nhng c cu khng phi l c cu nu -4, ngha l vi nhng c cu khng chu ti trng c bit lnhoc chn ng mnh, khi lin kt chng vi cc c cu khc phi t xen bt nha hoc nhng vt liu tngt khc vo gia cc c cu v lp nh m t Hnh 5.3 (b) hoc cc gc phi c dt bng cch btnha mm hoc nhng vt liu tng t khc nh m t Hnh 5.3 (c).

5.6.2 Lin kt L

Lin kt L thng khng c dng trong cc c cu c bn. Tuy nhin, nu bt buc phi dng lin kt L vkh thc hin lin kt ch T th phi c bit quan tm n kt cu ca lin kt ny.

5.6.3 Lin kt gip mp

1 lp v khng c dng lin kt gip mp. Tuy nhin, trong sa cha, v.v..., nu phi dng lin kt cc bth lin kt phi c vt mp.

2 Trong lin kt gip mp cc lp boong, khng c dng cc lin kt khc ngoi cc lin kt vt mp kiuch V hoc kiu ch X.

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Tt'

t

T t

Khng nhhn 6thoc 4

mmly tr sno ln hn

0

t

Khng nhhn 8t

t l chiu dy ca lp chng mi ni nhng khng nh hn t/2

Hnh 5.1 Kch thc phn chng ca lin kt ch T

Khngnhhn

25mm

Khngnhhn

25mm

Khngnhhn

25mm

Bt nha dt theo gc ln

(a) ng nt lin l cc lp tm si bm, ng nt t l lp vi si th.(b) Cc lp vi si th khng trm ln nhau.(c) Lp th nht v lp sau cng phi l lp tm si bm.

Hnh 5.2 (a) Trng hp tm si bm v vi si thc dng lin kt

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Bt nha dt theo gc ln

Khngnh hn25 mm

Khngnh hn25 mm

Hnh 5.2 (b) Trng hp dng tm si bm

ch lin kt vi c cu

lp v c tng chiu dy

Hnh 5.3 (a)Trng hp c cu chu ti trnghoc chn ng

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Bt nha, v.v... c txen gia c cu v cc lp

Tm ph

Tm trong

Hnh 5.3 (b) Dng chu n ca lin kt ch T

Dt bng bt nha, v.v...

Hnh 5.3 (c) Dng chu n ca lin kt ch T

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Ch n g 6 bn d c

6.1 bn dc

6.1.1 M un chng un ca tit di n ngang thn t u

M un chng un tit din on gia ca thn tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

CL2Bw(Cb + 0,7) (cm

3)Trong :

C : H s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp phi khng nh hn 44.

0,4L + 36

Bw: Khong cch nm ngang t mt ngoi bn ny n mt ngoi bn kia ca lp v mn o ngnc ch hng thit k ln nht (m).

Cb: Th tch chim nc ng ch hng thit k ln nht chia cho LBwd.

6.1.2 M men qun tnh ca tit di n ngang

M men qun tnh ca tit din ngang on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

4,2ZL (cm4)Trong :

Z : M un chng un ca tit din ngang qui nh 6.1.1 (cm3).Tuy nhin, vi tu FRP c y n, nu L/D nh hn 12,0 th khng cn phi tnh m men qun tnh.

6.1.3 Tnh ton m un chng un ca tit di n ngang

Vic tnh ton m un chng un ca tit din ngang thn tu phi theo cc yu cu t (1) n (4) sau y :

(1) Cc c cu dc di boong tnh ton, lin tc trn o n di 0,5L gia tu phi c a vo tnh ton.Cc c cu dc pha trn boong tnh ton c coi l hu hiu i vi bn dc c th c a votnh ton.

(2) M un chng un ly i vi boong tnh ton bng m men qun tnh quanh trc trung ha nm ngangca tit din ngang chia cho khong cch thng ng t trc trung ha n mt trn ca x ngang boongtnh ton mn hoc n mt trn ca cc c cu dc pha trn boong tnh ton nu cc c cu ca vo tnh ton theo qui nh (1). M un chng un ly i vi y l m men qun tnh ni trn chia

cho khong cch thng ng t trc trung ha n im chn ca D, hoc n y ca ky nu ky c kt

cu kiu m.(3) G hoc g dn kt cu phi c a vo tnh ton bng cch nhn din tch tit din vi t s ca mun n hi ko ca vt liu tng ng trn m un n hi ko ca FRP.

(4) Nu li ca kt cu nhiu lp hoc li ca hnh to c a vo tnh ton bn dc th din tch titdin ca li nhn vi t s ca m un n hi ko ca li chia cho m un n hi ko ca FRP s

c a vo tnh ton. Nu c mi ni ca li 0,5L gia tu th nhng s liu v bn dc v v cc

mi ni phi c trnh cho ng kim xt duyt.

6.1.4 S lin tc ca bn dc

Cc c cu tham gia vo bn dc phi sao cho kt cu thn tu gi c tnh lin tc ca bn dc.

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Ch n g 7 l p v

7.1 Qui nh chung

7.1.1 Phm vi p dng

Cc kch thc ca lp v qui nh trong Chng ny c p dng cho lp v l kt cu mt lp hoc kt cunhiu lp.

7.2 Lp v gia y

7.2.1 Kt cu v kch thc

1 Lp v gia y phi c gng lin tc t mi tu n ui tu.

2 Chiu rng hoc chiu rng o theo mt y v chiu dy ca lp v gia y trn sut chiu di tu phikhng nh hn tr s tnh theo cc cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp chiu dy phi khngnh hn chiu dy ca lp v y k cn. Chiu rng hoc chiu rng o theo mt y khng cn phi ln hn

0,2B.

Chiu rng hoc chiu rng o theo mt y : 530 + 14,6L (mm)

Chiu dy : 9 + 0,4L (mm)

7.3 Lp v bao on gia tu

7.3.1 Lp mn l kt cu mt lp

Chiu dy ca lp mn l kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

15 0 026S d L+ , (mm)Trong :

S : Khong cch sn (m).

7.3.2 Lp y l kt cu mt lp

Chiu dy ca lp y l kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

15 8 0 026, ,S d L+ (mm)Trong :

S: Khong cch sn (m).

7.3.3 Lp v l kt cu nhiu lp

1 Tng chiu dy ca lp trong, lp ngoi v li ca kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cccng thc sau y ly tr s no ln hn :

C S d1 0 026( ,+ L) (mm)C tf2 (mm)

Trong :

tf : Chiu dy trong trng hp l kt cu mt lp qui nh 7.3.1 hoc 7.3.2 (mm).

S: Khong sn (m).

C1: H s tnh theo cng thc sau y:C

a

3

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a : bn ct ca kt cu nhiu lp xc nh bng th nghim qui nh 4.2.1 hoc 4.3.5-2 (7), -3(3) hoc -4 (4) (kg/mm2).

C2 v C3 : c cho Bng 7.1, vi cc tr s trung gian ca av bth C2 v C3 c xc nh theophp ni suy tuyn tnh.

Bng 7.1 Cc tr s ca C2 v C3

0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0

= 0,8 1,62 1,42 1,31 1,24 1,20 1,16 1,14 1,12 1,10

= 1,0 1,54 1,36 1,25 1,19 1,15 1,12 1,10 1,08 1,07

C3 2,18 2,26 2,33 2,40 2,46 2,52 2,57 2,62 2,67

C2

Trong : : Chiu dy ca lp ngoi hoc lp trong chia cho chiu dy no ln hn.

: Tng chiu dy ca lp ngoi v lp trong chia cho chiu dy ca li.

2 Mc d nhng yu cu -1, chiu dy tng ng ca lp trong v ca lp ngoi ca kt cu v nhiu lp phikhng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp chiu dy ny phi khngnh hn 2,4 mi-l i -mt:

3 6 0 02644 43, ( ,C S d L+ ) (mm)

Trong :

S: Khong cch sn (m).C4: H s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

Ct

E

Ec

c

f c

4

4

1 1=

Ef: M un n hi un ca lp trong hoc lp ngoi qui nh 1.3.4 (kg/mm2).

Ec : M un n hi nn ca li xc nh bng th nghim qui nh 4.2.1, 4.3.5-2 (2), -3 (2) hoc -4(1) (kg/mm2).

c : bn nn ca li xc nh bng th nghim qui nh 4.2.1, 4.3.5-2 (2), -3 (2) hoc -4(1)(kg/mm2).

tc : Chiu dy ca li (mm).

