Take a Ride on the Metro Jeff

ProsiseCofounderWintellect

What is Metro?A new shell for Windows 8Runs immersive apps ("Metro apps") distributed through Windows StoreRuns on Intel processors and ARM processorsTouch-first, but with support for mouse and stylusRich API for shell integration (tiles, toasts, etc.)

A new programming model for developersXAML + C#/C++/VB, orHTML5 + JavaScript

Windows 8 Architecture

The Windows Runtime (WinRT)New API for Metro-style appsWin32 is old, complicated, and built for C/C++WinRT is new, simpler, and language-agnostic

APIs for storage, networking, and much moreMore than 100 namespaces, thousands of types

I/O is asynchronous (> 50 ms)C# await keywordJavaScript promises (.then)

Creating a File (.NET/C#)string path = Environment.GetFolderPath

(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments) + "\\Sample.txt";

using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(path))

{

writer.WriteLine("Hello, .NET");

}

Creating a File (WinRT/C#)var folder = KnownFolders.DocumentsLibrary;

var file = await folder.CreateFileAsync("Sample.txt");

var ras = await file.OpenAsync(FileAccessMode.ReadWrite);

using (Stream stream = ras.OpenWrite())

{

using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream))

{

writer.WriteLine("Hello, Metro");

}

}

Creating a File (WinRT/JavaScript)var folder = Windows.Storage.KnownFolders.documentsLibrary;

folder.createFileAsync("Sample.txt").then(function (file) {

file.OpenAsync(Windows.Storage.FileAccessMode.readWrite).then(function (ras) {

var stream = ras.openWrite();

var writer = new Windows.Storage.Streams.DataWriter(stream);

writer.writeString("Hello, Metro");

writer.storeAsync().then(function () {

stream.flushAsync().then(function () { });

});

});

});

DemoYour First Metro Application

Pointer InputWindows 8 is a "touch-first" operating systemWindows.UI.Xaml.UIElement defines events for processing pointer input (including touch input)Pointer events for low-level input (e.g., pressed)Tap events for taps and other simple gesturesManipulation events for dragging and pinchingInertia support built in

PointerDeviceType identifies pointer type (touch, stylus, or mouse) except on manipulation events

Pointer EventsEvent Description

PointerCanceled Fired when the pointer loses contact "abnormally"

PointerCaptureLost Fired when a UI element loses pointer capture

PointerEntered Fired when the pointer enters a UI element

PointerExited Fired when the pointer exits a UI element

PointerMoved Fired when the pointer moves over a UI element

PointerPressed Fired when the pointer is pressed over a UI element

PointerReleased Fired when the pointer is released over a UI element

PointerWheelChanged

Fired when the mouse wheel is rolled

Detecting Mouse Clicks// XAML

<Rectangle Width="100" Height="100" Fill="Red" PointerPressed="OnPressed" />

// C#

void OnPressed(Object sender, PointerEventArgs e)

{

PointerPoint point = e.GetCurrentPoint((UIElement) sender);

// Change Rectangle's fill color to yellow on mouse click

if (point.PointerDevice.PointerDeviceType == PointerDeviceType.Mouse)

((Rectangle) sender).Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Yellow);

// Get coordinates where event occurred

double x = point.Position.X;

double y = point.Position.Y;

}

Tap EventsEvent Description

Tapped Fired when a UI element is tapped

DoubleTapped Fired when a UI element is double-tapped

RightTapped Fired when a UI element is right-tapped (mouse only)

Holding Fired when a UI element is tapped and held

Detecting Tap Gestures// XAML

<Rectangle Width="100" Height="100" Fill="Red" Tapped="OnTapped" />

// C#

void OnTapped(Object sender, TappedEventArgs e)

{

// Change Rectangle's fill color to yellow when tapped

((Rectangle) sender).Fill = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Yellow);

// Get tap coordinates

double x = e.GetPosition((UIElement) sender).X;

double y = e.GetPosition((UIElement) sender).Y;

