Szigorúan bizalmasBizalmas

Csak belső használatraNyilvános

Cooling/heating and

Air Handling solutions

László TakaricsSales Engineer

2020.02.17.

2

Grouping of cooling solutions

By cooling task:

• High temperature process cooling: above + 30 ° C

• Technology cooling: + 10 ° C - + 30 ° C

• Air-conditioning cooling: + 6 ° C - + 18 ° C

• Commercial refrigeration: -5 ° C to + 10 ° C

• Commercial freezers: -5 ° C to -20 ° C

• Technological freezing / shock freezing: below -20 ° C

3

Grouping of cooling solutions

Depending on the nature of the unit producing the cooling energy:

• Dry coolers: above + 35 ° C

• Adiabatic dry coolers: + 28 ° C to + 35 ° C

• Closed cooling towers: + 28 ° C to + 40 ° C

• Open cooling towers: + 26 ° C to + 40 ° C

• Compressor coolers (HFC and HFO): -12 ° C to + 20 ° C

• Compressor freezers (CO2, NH3): -5 ° C to -35 ° C

• Absorption coolers: + 6 ° C to + 24 ° C

• Adsorption coolers: + 4 ° C to + 20 ° C

4

Dry coolers 150-1000 kW

Pros

Closed circuit

Low operating costs

Extremely low maintenance requirements

Cons

Large installation space

Very limited operating range due to ambient temperature

5

Adiabatic dry coolers 150-1500 kW

1

5

4

3

2

7

6

Pros

Closed circuit

Humidification requirement only above + 25 °CLow operating costs

Low maintenance requirement

Only water softening is required

Cons

Large installation space

Very limited operating range due to ambient temperature

6

Closed cooling towers 400-4000 kW

Pros

Closed circuit

Medium evaporation loss

Favorable operating costs

Cons

Frost protection is required

Costly water treatment, water softening

Regular maintenance needs

Limited operating range due to ambient temperature

7

Open cooling towers 400-…

Pros

Simple structure

Low unit investment cost

Medium space requirement and weight

Favorable noise data

Cons

High evaporation loss

Costly water treatment, water softening

An additional heat exchanger is required

Frost protection is required

Regular maintenance needs

Limited operating range due to ambient temperature

8

Chillers with compressors 70-2500 kW

Pros

Closed circuit

Always safe cooling performance, accurate temperature control

Wide capacity range

Compact structure

Integrated intelligent automation

Heat pump versions also for heating

Cons

Specifically higher investment and operating costs

Regular maintenance needs

9

Principle of compressor coolingQc heat dissipation = „recoverable wasteheat generation"Condenser

Pe drive powerCompressor

Q0 heat absorption = „cold production”Evaporator

pressure relief Expansion valve

Q0 + Pe = Qc

10

Types of Compressor Chillers

Air cooledWater cooled

Split

11

Types of compressors

Alternating piston

Rotating piston R407C

Piston compressor (R22) → R407F refrigerant

GWP 1810 GWP 1825

GWP 1774

12

Types of compressors

SCREW compressor

(R134a) → R1234yf refrigerant

CENTRIFUGAL compressor

(R134a) → R1234ze refrigerant

SCROLL compressor

(R410a) → R32 refrigerantGWP 2088 GWP 675

GWP 1430

GWP 1430

GWP 6

GWP 4

13

Direct eXpansion, DX systems 4-60 kW

Pros

Closed circuit, direct cooling

Always safe cooling performance, accurate temperature control

Compact design with little space required

Integrated intelligent automation

they can also be used for heating

Cons

Limited scope of applications(comfortclimate range + spec. commercial)

Demand for skilled labor

14

Comparison of cooling solutions

According to the nature of heat transfer:

• Air cooling → 1x or 2x heat transformation

• Liquid cooling (water, glycol, freezium, etc.) →min. 1x heat transformation

• Direct expansion (DX-cooling) →minimum intermediate loss

15

Comparison of cooling solutions

Air RefrigerantLiquid

Diameter of pipes

16

Air cooling

Pros

The highest level of comfort

In some application areas this is the only solution (cleanroom, sport)

Humidity control

Can also be combined with a DX heat source

Cons

High investment and operating costs

Large space requirements within the building

Simultaneous heating and cooling is not possible

Slow control response time

Regular maintenance needs

17

Liquid cooling (water, glycol, freezium, etc.)