7.4 Lp v bao cc on mt

7.4.1 Chiu dy ca lp v bao cc on mt

1 Ra ngoi on gia tu, chiu dy ca lp v bao c kt cu mt lp c th gim dn. cc on mt, chiudy ny c th bng 0,85 chiu dy lp v bao on gia tu.

2 ngoi on gia tu, lp v bao c kt cu nhiu lp phi c cng kt cu nh on gia tu.

3 nhng vng chu ti trng cc b nh p sut chn vt, v.v... lp v bao phi c gia cng thch ng.

7.4.2 on y gia cng mi tu

on y gia cng mi tu l phn y phng pha trc ca v tr qui nh (1) hoc (2) sau y. yphng l y m dc o tit din ngang tng ng (xem Hnh 7.1) khng ln hn 15o.

(1) Nu V khng ln hn 1,5 : 0,25L tnh t mi tuL/(2) Nu V ln hn 1,5 : 0,3L tnh t mi tuL/

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Trong Vl tc thit k tnh bng h i l /gim tu c y trn c th t c vi cng sut lin tc lnnht trn nc tnh iu kin ti tng ng vi ng nc ch hng thit k ln nht (sau y trong Quiphm ny gi l "iu kin ton ti").

dc ca y

ng thng nm ngang i qua yca lp v y hoc giao im cang tm tu vi phn ko di cay ca lp v y

ng tm tu

Hnh 7.1 dc ca y

7.4.3 Lp v bao on y gia cng mi tu

1 Chiu dy lp v bao on y gia cng mi tu c kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theocng thc sau y :

CS L (mm)Trong :

C: H s c cho Bng 7.2. Vi cc tr s trung gian ca th C c tnh theo php ni suytuyn tnh.

Bng 7.2 Tr s ca C

1,0 1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8 2,0

C 5,36 5,98 6,37 6,62 6,75 6,81

S: Khong cch sn, khong cch cc sng hoc khong cch cc np dc ca v ly tr s no nhhn (m).

: Khong cch sn, khong cch cc sng hoc khong cch cc np dc ca v bao (m), ly tr sno ln hn chia cho S.

2 Chiu dy ca lp v bao on y gia cng mi tu kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo

cng thc 7.3.3-1. Tuy nhin, khi p dng cng thc ny, C3 c ly bng 1,8 l ntr s cho trong Bng 7.1

v tf l chiu dy ca lp v qui nh 7.3.3-1.

nhng tu FRP c chiu di nh hn 20 mtv Vnh hn 14 h i l /gihoc nhng tu FRP c ngkim coi l chiu chm mi, chiu dy qui nh -1 v -2 c th c gim thch ng.

7.5 Lp v bao mn ca thng tng

7.5.1 Chiu dy ca lp v

Lp v bao mn ca thng tng phi theo cc yu cu (1) v (2) sau y:

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(1) Chiu dy ca lp v bao mn ca thng tng 0,25L tnh t mi tu, chiu dy ca lp v bao mn cathng tng mi l hoc thng tng ui l phi khng nh hn chiu dy ca v bao mn ti vng .

(2) Chiu dy ca v bao mn ca nhng thng tng khng qui nh (1) c th bng 0,8 chiu dy ca lpv bao mn ti vng .

7.6 Gia cng cc b lp v bao

7.6.1 Gia cng lp v bao c l lun neo v lp v bao k cn

Lp v bao mn v cc lp v khc c nguy c tip xc vi neo v xch neo, v.v... phi c gia cng thchng.

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t c v n 6259 : 2003, Chng 8

Ch n g 8 bo o n g

8.1 Qui nh chung

8.1.1 p dng

1 Cc yu cu ca Chng ny c p dng cho kt cu v kch thc ca boong to hnh bng FRP. Nhngboong nh boong g, boong lm bng vt liu khng phi l FRP phi theo qui nh ca ng kim.

2 Kt cu v kch thc ca boong qui nh Chng ny c p dng cho boong c kt cu mt lp hocnhiu lp.

8.1.2 Tnh kn nc ca boong

Tr trng hp c ng kim chp nhn c bit, boong phi l kt cu kn nc.

8.1.3 Tnh lin tc ca boong

Nu boong trn thay i cao th s thay i phi c thc hin bng boong dc dn dn hoc cc ccu to thnh boong phi c ko di v c lin kt hu hiu vi nhau bng nhng bin php thch hp.

8.2 Chiu d y ti thi u ca boong

8.2.1 Chiu d y ca boong kt cu mt lp

1 Trong h thng kt cu dc, chiu dy ca lp boong trn on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theocng thc sau y:

15S h (mm)Trong :

S: Khong cch cc x dc (m);

h : c qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2).

2 Trong h thng kt cu ngang, chiu dy ca lp boong trn on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnhtheo cng thc sau y :

18 2, S h (mm)

Trong :

S: Khong cch cc x ngang (m);

h : c qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2).

3 Chiu dy ca lp boong trn ngoi on gia tu v chiu dy ca cc lp boong khc phi khng nh hntr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

13S h (mm)Trong :

S: Khong cch cc x dc hoc x ngang (m);

h : c qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2).

8.2.2 Chiu d y ca lp boong kt cu nhiu lp

1 Chiu dy tng cng ca lp trong, lp ngoi v li ca kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theocc cng thc sau y ly tr s no ln hn:

C1Sh (mm)

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C2tf (mm)

Trong :

S: Khong cch cc x dc hoc cc x ngang (m);

h : c qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2);tf : Chiu dy ca lp boong kt cu mt lp qui nh 8.2.1 (mm);C1 v C2 : Nh qui nh 7.3.3-1.

2 Cc chiu dy tng ng ca lp trong v lp ngoi ca boong kt cu nhiu lp, mc d cc yu cu -1,phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp, chiu dy phikhng nh hn 2,4 mi-l i -mt.

3 6 443, (C Sh) (mm)

Trong :

S: Khong cch cc x dc hoc x ngang (m).

h : Nh qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2).C4 : Nh qui nh 7.3.3-2.

8.2.3 T i tr ng boong h

1 Ti trng boong cha hng, v.v... c qui nh t (1) n (3) sau y:

(1) i vi boong cha hng ha v d tr, hphi bng 0,7 chiu cao ni boong o mn, tnh bng mt,

t boong n boong trc tip pha trn (t/m2) hoc bng trng lng hng trn mt n v din tchboong (t/m2), ly tr s no ln hn.

(2) Nu hng ha c cha boong thi tit th hphi bng trng lng hng ha trn mt n v din tch

boong (t/m2) hoc tr s qui nh -3, ly tr s no ln hn.(3) i vi boong cha loi hng ha rt nh, hc th c thay i thch hp.

2 Vi nhng boong ch dng cho sinh hot hoc boong ca khu vc hng hi v vi boong lu di, h c lybng 0,46 (t/m2).

3 Vi boong thi tit, hc qui nh (1) v (2) sau y:

(1) Vi boong thi tit, vng pha trc ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu:

0,051L + 0,46

(2) Vi boong thi tit, vng pha sau ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu:

0,027L + 0,46

8.3 Gia cng cc bboong

8.3.1 Gia cng cc bvcl khot ln

1 Chiu dy lp boong vng gc l khot ln phi c tng thch ng.

2 Gc l khot phi c ln trn thch hp.

8.3.2 Vtr cc l khot

Khong cch t mn tu hoc t mp ming khoang n l khot phi khng nh hn 1,5 ng knh l khot.Tuy nhin, nu khong cch ny cn phi c ly nh hn tr s th phi gia cng bi thng thch ng.

8.3.3 Nhng boong cnguy c bmn

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Nhng lp boong c nguy c b mn do ti trng nng, v.v... phi c bo v thch ng chng mn bngbin php tng chiu dy hoc c lp ph.

8.3.4 Boong chu t i tr ng n ng

Nhng phn boong chu ti trng nng nh my mc trn boong, v.v... phi c tng chiu dy hoc phi

c gia cng thch ng.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 9

Ch n g 9 s n

9.1 Qui nh chung

9.1.1 p dng

1 Nhng yu cu ca Chng ny c p dng cho kt cu v kch thc ca sn c to hnh bng FRP.

2 Vi nhng tu FRP c nhng khoang qu di hoc c ming khoang qu rng, cng ngang ca thn tuphi c tng thch ng bng cch tng kch thc ca sn hoc t nhng sn khe b sung.

