Systems

A view of a system requires understanding the whole in terms of interacting component subsystems, boundaries, inputs and outputs, feedback, and relationships

• Two or more individual parts that work together to perform a single function (job) and combine to form a whole. Matter energy and information can flow through a system.

SystemsSystems DefinitionsDefinitions

Systems Vocab

• Input- Something put into a system or expended in its operation

to achieve output or a result • Output- The energy, power, or work produced by a system. • Components- being or serving as an element (in something

larger); composing; constituent • Products- Something produced by human or mechanical effort

or by a natural process. • Transformations- change in form, appearance, nature, or

character

• Most things are made of parts• Something may not work if some of its parts are

missing• When parts are put together, they can do things

that they couldn’t do by themselves• In something that consists of many parts, the

parts usually influence one another.

Some common science systems

• Earth - Moon system

• Solar system

• Convection currents

• Car and ramp

• Grand Canyon

• Stream table

• Levers and pulleys

• VolcanoesVolcanoes• WeatherWeather• Water cycleWater cycle• Lava lampsLava lamps• Human bodyHuman body• EcosystemsEcosystems• PendulumsPendulums

Inputs and Outputs

• Every system has an INPUT and OUTPUT. Its OUTPUT is the function (job) that it does or the result of its job. What is its INPUT?

Inputs can be….

• ENERGY—in some form.

• MATTER—some kind of “stuff” so it can do its job

• INFORMATION

Inputs and Outputs

• Systems have inputs - things that get put in to make the system function.

• Systems have outputs – what they do, and sometimes other things.

Inputs

• In order to carry out their purpose, systems need an input of some kind of energy. Sometimes they need other inputs of matter (stuff) or information too.

• OUR DEFINITIION: An input is something that enters the system. It can be matter (stuff), information, or energy

Forms of Energy Input

• There are lots of kinds of energy. Some common kinds are:

• Electrical• Thermal (heat)• Mechanical (movement)• Nuclear• Chemical (food is one example; a battery is

another)• Sound • Light

What kind of energy input is needed by these systems?

Output

• Outputs from a system can include what they do, energy, information, and any other matter (stuff) that comes out.

• OUR DEFINITION: An output is something that leaves the system. It can be matter (stuff), information, or energy

What kind of energy output is produced by these systems?

Outputs can become inputs.

• Sometimes the output from one system can become the input for another system.

Practice

• Name the inputs and outputs for a dairy cow.

Practice

• Name the inputs and outputs for broccoli.

Practice

• Name the inputs and outputs for a toaster.

Sometimes systems are too large to study so they are broken down

into smaller subsystems.

A subsystem is a system within a

system

Subsystems

Cooling system of an engine.

Inputs Outputs

______________________________ System Framework (Boundaries)

Components

Energy Transformations

Notes Complete

1. Bring up for a stamp if finished with the notes.

2. Grab the house and car as a system assignment on the counter and work on it as a group.