Pros

Better space requirements within the building

More efficient heat transfer

Proportional operating and investment costs

Wide power range, despite building geometry dimensions

Simultaneous heating and cooling possible with additional heat source (+ 4-pipe)

Cons

Machine house space requirement within the building

Central control is complicated and expensive

Medium control response time

Regular maintenance needs

18

Direct evaporative cooling (DX-cooling)

Pros

Extremely high seasonal efficiency

Extremely small space requirement within a building

Central control and power control

Fast control response time

Simultaneous cooling and heating with heat recovery

(3-pipe) EER + COP = TER

Cons

Requires a qualified installer (with specialist knowledge)

Piping Layout Based on Custom Manufacturer Specifications and Rules (Software Assistance)

Geometric constraints for high power demand

19

Possible combionations

Total solution in 1 system DX heating and cooling

Low temperaturewater heating and cooling

High temperaturewater heating / DHW (up to 80 ° C)

Ventilation systems (Air handling units and / or air curtains)

Heat Recovery (HR) VRV IV+

20

Air handling unit with integrated DX heat exchanger

Cooling / heating changeovercontact

F1/F2 bus communication

Expansion Valve Dimensions EKEXV63 - EKEXV500

21

Air handling unit with integrated DX heat exchanger

22

EWYD-4Z the four pipe chiller / heat pump

23

Two separate circuits can run independently, so the unit can operate

in 5 different modes:

1. Cooling only2. Heating only3. Cooling = Heating4. Cooling < Heating5. Cooling > Heating

Basing on the actual request for heating and cooling the unit controller assigns to each circuit

the related operating mode

1 2

3

45

OFF OFF

EWYD-4Z the four pipe chiller / heat pump

24

EWYD-4Z the four pipe chiller / heat pump

Környezeti hőmérséklet [°C]

25

Cascade solutionFor low capacity heating applicatioins, a cascade system is used on the refrigerant side.

For large systems, this cascade system can be implemented on the water side.

-15°C

50°C

35°C

40°C

CLW

T

Outdoor air temp.

CLW

T 75°C

ELWT4°C 30°C20°C

Upper cycleW/W HP

Lower cycleA/W HP

Outdoor air temp.-15°C 40°C

CLW

T

75°C

Cascade system operationdiagram

Cascade system

Cascade heat pump solutions

26

Existing building1) Replacing gas boiler for high temperature heating water

75°C

chimney

boiler

R32A/W HP

W/W HP R1234ze75°C

Cascade heat pump solutions

New building

27

R32A/W HP

W/W HP OFF

35°C

Heating period

Only heating

35°C

Heating + DHW

35°C

75°C75°C

Only DHW

R32A/W HP

R32A/W HP

W/W HP ON W/W HP ON

Cascade heat pump solutions

New building

28

R32A/W HPCooling

18°C

Cooling period

Cooling only

18°C

Cooling + DHWR32

A/W HPCooling@ partial load

W/W HP ON

75°C

Only DHW

35°C

W/W HP ON

75°C

W/W HP OFF

R32A/W HPheating

Cascade heat pump solutions

W/W HP OFF

29

And if you really need a lot of power…

30

Middle Eastern district cooling projects with WCT equipment

Daikin Ventilation Solutions

Indoor Air Quality & Ventilation

for Commercial Applications

Pollution

level

Higher Pollution

level

Most people are aware that

outdoor pollution can

impact their health but…

Indoor air is (much) more

polluted than Outdoor air!

OUTDOOR VS INDOOR AIR QUALITY

Classification of outdoor air (ODA) ODA 1 - Rural

ODA 3 - Industrial

Low Pollution Level

High Pollution Level

ODA 2 - City

SUP 1

SUP 4

Classification of indoor air (IDA)Low Pollution

Level

High Pollution Level

Filtration requirement

STANDARD EN16798 – VENTILATION FOR NON-RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Outdoor Air QualitySupply air class

SUP 1 SUP 2 SUP 3 SUP 4

ODA (P) 1 88%a 80%a 80%a 80%a

ODA (P) 2 96%a 88%a 80%a 80%a

ODA (P) 3 99%a 96%a 92%a 80%a

aCombined average filtration efficiency over a single or multiple stage filtration