9.1.2 Sn vng kt su

bn ca sn vng kt su phi khng km bn ca np vch kt su.

9.2 Kt cu

9.2.1 Kt cu ca sn

1 Sn phi c kt cu sao cho khng b mt n nh ngang.

2 Vi nhng tu c chiu di nh c th dng lp v bao mn c kt cu dng sng thay th cho kt cu snthng thng.

9.2.2 Li ca sn

1 G dng lm li ca sn phi rt kh, khng c mt. phi thn trng sao cho g bc trong FRP khng b

mc.2 Bt nha dng lm li phi l loi khng ht m.

9.3 Khong cch sn

9.3.1 Khong cch sn

1 Khong cch chun ca sn bng 500 mi-l i -mt.

2 pha trc ca 0,2L tnh t mi tu v ngn ui khong cch sn phi khng ln hn 500 mi-l i -mt.

9.3.2 Trng hp khong cch sn qu ln

Nu khong cch sn bng hoc ln hn 750 mi-l i -mt th phi c bit quan tm n kt cu v kch thcca cc kt cu c bn ca thn tu.

9.4 Sn

9.4.1 Kch thc ca sn ngang

1 M un chng un tit din ca sn ngang pha sau ca 0,15L tnh t mi tu phi khng nh hn tr stnh theo cng thc sau y:

32Shl2 (cm3)

Trong :S: Khong cch sn (m).

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l : Khong cch thng ng t mt trn lp y trn hoc t mt ngang ca y n mn n mt

trn ca x ngang boong, ti mn (m). Vi nhng sn pha sau ca 0,25L tnh t mi tu, l c

o gia tu.Vi nhng sn t 0,25L n 0,15L tnh t mi tu, l c o 0,25L tnh t mitu.

h : Khong cch thng ng t mt di ca l ch c o n im d+ 0,026L (m) cao hn im

chn ca D. Tuy nhin, nu khong cch nh hn 0,5D (m) th hc ly bng 0,5D (m).

2 M un chng un ca sn ngang pha trc ca 0,15L tnh t mi tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theocng thc sau y :

37,5Shl2 (cm3)Trong :

S, hv l: Nh c qui nh -1. Tuy nhin, l phi c o 0,15L tnh t mi tu.

9.4.2 Dm dc mn

1 M un chng un tit din ca dm dc mn di boong trn ti on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s

tnh theo cng thc sau y :

49Shl2 (cm3)Trong :

S: Khong cch cc dm dc (m).

h : Khong cch thng ng t dm dc n im d + 0,026L (m) cao hn im chn ca D (m).

Tuy nhin, nu khong cch nh hn 0,5D th hphi c ly bng 0,5D (m).

l : Khong cch gia cc vch ngang hoc khong cch gia cc sn khe, nu c, hoc khongcch t vch ngang n sn khe, k c chiu di ca cc lin kt mt (m).

2 Ra ngoi on gia tu, m un chng un tit din ca dm dc mn c th c gim dn v pha cc mt

tu v ti mt c th c ly bng 0,85 tr s tnh theo cng thc -1 trn. Tuy nhin, m un chng un titdin ca dm dc mn pha trc ca 0,15L tnh t mi tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc -1 trn.

9.4.3 Sn khe dm dc mn

Nu mn tu c kt cu theo h thng dc th sn khe dm dc mn phi c t cch nhau khngqu 2,4 mt. Tuy nhin, kt cu v kch thc ca sn khe phi c ng kim xem xt.

9.4.4 Kt cu kiu m

Ngoi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, kch thc ca sn khe kt cu theo kiu m phi tha mn cc yu

cu 1.3.5.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 10

Ch n g 10 kt c u y

10.1 Qui nh chung

10.1.1 p dng

1 Nhng yu cu trong Chng ny c p dng ch yu cho y n.

2 Nu y c kt cu tng phn hoc ton phn theo kt cu y i th y i phi theo cc yu cu 10.6,v thm vo , cc c cu y i phi c kt cu c bit thn trng.

10.2 Sng chnh

10.2.1 Kt cu v kch thc

1 Sng chnh phi c gng i sut t vch mi n vch ui.

2 Chiu dy ca tm thnh sng chnh phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, rangoi on gia tu, chiu dy ny c th gim dn v pha cc mt ca tu v o n mt ca tu chiu dyny c th bng 0,85 tr s yu cu on gia tu:

0,4L + 4,7 (mm)

3 Chiu rng v chiu dy ca tm mp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc tng ng sau y. Tuynhin, ra ngoi on gia tu, din tch tit din tm mp c th c gim dn v pha cc mt ca tu v cc on mt tu c th c ly bng 0,85 tr s on gia tu.

Chiu dy: 0,4L + 4,7 (mm)

Chiu rng: 4L + 30 (mm)

4 Tm thnh ca sng phi i ln n nh ca ngang y hoc sng ngang y.

5 Trong bung my chiu dy ca tm thnh v tm mp ca sng chnh phi khng nh hn 1,25 ln cc tr stng ng qui nh -2 v -3.

6 nhng tu m ky y kt cu theo kiu m c chiu cao, c th khng cn phi t sng chnh.

10.3 Sng ph

10.3.1 V tr cc sng ph

Nu chiu rng ca tu nh ngang y ln hn 4 mtth cc sng ph phi c b tr theo khong cchthch hp.

10.3.2 Kt cu v kch thc

1 Chiu dy tm thnh ca sng ph on gia tu phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuynhin, ra ngoi on gia tu, chiu dy ny c th gim dn v pha cc mt tu v on mt tu chiu dyny c th bng 0,85 tr s on gia tu.

0,3L + 3,5 (mm)

2 Chiu dy tm mp ca sng ph phi khng nh hn chiu dy tm thnh v chiu rng ca tm mp phi

khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, ra ngoi on gia tu, din tch tit din tmmp c th c gim dn v pha cc mt ca tu v cc on mt tu c th bng 0,8 din tch on giatu.

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3,2L + 24 (mm)

3 Chiu cao tit din ca sng ph ti cc mt ca sng phi i ln n nh ca ngang y hoc sng ngangy.

10.3.3 Sng ph trong bung my

Chiu dy ca tm thnh v tm mp ca sng ph trong bung my phi khng nh hn chiu dy tm thnhv tm mp sng chnh tng ng qui nh 10.2.1-2 v -3.

10.4 ngang y

10.4.1 V tr v kch thc

1 Nu y c kt cu theo h thng ngang th ngang y phi c t mi mt sn v kch thc ca ngang y phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp chiudy ca tm ngang y phi khng nh hn 4 mi-l i -mt.

Chiu cao tit din ngang y ng tm tu : 62,5b (mm)Trong :

b: Khong cch nm ngang gia cc mt ngoi ca lp v bao mn o mt trn ca ngang y

(m).

Chiu dy ca tm ngang y: 0,4L (mm)

2 Ra ngoi on 0,5L gia tu chiu dy ca tm ngang y c th c gim dn v pha cc mt tu v on mt ca tu c th cn bng 0,9 chiu dy qui nh -1 trn. Tuy nhin, ngang y on y giacng mi tu phi theo cc yu cu 10.7.2.

3 Cc ngang y di my chnh v chn phi c chiu cao v phi c kt cu c bit vng chc.

Chiu dy phi khng nh hn chiu dy tm thnh sng chnh tnh theo cng thc 10.2.1-2.

10.4.2 M un chng un tit din ca ngang y

1 Chiu dy ca tm mp cnh trn ca ngang y phi khng nh hn chiu dy tm thnh ti ch ca ngang y.

2 M un chng un tit din ca ngang y phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

15,4SDb2 (cm3)

Trong :

S: Khong cch cc ngang y (m).

b: Nh qui nh 10.4.1-1.

3 M un chng un tit din ca ngang y di b my chnh phi khng nh hn 1,5 tr s qui nh -2trn.

10.4.3 ngang to thnh mt phn ca vch

Tm ngang to thnh mt phn ca vch, cng vi nhng qui nh Chng ny, phi theo cc yu cu ivi vch kn nc qui nh Chng 13 v i vi kt su qui nh Chng 14.