}

Manipulation EventsEvent Description

ManipulationStarting Fired when a manipulation is about to start

ManipulationStarted Fired when a manipulation begins

ManipulationDelta Fired when a manipulation continues

ManipulationCompleted Fired when a manipulation ends

ManipulationInertiaStarting

Fired when a manipulation ends and the finger was still moving when it broke contact with the screen

Moving and Scaling a UI Element// XAML

<Rectangle ... ManipulationDelta="OnManipulationDelta" ManipulationMode="All">

<Rectangle.RenderTransform>

<CompositeTransform x:Name="RectTransform" />

</Rectangle.RenderTransform>

</Rectangle>

// C#

void OnManipulationDelta(Object sender, ManipulationDeltaEventArgs e)

{

RectTransform.TranslateX += e.DeltaManipulation.Translation.X;

RectTransform.TranslateY += e.DeltaManipulation.Translation.Y;

RectTransform.ScaleX *= e.DeltaManipulation.Scale;

RectTransform.ScaleY *= e.DeltaManipulation.Scale;

}

DemoPointer Input

Application LifecycleMetro apps run one at a timeApps not in the foreground are suspendedApplication.Suspending event precedes suspensionSuspended apps may be terminatedHandle Suspending event and save state in application data (Windows.Storage.ApplicationData)

Apps are resumed when (if) user switches backOverride Application.OnLaunched and restore state if app was suspended and terminated

Saving State in SettingsApplication.Current.Suspending += (s, e) =>

{

// Persist the TextBox named "Input" in LocalSettings

ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings.Values["Input"] = Input.Text;

// Or persist it in RoamingSettings

ApplicationData.Current.RoamingSettings.Values["Input"] = Input.Text;

};

Restoring State from Settings// App.xaml.csprotected override void OnLaunched(LaunchActivatedEventArgs e){ Window.Current.Content = new MainPage(e.Kind == ActivationKind.Launch && e.PreviousExecutionState == ApplicationExecutionState.Terminated); Window.Current.Activate();}

// MainPage.xaml.cspublic MainPage(Boolean restore){ InitializeComponent(); if (restore) Input.Text = ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings.Values["Input"] ?? String.Empty;}

The Resuming Event

Fired when app is resumed following suspension• Fired after Application.OnLaunched is called• Fired regardless of whether app was terminated• Receives no information indicating whether app was

terminated; not a replacement for OnLaunchedUse Resuming events to update state that might have gotten stale while app was suspended

Using Resuming EventsApplication.Current.Resuming += (s, e) =>

{

// TODO: Freshen stale state

}

DemoProgram Lifecycle Management (PLM)

ContractsContracts allow apps to integrate with charmsCharms provide unified and predictable way for users to access common features such as search and settings

Three types of contractsSharing – Share data using Share charmSearch – Search for data using Search charmSettings – Edit application settings and user preferences through Settings charm

Essential part of Metro UI

SharingAllows sharing of data between appsSource app registers handler for DataRequested event fired when user taps share charmHandler receives DataPackage and writes data to itText, RTF, HTML, URI, Bitmap, and StorageItems

Target app selected by user is launched by OSPassed a ShareOperation containing a DataPackageTarget retrieves data from the DataPackage

Think of it as the "Metro clipboard"

Sharing TextDataTransferManager.GetForCurrentView().DataRequested += (s, e) =>

{

DataPackage dp = e.Request.Data;

dp.Properties.Title = "This is my title";

dp.Properties.Description = "This is my description";

dp.RequestedOperation = DataPackageOperation.Copy;

dp.SetText("Hello, Metro");

}

Sharing an ImageDataTransferManager.GetForCurrentView().DataRequested += (s, e) =>

{

DataPackage dp = e.Request.Data;

dp.Properties.Title = "This is my title";

dp.Properties.Description = "This is my description";

dp.RequestedOperation = DataPackageOperation.Copy;