Aerodynamic Diameter (µm) of particles and their region of deposit

5-10 µm

3-5 µm

2-3 µm

1-2 µm

0,1-1 µm

Nose and Pharynx

Trachea

Bronchia

Bronchiole

Alveoli

ISO 16890

Particulate Matter (PM)

Due to their harmfulness, frequency and permanence, particles smaller than 2.5 µm

(PM1 and PM2.5) need highest attention new legislation ISO 16890

PM10

PM1

PM2.5

PARTICULATE MATTERS

G2

2012 (former legislations) July 2018 (New unified legislation)

EN779:2012

ASHRAE 52.2

ISO 16890

No clear correlation

with PM1 – PM2.5 – PM10

Direct correlation with

PM1 – PM2.5 – PM10

Pressure drop

Eff

icie

ncy

G1

G3 G4

M5M

6

F7F8

F9

Gross

Medium

Fine

Eff

icie

ncy

ISO Coarse (%)

ePM10 (%)

ePM2.5 (%)

ePM1 (%)

Pressure drop

NEW FILTRATION LEGISLATION ISO 16890

DAIKIN VENTILATION ANDAIR HANDLING UNITSRange and portfolio

Modular R

Modular P

Professional

Centralized ventilation Decentralized ventilation

Modular LVAM

CENTRALIZED AND DECENTRALIZED SOLUTIONS

ProfessionalUp to 144.000 m3/h

150

125

100

75

50

25

20

15

10

5

0

Modular RUp to 25.000 m3/h

Modular PUp to 15.000 m3/h

Modular LUp to 3.500 m3/h

Up to 2.000 m3/h

VAM

DAIKIN VENTILATION AND AHU PORTFOLIO

MODULAR L SMARTDesigned for the best indoor air

quality

A

B

FRESH AIR

Pre filter: Coarse 55% (G4) or ePM10 75% (M5)

or ePM1 50% (F7)

Filter: ePM1 50% (F7)* or ePM1 80% (F9)

*Minimum requirement EU Reg. 1253

RETURN AIR

Filter: ePM10 75% (M5)* or ePM1 50% (F7)

Pre filter: Coarse 55% (G4) or ePM10 75%

(M5)

* Minimum requirement EU Reg. 1253

D

C

BEST POSSIBLE IAQ – FILTER ARRANGEMENT

• Up to ePM1 50% (F7) + ePM1 80% (F9) filtration level

• Possibility to have pre-filter

• CO2 sensor (optional)

BEST POSSIBLE IAQ ACCORDING TO EN16798

F1-F

2

Direct integration of the Modular L Smart into a DX installation:

• F1-F2 connector: direct integration with Daikin centralised controllers (iTM, iTAB, Daikin Cloud

Service)

• P1-P2 connector: direct integration with Daikin controllers (Madoka BRC1H)

DIRECT CONNECTIVITY AND COMMUNICATION with VRV / SkyAir units

Modular L Smart

iTM

iTab

Daikin Cloud

Service

DIII-Net

P1-P2

Easiness of selection, easiness of installation, easiness of commissioning, less running costs

CONNECTIVITY WITH VRV AND SKYAIR

MODULAR L SMARTProduct overview

Premium efficiency

counter flow

aluminium

Heat Exchanger

(up to 92%

efficiency)

Low pressure

compact filters

(pre-filter/filter stages)

EC centrifugal plug

fans

with IE4 premium

efficiency motor

50 mm mineral wool insulation

Aluzinc inner panel, highest

corrosion resistance (C5 / C4)

100% automatic bypass

damper for free cooling

operation

Rectangular duct

flange (circular

optional)

MODULAR L SMART OVERVIEW

Unique Selling Points for any Ventilation application

• Best possible Indoor Air Quality

• Direct connectivity to VRV / SkyAir

• Space saving solution (from 280 mm height)

• High Efficiency aluminium Heat Exchanger (up to 92%)

• Airflow from 150 up to 3.500 m3/h, maximum available ESP up to 600 Pa

• Low sound level

• 6 standard sizes available from stock

MODULAR L SMART IN A GLANCE

Thank you for your attention!