10.5 Dm dc y

10.5.1 Kt cu

Dm dc y phi i lin tc qua ngang y hoc phi lin kt vi ngang y sao cho c bnchng un v chng ko.

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10.5.2 Khong cch gia cc dm dc y

Khong cch chun gia cc dm dc y bng 500 mi-l i -mt.

10.5.3 M un chng un tit din ca dm dc y

M un chng un tit din ca dm dc y phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

55,6Shl2 (cm3)

Trong :

l: Khong cch gia cc sng ngang y (m).

S: Khong cch gia cc dm dc y (m).

h: Khong cch t dm dc y dn im d+ 0,026L (m) cao hn im chn ca D (m). Tuy

nhin, nu khong cch nh hn 0,5D (m) th hc ly bng 0,5D (m).

10.5.4 Sng ngang y dm dc y

Nu y c kt cu theo h thng dc th sng ngang y dm dc y phi c t theo khong cchkhng ln hn 2,4 mt. Sng ngang y phi c t theo mi sn khe v phi c kch thc khng nhhn qui nh 10.4.1 v 10.4.2.

10.6 y i

10.6.1 Qui nh chung

1 Nu y c kt cu tng phn hoc kt cu ton phn theo kt cu y i th kch thc ca cc c cuphi theo yu cu t10.6.2 n 10.6.6.

2 Lp y di ng o phi c tng chiu dy hoc phi c bo v bng cc bin php thch hp chng hhi do thanh o gy ra.

3 Chiu dy ca cc ngang y v sng y kn nc, kch thc ca cc np gia cng ngoi phi theo ccyu cu tng ng i vi ngang y v sng y, ngoi ra cn phi theo cc yu cu i vi kt su quinh Chng 14.

4 Cc ngn cch ly kn du phi c t y i, gia cc kt cha du v kt nc ngt dng cho sinh hot,ni hi, v.v... c th gy tc hi khi b ln du.

10.6.2 Sng chnh

1 Tm thnh ca sng chnh phi c gng i sut chiu di ca y.

2 Chiu dy tm thnh ca sng chnh phi theo cc yu cu 10.2.1.

10.6.3 Sng ph

1 Nu chiu rng ca tu nh ca ngang y ln hn 4 mt th sng ph phi c t theo cc khongcch thch hp.

2 Chiu dy ca tm thnh sng ph phi theo cc yu cu 10.3.2.

10.6.4 ngang y

1 ngang y phi c t mi mt sn.

2 Kch thc ca ngang y phi theo cc yu cu 10.4.1.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 10

3 Nu ngang y c kt cu mt lp th np gia cng ngang y phi c t theo cc khong cchthch hp.

4 Vi ngang to thnh phn di ca vch, cng vi cc yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo cc yu cu ivch kn nc qui nh Chng 13.

10.6.5 Lp y trn

1 Chiu dy ca lp y trn phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

11,5S d (mm)

Trong :

S : Khong cch gia cc ngang y (m).

2 Lp y trn phi c lin kt cng vi lp v bao mn v lp vch, v.v...

10.6.6 Dm dc y

1 Kt cu, kch thc v khong cch ca cc dm dc y phi theo cc yu cu 10.5.1, 10.5.2, 10.5.3 v10.8.

2 Kt cu v kch thc dm dc y trn phi theo qui nh ca ng kim.

10.7 Kt cu ca on y gia cng mi tu

10.7.1 Phm vi gia cng

on y gia cng mi tu l on qui nh 7.4.2.

10.7.2 Kch thc v kt cu

Kch thc ca ngang y, dm dc y, sng ph v sng chnh o n y gia cng mi tu phi ctng cng thch ng.

10.8 Kt cu kiu m

10.8.1 Kt cu v kch thc

1 Chiu dy mt bn ca tm thnh ca sng chnh, sng ph v ngang y kt cu kiu m phi khngnh hn 0,7 tr s tng ng qui nh 10.2.1-2, 10.3.2-1 v 10.4.1.

2 Din tch tit din tm mp trn ca sng chnh v sng ph kt cu kiu m phi khng nh hn tch cachiu rng vi chiu dy ca tm mp qui nh tng ng 10.2.1-3 v 10.3.2-2.

3 M un chng un tit din ca ngang y v dm dc y kt cu kiu m phi khng nh hn cc tr stng ng qui nh 10.4.2 v 10.5.3.

4 Kch thc ca cc c cu ca kt cu kiu m, cng vi cc yu cu t-1 n -3 trn y, phi theo cc yucu 1.3.5.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 11

Ch n g 11 x bo o n g

11.1 X boong

11.1.1 V tr ca x ngang boong

X ngang boong phi c t mi mt sn.

11.1.2 cong ngang ca boong thi tit

cong ngang ca boong thi tit nn bng B/50.

11.1.3 M un chng un tit din ca x ngang boong

M un chng un tit din ca x ngang boong phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

CShl2

(cm3

)Trong :

l : Khong cch nm ngang t nh trong ca m x n ta gn nht ca boong hoc gia cc taln cn nhau ca x boong (m). Tr cc x on mt tu, nu x boong trn lnh hn 0,25Bth lc ly bng 0,25B. Nu cc x boong ca cc on mt ca boong trn hoc cc x boongthng tng, lnh hn 0,2Bth lc ly bng 0,2B.

S : Khong cch gia cc x boong (m).C: H s c cho di y:

X dc boong

(a) on gia tu: 33

(b) cc ch khc: 28X ngang boong: 28h: Nh qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2). Tuy nhin, nu tr s ly theo qui nh 8.2.3-3 th hc qui nh nh

sau:

(a) pha trc ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,033L + 0,46 (t/m2)

(b) pha sau ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,016L + 0,46 (t/m2)

11.1.4 Lin kt mt

X boong v sn phi c lin kt vi nhau bng m. Chiu di cnh m phi khng nh hn 1/8 ca lquinh 9.4.1.

11.1.5 X ca boong to thnh nc kt su

Cng vi cc yu cu ca Chng ny, kch thc ca x t boong to thnh nc kt su phi theo cc yucu i vi kt su, coi boong nh l vch ca kt su.

11.1.6 X ca boong chu ti trng c bit nng

X ca boong chu ti trng c bit nng nh my mc trn boong, v.v... phi c gia cng thch ng.

11.1.7 X ngang boong khe x dc boong

Nu boong c kt cu theo h thng dc th x ngang khe x dc boong phi c t cch nhau

khong 2,4 mt. Trong trng hp ny kch thc v kt cu ca x ngang boong khe phi theo qui nh cang kim.

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11.1.8 Kt cu kiu m

Cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, kch thc ca x boong kt cu kiu m phi theo cc yu cu 1.3.5.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 12

Ch n g 12 s n g d c d i bo o n g v c t

12.1 Sng dc di boong

12.1.1 Vtr

1 nhng ch m x boong cn c phi t nhng sng dc di boong hoc nhng kt cu tng ngtheo yu cu ca Chng ny.

2 Nu cn th sng dc di boong, v.v... phi c t di cc ct c, ct cu, my mc trn boong v cc titrng nng tp trung khc.

12.1.2 Kt cu ca sng

Sng dc di boong phi c chiu cao tit din khng i trn sut on gia cc vch v phi c cng

chng un.

12.1.3 M un chng un tit di n ca sng

M un chng un tit din ca sng dc di boong phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

Cbhl2 (cm3)

Trong :

b: Khong cch gia cc trung im ca cc khong cch t sng n cc sng ln cn hoc n nhtrong ca m (m). (xem Hnh 12.1)

Trung im gia sng diboong v nh trong ca m

b

Boong mn kh

Vch

tnh ct chng l0 tnh ct chng

l tnh sng di boongl tnh sng di boong

Boong mn kh

Mt y i

Hnh 12.1 o b, l, Sv l0

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l: Khong cch gia cc ta ca sng (m). (xem Hnh 12.1)h: Nh qui nh 8.2.3 (t/m2). Tuy nhin, nu hphi theo cc yu cu 8.2.3-3 th hc tnh theo

(a) v (b) sau y:

(a) pha trc ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,13L + 0,46

(b) pha sau ca 0,3L tnh t mi tu: 0,11L + 0,46

C: H s c cho di y:

(a) on gia tu: 42(b) nhng ch khc: 33

12.1.4 v lin kt m t

1 Cc mt ca sng di boong phi c bi cc np vch. Cc np phi c gia cng thch ng.

2 Nu hai sng dc di boong k tip nhau hoc mt sng dc di boong v mt vch dc khng theo mtng thng vng ca vch ngang, v.v... th cc kt cu phi c ko di ra khi vch ngang, v.v... mt

on di t nht l bng mt khong sn.