DataRequestDeferral deferral = e.Request.GetDeferral();

StorageFile file = await KnownFolders.DocumentsLibrary.GetFileAsync("Image.jpg");

IRandomAccessStream stream = await file.OpenAsync(FileAccessMode.Read);

dp.SetBitmap(stream);

deferral.Complete();

}

Consuming a Shared Imagepublic void Activate(ShareTargetActivatedEventArgs args){ Window.Current.Content = this; Window.Current.Activate();

var op = args.ShareOperation; string title = op.Data.Properties.Title; string description = op.Data.Properties.Description; BitmapImage bi = new BitmapImage(); bi.SetSource(op.Data.GetBitmap()); XamlImage.Source = bi; // Display the image

ShareButton.Click += (s, e) => { op.ReportCompleted(); };}

DemoSharing

TilesEvery app has a primary tileCreated when app is installed; can be square or wide

App can also create secondary tilesAct as shortcuts into a Metro appActivate app in a predetermined state

Each secondary tile has an ID and argumentsSpecified when tile is createdArguments passed in LaunchActivatedEventArgs when app is launched (Application.OnLaunched)

Tile UpdatesTiles can be updated with live contentTileUpdateManager factory class creates TileUpdatersTileUpdater.Update updates a tile's content

Tile updates can be queued or non-queuedTileUpdater.EnableNotificationQueue enables queuingUp to five notifications can be queued; system rotates queued updates

Tiles can also be updated by push notifications transmitted by Windows Push Notification Service

Updating a Tilevar tu = TileUpdateManager.CreateTileUpdaterForApplication();

XmlDocument tileXml = ...; // XML for wide and small tiles

var tn = new TileNotification(tileXml) {

ExpirationTime = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddSeconds(10), Tag = "MyTag"

};

tu.Update(tn);

Secondary TilesEvery app has a primary tileCreated when app is installed

App can also create secondary tilesAct as shortcuts into a Metro appActivate app in a predetermined state

Each secondary tile has an ID and argumentsSpecified when tile is createdArguments passed in LaunchActivatedEventArgs when app is launched (Application.OnLaunched)

Creating a Secondary Tilevar tile = new SecondaryTile(

"MSFT", // App-defined tile ID

"Microsoft", // Short name

"Microsoft", // Display name

"Args", // App-defined activation args

TileDisplayAttributes.ShowName, // Display attributes

new Uri("ms-resource:Images/Logo.png"), // Square (150x150) tile URI

new Uri("ms-resource:Images/Wide.png") // Wide (310x150) tile URI

);

bool approved = await tile.RequestCreateAsync();

Retrieving Arguments at Launch// App.xaml.cs

protected override void OnLaunched(LaunchActivatedEventArgs e)

{

Window.Current.Content = new MainPage(e.Arguments);

Window.Current.Activate();

}

// MainPage.xaml.cs

public MainPage(args)

{

InitializeComponent();

// TODO: Initialize app based on args parameter

}

Updating a Secondary Tilevar tu = TileUpdateManager.CreateTileUpdaterForSecondaryTile();

XmlDocument xml = ...; // XML for wide and small tiles

var tn = new TileNotification(xml) {

ExpirationTime = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddSeconds(10), Tag = "MyTag"

};

tu.Update(tn);

DemoSecondary Tiles

Download the Code

http://www.wintellect.com/downloads/metro.zip

Be what’s next: Windows 8 Metro Apps• Find everything here

http://aka.ms/mbl-win8• Save the date! March 23: Windows 8 Developer Day

and “Nacht van Windows 8 / La Nuit de Windows 8 (app-a-thon coding night)

• Start today!• Building Windows 8 blog: http://aka.ms/mbl-win8/build• Learn with Windows 8 Dev Preview: http://aka.ms/mbl-win8/devprev • Learn about Windows Store and opportunities:

http://aka.ms/mbl-win8/store

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