12.1.5 Kt cu ki u m

Kch thc ca sng dc di boong kt cu kiu m, cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo ccyu cu 1.3.5.

12.2 Ct

12.2.1 p dng

Ct x boong phi theo nhng yu cu ca Chng ny.

12.2.2 Ct di t i tr ng t p tr ung, v.v...

Nhng c bit to bi ct hoc cc c cu thch hp khc phi c b tr cc mt v gc lu, trongbung my, ti cc mt ca thng tng v di cc ti trng tp trung nng.

12.2.3 Di n tch tit di n ct

1 Din tch tit din ct thp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

2 19

2 720

0

,

,

Sbh

l

k

(cm2)

Trong :S : Khong cch gia cc trung im ca cc vng t ct n cc ct ln cn hoc n vch ( m). (xem

Hnh 12.1)b: Khong cch gia cc trung im ca cc vng t ct n cc ct ln cn hoc n nh trong ca

m (m). (xem Hnh 12.1)h: Nh qui nh 12.1.3.l0 : Khong cch t chn ct n mt di ca sng hoc x boong bi ct (m). (xem Hnh 12.1)k0 : Tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

I

A

I : M men qun tnh ti thiu ca tit din ct (cm4).

A : Din tch tit din ct (cm2).

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2 Din tch tit din ct g phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

0

051,1

94,12

k

l

Sbh

(cm2)

Trong :S, b, h, l0 v k0 : Nh qui nh -1 trn y.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 13

Ch n g 13 v c h k n n c

13.1 Vtr vch kn nc

13.1.1 Vch chng va

Tu FRP phi c vch chng va t trong on t 0,05L (m) n 0,13L (m) tnh t cnh trc ca sng mitrn ng trng ti.

13.1.2 Vch ui

1 Cc tu FRP phi c vch ui t v tr thch hp.

2 ng trc ui phi c t trong ngn kn nc to bi vch ui hoc nhng kt cu thch hp khc.

13.1.3 Vch bung my

Vch kn nc phi c t hai u ca bung my.

13.1.4 Chiu cao ca vch kn nc

Cc vch kn nc qui nh t13.1.1 n 13.1.3 phi i ln t nht l n boong trn tr cc vch qui nh t (1) n (3) sau y:

(1) Vch kn nc vng thng tng ui l hoc thng tng mi l phi i ln n boong thng tng uil hoc thng tng mi l.

(2) Nu thng tng mi c l khot khng c thit b ng, dn vo khng gian di boong mn kh hoc

nu thng tng mi di c chiu di khng nh hn 0,25L th vch mi phi i ln n boong thngtng. Trong trng hp ny, phn ko di c th c bc trong phm vi khong cch qui nh 13.1.1 v cth l kn nc.

(3) Nu boong di boong trn nhng trn ng trng ti c ko di t vch ui n ui tu v ckt cu kn nc th vch ui c th c kt thc boong . Tuy nhin, trong trng hp ny bnngang v cng ngang ca thn tu phi c m bo bng nhng sn khe hoc phn vch i ln nboong trn t ngay trn hoc ln cn vi vch ui.

13.1.5 H m xch

1 Nu hm xch c t pha sau vch mi hoc khoang mi th hm xch phi kn nc v phi c bmtiu nc.

2 Hm xch phi c vch ngn mt phng dc tm.

13.2 Kt cu ca vch kn nc

13.2.1 Chiu d y ca lp vch kt cu mt lp

Chiu dy ca lp vch kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

12S h (mm)Trong :

S: Khong cch np (m).

h: Khong cch thng ng t cnh di ca lp vch n mt trn ca lp boong trn o ngtm tu (m). Tuy nhin, vi vch mi tr s ni trn phi c nhn vi 1,25.

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13.2.2 Chiu d y ca vch kt cu nhiu lp

1 Tng chiu dy ca cc lp trong, lp ngoi v li ca vch kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnhtheo cc cng thc sau y, ly tr s no ln hn :

C1Sh (mm)

C2tf (mm)Trong :

tf : Chiu dy qui nh 13.2.1 cho trng hp kt cu mt lp (mm).h: Nh qui nh 13.2.1 (m).S: Khong cch np (mm).

C1 v C2 : Nh qui nh 7.3.3-1.

2 Mc d nhng qui nh -1, cc chiu dy tng ng ca lp trong lp ngoi ca vch kt cu nhiu lp phikhng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Tuy nhin, trong mi trng hp, chiu dy ny phi khngnh hn 2,4 mi-l i -mt.

3 64

43, (C Sh) (mm)

Trong :

S : Khong cch np (m).

h : Nh qui nh 13.2.1 (mm).C4: Nh qui nh 7.3.3-2.

13.2.3 Lp vch bng g dn kt cu

Nu g dn kt cu c dng lm tm vch th chiu dy g dn phi khng nh hn tr s yu cu 13.2.1nhn vi h s cho 1.3.4-2 (1). Tuy nhin, B c ly bng gii hn bn un (kg/mm

2) ca g dn.

13.2.4 Np vchM un chng un tit din ca np vch phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

CShl2 (cm3)Trong :

l : Tng chiu di gia cc ln cn ca np (m) k c chiu di ca lin kt mt. Tuy nhin, nu c

t sng th l l khong cch t chn ca lin kt mt n chic sng gn nht hoc khong cchgia cc sng.

h: 0,8 khong cch thng ng t trung im ca ln mt trn ca lp boong trn ng tm tucng 1,2 (m). Tuy nhin, vi vch chng va th tr s ni trn phi c nhn vi 1,25.

S : Khong cch np (m).

C: H s c cho di y:(a) Nu c hai mt ca np c gn m: 20(b) Nu cc mt np c xn vt: 30

13.2.5 Sng np vch

Tm thnh ca sng np vch phi c lin kt vi lp vch v m un chng un tit din ca sng phikhng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y:

34Shl2 (cm3)Trong :

l : Tng chiu di ca sng k c chiu di ca cc lin kt mt (m).S : Chiu rng ca din tch c bi sng (m).

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h : 0,8 khong cch thng ng t trung im ca Sn mt trn ca lp boong trn ng tm tucng 1,2 (m). Tuy nhin, vi vch mi th tr s ni trn phi c nhn vi 1,25.

13.2.6 Kt cu ki u m

Kch thc ca np vch v sng vch kt cu kiu m, cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theoyu cu 1.3.5.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 14

Ch n g 14 kt s u

14.1 Qui nh chung

14.1.1 nh ngha

Kt su (deep tank) l kt dng cha nc, du t hoc cc cht lng khc to thnh mt phn ca thn tu trong khoang hoc trong ni boong. Nu cn th kt su dng cha du c gi l "kt su cha du".

14.1.2 Ni t

Cc b phn bng kim loi, ng ng, v.v... trong kt phi c ni t.

14.1.3 Phm vi p dng

1 Kt cu ca cc vch ngn kn nc, kt trong khoang ui, kt su trong khoang v gia cc boong, tr cckt su cha du c im bc chy thp hn 600C phi theo cc yu cu ca Chng ny. Nhng phn ngthi dng lm vch kn nc phi theo cc yu cu i vi vch kn nc.

2 Kt cu ca kt su cha du c im bc chy thp hn 60oC phi theo qui nh ring ca ng kim.

14.1.4 Vch ngn trong kt

1 Kt su phi c kch thc va phi v phi c vch ngn dc tha mn yu cu v n nh trong iu kinkhai thc v trong qu trnh nhn v tr hng.

2 Kt nc ngt, kt du t v cc kt khc khng cha y trong iu kin khai thc phi c vch ngn bsung hoc vch lng cn thit gim lc ng tc ng vo kt cu.

3 Nu khng th tha mn cc yu cu -2 th kch thc kt cu qui nh Chng ny phi c tng thchng.

14.1.5 Tnh kn nc ca kt

Sn v x boong khng c xuyn qua nc v vch ca kt su.

14.2 Cc lp ca tm vch kt su

14.2.1 Chiu dy ca vch kt cu mt lp

Chiu dy ca vch kt cu mt lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

13S h (mm)Trong :

S : Khong cch np (m).h : Khong cch thng ng t cnh di ca lp vch n trung im ca chiu cao t nh ng trn

n nc kt (m).

14.2.2 Chiu dy ca vch kt cu nhiu lp

1 Tng chiu dy ca lp trong, lp ngoi v li ca vch kt cu nhiu lp phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theocng thc sau y, ly tr s no ln hn :

C1Sh (mm)

C2tf (mm)

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Trong :

tf : Chiu dy qui nh 14.2.1 cho trng hp mt lp (mm).

S: Khong cch np (m).

h: Nh qui nh 14.2.1 (m).

C1 v C2 : Nh qui nh 7.3.3-1.

2 Cc chiu dy tng ng ca lp trong v lp ngoi ca vch kt cu nhiu lp, mc d nhng yu cu -1,phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y. Trong mi trng hp chiu dy ny phi khng nhhn 2,4 mi-l i -mt.

3 6 443, ( )C Sh (mm)

Trong :

S : Khong cch np (m).h : Nh qui nh 14.2.1 (m).

C4:Nh qui nh 7.3.3-2.

14.2.3 Vch bng g dn kt cu

Nu g dn kt cu c dng lm vch th chiu dy ca g dn phi khng nh hn tr s qui nh theo yu

cu 14.2.1 nhn vi h s c cho 1.3.4-2 (1). Tuy nhin, B c ly bng gii hn bn un (kg/mm2)

ca g dn.

14.2.4 Np vch

M un chng un tit din ca np vch phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sau y :

CShl2 (cm3)Trong :

Sv l: Nh qui nh 13.2.4.h: Khong cch thng ng t trung im ca l n trung im ca chiu cao t nh ng trn n

nc kt (m).

C: H s dc cho nh sau :(a) Nu c hai mt np c gn m : 28(b) Nu cc mt np c xn vt : 42

14.2.5 Sng np vch

M un chng un tit din ca sng sn v np vch phi khng nh hn tr s tnh theo cng thc sauy :

42Shl2

(cm3

)Trong :

l : Tng chiu di ca sng k c chiu di ca lin kt mt (m).

S : Chiu rng ca din tch m sng phi (m).

h : Khong cch thng ng t trung im ca Sn trung im ca chiu cao t nh ng trn nnc kt (m).

14.2.6 Kt cu kiu m

Kch thc ca np vch v sng vch kt cu kiu m, cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theoyu cu 1.3.5.

14.2.7 Kt cu to thnh nc v y ca kt su

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Kch thc ca kt cu to thnh nc v y ca kt su phi theo cc yu cu ca Chng ny, coi kt cunh l vch ca kt su ti v tr . Trong mi trng hp, cc kt cu phi khng nh hn yu cu i vilp boong, v.v... ti v tr .

14.3 Nhng qui nh i vi kt su

14.3.1 L thot nc v l thng kh

Trong kt su, cc l thot nc v l thng kh phi c khot cc c cu m bo cho nc v khngkh khng b t bt c ch no trong kt.

14.3.2 Ngn cch ly, v.v...

1 Ngn cch ly kn du phi c t gia cc kt cha du v kt cha nc ngt nh nc sinh hot, nc nihi, v.v..., c th gy tc hi khi b ln du.

2 Khu vc thuyn vin v khu vc hnh khch khng c k trc tip vi kt du t. Cc khu vc phic cch bit vi cc kt du t bng cc ngn cch ly c thng gi tt v c th tip cn c. Nu ncca kt du t khng c l khot v c ph bng cht ph khng chy c chiu dy bng v ln hn 38 mi-l i -mtth c th khng cn t ngn cch ly gia cc khu vc v nc kt du t.

3 Lp lt phi c t bn pha khoang hng ca vch ngn chia kt su cha du vi khoang hng, l i mtkhe h thch ng gia vch v lp lt. Phi c rnh i dc theo vch.

4 Nu bin ca kt du c gn thm nhng phn cn phi kn du th khng cn phi t lp lt qui nh -3, tr trng hp c yu cu c bit.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 15

Ch ng 15 bu ng my

15.1 Qui nh chung

15.1.1 p dng

Kt cu ca bung my, cng vi cc yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo yu cu ca cc chng c lin quan.

15.1.2 Gia cng

Bung my phi c sn khe, x boong khe, ct t tha, v.v... hoc phi c gia cng bng cc binphp thch hp khc.

15.1.3 Kt cu my v h trc

My v h trc phi c hu hiu v cc kt cu ln cn phi c gia cng thch ng.

15.1.4 Phng tin thot nn

Trong bung my chnh phi c t nht l mt li thot nn gm mt ca t vch quy ming bung myv cu thang bng thp dn ln ca.

15.2 Kt cu di my chnh

15.2.1 Kt cu di my chnh

1 Sng t my chnh phi c chiu di nh b my, c hnh dng khng thay i t ngt, khng b gin

on.

2 Sng phi c chc chn bng sn v m m bo bn v cng ngang.

3 Nu my chnh c lc qun tnh khng cn bng hoc m men qun tnh khng cn bng ln th bn v cng ca cc sng phi ln.

4 Bulng c nh my phi c thn di v phi c bin php hu hiu trnh tho lng.

5 Nu my chu lc kch thch ln do lc y ngang ca pt tng th lin kt ca sng vi sn v m phi cng,trnh cng hng dao ng theo phng nm ngang.

6 Tm thnh ca sng c th c kt cu bng g t xen vi FRP tng cng chng nn hoc un. Trong

trng hp ny, FRP vi g v g vi lp v y phi c lin kt chc chn.7 Lin kt ca sng vi lp bao y, sn v m, cng nh lin kt tng h ca chng phi l lin kt ch T

dng vi si th rng, lin kt phi c chiu rng. Trong trng hp ny, phng ca vi si th phikhng xin so vi ng lin kt.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 16

Ch n g 16 t h n g t n g v l u

16.1 Qui nh chung

16.1.1 Phm vi p dng

1 Kt cu v kch thc c cu ca thng tng v lu, cng vi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo yucu ca cc chng c lin quan.

2 Vi nhng tu FRP c mn kh ln, cc yu cu ca Chng ny c th c thay i thch ng v phi cng kim xt duyt.

16.2 Kt cu, v.v...

16.2.1 Kch thc c cu ca vch mt v cc vch bnChiu dy ca tm v kch thc np ca vch mt thng tng v vch bn ca lu phi khng nh hn tr s

cho Bng 16.1. Nu khong cch np Ssai khc vi 500 mi-l i -mt th chiu dy ca tm v m un chng

un tit din ca np phi khng nh hn tr s cho trong Bng 16.1 nhn vi S/500.

Bng 16.1 Chiu dy tm v kch thc np ca vch

mt thng tng v vch bin ca lu

L (m) Vch trc Vch bn v vch sau

Ln hn Khng lnhn Chiu dy cavch (mm) M un chng untit din ca np (cm3) Chiu dy cavch (mm) M un chng un titdin ca np (cm3)

152024273033

15202427303335

5,05,55,56,56,56,57,0

35404756678297

4,04,04,05,05,05,05,5

20202428333742

16.2.2 Cc phng tin ng ca v chiu cao ca ngng ca

1 Cnh ca ca cc l khot vch mt ca thng tng kn v ca lu bo v hnh lang dn xung cc khnggian di boong mn kh hoc khng gian trong thng tng kn phi theo cc yu cu t (1) n (5) sau y :

(1) Cnh ca phi c gn thng xuyn v chc chn vo vch.(2) Cnh ca phi l kt cu cng, c bn tng ng vi bn ca vch nguyn vn v phi kn nc

khi ng.(3) Cc phng tin m bo kn nc phi gm vnh m, then ci hoc cc chi tit tng ng gn c nh

vo vch hoc cnh ca.(4) C th thao tc cnh ca t c hai bn ca vch.(5) Cnh ca bn l phi c m ra pha ngoi.

2 Chiu cao ngng ca cc ca qui nh -1 t nht phi bng 380 mi-l i -mt tnh t mt trn ca boong.

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 17

Ch n g 17 mi n g k ho a n g , mi n g bu n g my v c c

mi n g k h o t k h c bo o n g

17.1 Qui nh chung

17.1.1 Phm p dng

1 Nhng yu cu ca Chng ny c p dng cho cc tu FRP khng phi l tu qui nh 20.1.1-1.

2 Tu FRP nu 20.1.1-1 phi theo cc yu cu Chng 18 Phn 2A ca Qui phm ng tu v thp.

17.2 Ming khoang

17.2.1 Chiu cao ca thnh ming khoang

1 Chiu cao ca thnh ming khoang tnh t mt trn ca lp boong phi khng nh hn tr s cho Bng 17.1.

Bng 17.1 Chiu cao ca thnh ming khoang

V tr ca ming khoang L 20 m 20 m

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t c v n 6282 : 2003, Chng 17

Ming bung my phi c gng nh v phi c vch quy.

17.3.2 Vch quy ming bung my phn l

1 Ming bung my l boong trn v boong thng tng phi theo cc yu cu (1) v (2) sau y :

(1) Chiu dy ca vch quy v m un chng un tit din ca np vch quy phi tng ng vi chiudy v m un chng un tit din ca np ca vch bn ca lu qui nh 16.2.1.(2) Chiu dy lp trn cng ca vch quy v m un chng un tit din ca np phi tng ng khng

nh hn 4,0 mi-l i -mtv 24 cm3.

2 Tr trng hp c bit, chiu cao ca vch quy phi khng nh hn chiu cao ca mn chn sng.

3 Nu ca c t phn l ca vch quy ming bung my th ca phi c gng c t vng cbo v v phi theo cc yu cu 16.2.2-1, v chiu cao ngng ca tnh t mt trn ca lp boong t nhtphi bng 380 mi-l i -mt.

17.3.3 Vch quy ming bung my t vng kn

Nu ca c t vch quy ming bung my th ca phi bn.

17.3.4 V tr thit b

Ca ly nh sng t lp trn cng ca vch quy ming bung my phi c kt cu vng chc. Thnh quyng khi v ng thng gi phi c gng cao hn lp boong thi tit n mc c th.

17.4 L khot chi boong v cc boong khc

17.4.1 L chui v l khot boong phng

L chui v l khot boong phng phn l ca boong mn kh v boong thng tng hoc trong thngtng khng phi l thng tng kn phi c ng bng np vng chc c kh nng gi kn nc.

17.4.2 Ca boong

1 Ca boong boong mn kh phi c bo v bng thng tng kn, lu trn boong hay chi boong c bnv tnh kn thi tit nh ca thng tng kn.

2 Ca boong boong thng tng l v boong lu trn boong mn kh dn vo khng gian di boong mnkh hoc khng gian trong thng tng kn phi c bo v hu hiu bng lu hoc chi boong.

3 Ca vo lu hoc chi boong nu -1 v -2 trn y phi c cnh ca theo yu cu 16.2.2-1. Chiu caoca ngng ca tnh t mt trn ca lp boong t nht phi bng 380 mi-l i -mt.

17.4.3 L khot khng gian hng ha

Cc ca vo v cc l khot khc i vo khu vc hng ha phi c cc phng tin ng c th thao tct pha ngoi ca khu vc trong trng hp c ha hon.

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Chng 18 Mn chn sng, lan can, h thng thot nc, l khot mn, ca s mn, l thng gi v cu boong

18.1 Qui nh chung

18.1.1 Qui nh chung

1 Cc tu FRP nu 20.1.1-1 phi theo cc yu cu Chng 21Phn 2A, Qui phm ng tu v thp.

2 nhng tu FRP khng phi l tu nu -1 trn y, vic b tr v kt cu phi tho mn yu cu ca ngkim.

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Ch n g 19 h t h n g my t u

19.1 Qui nh chung

19.1.1 Phm vi p dng

H truyn ng chnh, h truyn cng sut, h trc, bnh chu p lc, cc my ph, h thng ng ng vtrang b in, ngoi nhng yu cu ca Chng ny, phi theo yu cu trong cc Chng c lin quan ca Quiphm ng tu v thp.

19.2 Lp t my chnh, kt du t v ni t

19.2.1 Lp t my chnh

1 My chnh, tr nhng my c cng sut nh, phi c t trn sng y thng qua b my bng thp c bn v cng.

2 Nu my c lc qun tnh khng cn bng hoc m men qun tnh khng cn bng ln hoc phi chu nhnglc kch thch ln do pt tng th b my bng thp phi c chiu di cho my, cc b my hai bn phic lin kt vi nhau hoc b my phi c kt cu vng chc.

3 Nu nhit b my chnh hoc nhit tip xc vi sng FRP t ti tr s c th gy nh hng xu ntnh ro ca FRP trong iu kin hot ng bnh thng th gia b my v sng FRP phi c cch ly huhiu.

4 Khi t my chnh hoc b my chnh ln sng FRP phi quan tm sao cho khng pht sinh bin dng ro dotrng lng my v lc xit bu lng gy ra.

19.2.2 Kt du t

B mt ca cc kt du t lm bng FRP l ra cc khng gian nh bung my chnh, v.v... c th hay b nungnng do la phi c bin php thch ng lm chm lan truyn la hoc chu la. Nu l my dng xng thkt nhin liu phi bng kim loi.

19.2.3 Bin php ni t

1 Cht ph nhng kt cu bng kim loi, my mc v thit b c nguy c nhim in do tnh in hoc cm ngin t phi c ni t hu hiu, tr trng hp khng gy tc hi cho ngi khi tip xc trc tip.

2 Kt du t v ng ng bng kim loi phi c ni t hu hiu. Nu dng kt du t bng FRP th ccb phn kim loi ca van, np l chui, v.v... t kt v ng ng du t phi c tip in tt v phic ni t.

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Chng 20 mn kh

20.1 Qui nh chung

20.1.1 Phm vi p dng

1 Mn kh ca tu FRP c chiu di L f bng v ln hn 24 mt phi theo yu cu ca Phn 11 Mn kh ca

Qui phm ng tu v thp.

2 Mc d nhng qui nh -1 trn y, mn kh ca cc tu FRP qui nh t (1) n (3) sau y phi thamn yu cu ca ng kim:

(1) Tu FRP khng chy tuyn quc t;(2) Tu gii tr khng tham gia thng mi;(3) Tu nh c.

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v ietn a m sta n da r ds tc v n 6282 : 2003

Rul es f o r the Sur v ey a n d Co n st r uc t io n

o f Ships o f Fibr eg l a ss Rein f o r c ed Pl a st ic s

Cha pter 1 g en er a l RULES

1.1 General

1.1.1 Application

1 The survey and construction of ships of fibreglass reinforced plastics (hereinafter referred to as "FRP ships")

are to be in accordance with the requirements in these Rules.

2 The requirements in the Rules are applied to FRP ships of normal form and proportion intended for

unrestricted service, except oil tankers less than 35 min length.3 Hull construction, equipment and scantlings of FRP ships intended for restricted service may be properly

modified according to the conditions of service.

4 The requirements in the Rules are applied to FRP ships moulded by hand lay-up method or spray lay-up

method, using fibreglass reinforcements and unsaturated polyester resins. Wooden ships only covered with

FRP or the ships of similar construction are not regarded as FRP ships.

5 For FRP ships of unusual form or proportion, or intended for carriage of special cargoes, or moulded by the

method or with the materials other than specified in -4, the hull construction, equipment, arrangement and

scantlings are to be in accordance with the discretion of Vietnam Register (hereinafter referred to as "VR").

6 Notwithstanding preceding -1 through -5 FRP ships flying Vietnamese flag are to comply with therequirements in other Rules of VR.

1.1.2 Equivalency

Alternative hull construction, equipment, arrangement and scantlings will be accepted by VR, provided that

VR is satisfied that such construction, equipment, arrangement and scantlings are equivalent to those required

in these Rules.

1.1.3 Class notation

FRP Ships which are classed and entered in the Register Book will be distinguished by the class notation

FRP Hull affixed to the character of classification under 2.1.2, Part 1B of the Rules for Classification andcontruction of sea-going steel ships - TCVN 6259 : 2003 (hereinafter referred to as Rules for Steel Ships).

1.2 Definitions

1.2.1 Application

The definitions of terms which appear in the Rules are to be as specified hereinafter, unless otherwise

specified elsewhere.

1.2.2 Length of ship

Length of ship (L) is the distance in metreson the designed maximum load line defined in 1.2.7(2), from thefore side of stem to the aft side of rudder post in case of a FRP ships with rudder post, or to the axis of rudder

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stock in case of a FRP ship without rudder post. However, in case of a FRP ships with cruiser stern, L is as

defined above or 96% of the total length on the designed maximum load line, whichever is greater.

1.2.3 Breadth of ship

The breadth of ship (B) is the horizontal distance in metresbetween the outside of side shell laminates

measured on the upper surface of upper deck laminates at side at the broadest part of the hull.

1.2.4 Depth of ship

The depth of ship (D) is the vertical distance in metresfrom the lower surface of bottom laminates or from the

intersection of the extension line of lower surface of bottom laminates with the centre line of ship (hereinafter

referred to as "base point of D") to the upper surface of upper deck laminates at side measured at the middle of

L.

1.2.5 Midship part of ship

The midship part of ship is the part for 0.4L amidships unless otherwise specified elsewhere.

1.2.6 End parts of ship

The end parts of ship are the parts for 0.1L from each end of the ship.

1.2.7 Load line and designed maximum load line

(1) Load line is the water line corresponding to each freeboard assigned in accordance with the provisions of

Chapter 20.

(2) Designed maximum load line is the water l ine corresponding to the full load condition.

1.2.8 Load draught and designed maximum load draught

(1) Load draught is the vertical distance inmetresfrom the top of keel plate to the load line.(2) Designed maximum load draught (d) is the vertical distance in metresfrom the top of keel plate to the

designed maximum load line measured at the middle of L.

1.2.9 Fr eeboard deck

1 The freeboard deck is normally the uppermost continuous deck. However, in case where openings without

permanent closing means exist on the exposed part of the uppermost continuous deck or where openings

without permanent closing means exist on the side of the ship below that deck, the freeboard deck is the

continuous deck below that deck.

2 In an FRP Ship having a discontinuous exposed deck, the lowest line of the exposed deck and the continuation

of that line parallel to the upper of the deck is taken as the freeboard deck.

1.2.10 Strength deck

The strength deck at a part of ship's length is the uppermost deck at that part to which the shell laminates

extend. However, in way of superstructures, except sunken superstructures, which are not considered effective

to longitudinal strength, the strength deck is the deck just below the superstructure deck.

1.2.11 Fibreglass reinforcements

The fibreglass reinforcements are glass chopped strand mats (hereinafter referred to as chopped mats), glass

roving cloths (hereinafter referred to as roving cloth) and glass roving (hereinafter referred to as rovings)

of reinforcements for FRP manufactured from long fibres.

1.2.12 Resins

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The resins are liquid unsaturated polyester resins for laminating and gelcoat.

1.2.13 Blending proportion

The blending proportion is a ratio in weight of the applied sclerotic and accelerator to the resin.

1.2.14 Laminating

Laminating is an operation of laying succeeding glass fibre reinforcement impregnated with resin before

curing or before the preceding layer advances in cure.

1.2.15 Bonding

Bonding is an operation of connecting the FRP already advanced in cure with other FRP members, timbers,

hard plastic foams, etc. by means of impregnating fibreglass reinforcements with resin.

1.2.16 Moulding

Moulding is an operation of manufacturing FRP products with definite form, strength, etc. by means of

laminating or bonding.

1.2.17 Single skin construction

The single skin construction is a construction composed of FRP single panels moulded with fibreglass

reinforcement and resin.

1.2.18 Sandwich construction

The sandwich construction is a construction having FRP layers adhered to the both sides of core material such

as hard plastic foam, balsa, timber (including plywood), etc.

1.2.19 Hand lay-up methodThe hand lay-up method is a method of manual moulding by impregnating fibreglass reinforcements with

resin.

1.2.20 Spray lay-up method

The spray lay-up method is a method of moulding by spraying simultaneously fibreglass reinforcements and

resin using spray lay-up apparatus.

1.3 General rules for hull constr uction and equipment

1.3.1 Application of the Rules for Steel ShipsStern frames, rudders, steering gears, masts and equipment are to be in accordance with the requirements in

the relevant Parts of the Rules for Steel Ships.

1.3.2 Stability

The requirements in these Rules are framed for FRP ships having appropriate stability in all conceivable

conditions. VR emphasized that special attentions are to be paid to the stability by the builders in design and

construction and by masters while in service.

1.3.3 Passenger ships

Hull construction, equipment of passenger ships are to be specially considered with respect to the designfeatures in addition to the requirements in these Rules. In this case, attention is to be paid to the compliance

with the International Conventions and the National Regulations of the country in which the ship is registered.

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1.3.4 Scantlings

1 The scantlings required in these Rules are specified for FRP ships moulded with fibreglass reinforcements

composed of chopped mats and roving cloths and moulded with FRP having the strength specified in the

following (1) to (4), but excluding gelcoats:

(1) Tensile strength: 10 kg/mm2

(2) Modulus of tensile elasticity: 700kg

/mm2

(3) Bending strength: 15 kg/mm2

(4) Modulus of bending elasticity: 700 kg/mm2

2 For single skin construction the scantlings specified in the Rules may be modified by multiplying by the

factors specified in the following (1) and (2) in case where moulded with an FRP having the strength higher

than specified in the preceding -1:

(1) For the thickness, a factor obtained from the following formula:

15

B

Where:

B: Bending strength of the FRP obtained from the material tests specified in 4.4.4 (kg/mm2).

(2) For the section modulus (including section modulus of the transverse section of hull), a factor obtained

from the following formula:10

T

Where :

T: Tensile strength of the FRP obtained from the material tests specified in 4.4.4 (kg/mm2).

3 In case where the scantlings of laminates of sandwich construction are calculated, the modulus of bending

elasticity of the inner or outer layer of FRP of laminates if sandwich construction may be as obtained from the

material tests specified in 4.4.4 (kg/mm

2

).4 In calculating the section modules of structural members, the actual FRP laminates of 150 mmon either side

of the web are to be included.

1.3.5 Hat-type construction

1 The minimum thickness of webs and faces of girders, beams, frames, floors, etc. of hollow hat-type or hat-

type with cores for moulding are not to be less than value obtained from the following formula:

Thickness of web : 0.034d0K (mm)

Thickness of face : 0.05bK (mm)

Where:

d0 : Depth of web (mm).b : Breadth of face (mm).

K= 1.0. However, where the section modules of the members exceeds the specified value, the value asobtained from the following formula may be taken asK :

Z

Z

R

A

Where:

ZR : Section modules specified for the member.

ZA: Actual section modulus of the member.

2 The core for moulding may be reckoned in the strength at the discretion of VR.3 Other scantlings are to be in accordance with the requirements in the relevant Chapters.

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1.3.6 Sandwich construction

1 The core of sandwich construction composing a panel is to be, as a rule, composed by one layer. The

thickness of core is not to be greater than 25 mm. However, the composition of core different from these is to

be at the discretion of VR.

2 The ratio of the thicknesses of outer and inner layers of FRP is not to be less than 0.8. In case where the ratio

of the thicknesses of outer and inner layers is less than 0.8, the construction will be specially considered byVR.

3 The cores may be reckoned in the strength at the discretion of VR.

4 Other scantlings are to be in accordance with the requirements in the relevant Chapters.

1.3.7 Weight of fibreglass reinforcements and thickness laminates

1 The thickness of laminates per play of chopped mats or roving cloths may be as value obtained from the

following formula:W

G

W WG

R

G

G

G

R

10 1000 1000 +

(mm)

Where:

WG : Designed weight per unit area of chopped mats or roving cloths (g/m2).

G : Glass content of laminate (ratio in weight) (%),

R : Specific gravity of cured resin.

G : Specific gravity of chopped mats or roving cloths.

2 The glass content (G) specified in the preceding -1 is preferable to be the value per ply for the actual

laminates. However, it may be taken as the mean glass content of the whole laminates.

3 The specific gravity of chopped mats or roving cloths (G) specified in the preceding -1 may by taken as 2.5 in

calculation of the thickness, i f nothing specially intervenes.

4 The specific gravity of cured resin (R) specified in the preceding -1 may be taken as 1.2 in calc