swine flu 3 by shumail sajid
TRANSCRIPT
Contents
Introduction Types
History
Life cycle
Symptoms
Prevention
Swine flu
Also known as pig flu, swine influenza A respiratory disease Endemic in pigs Zoonotic swine flu 2009 flu pandemic
Types of swine viruses
Type A Type B Type C
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Influenza Virus in humans
TYPE A
(Seasonal avian, swine influenza)
Significant disease Infect human &
other species Severe epidemics
TYPE B
(Common human flu) Milder disease Limited to human Milder epidemics
Scientific nameH1N1
H – Heamagglutinin
N – Neuraminidase
1's refer to antibody type
Genus is Orthomyxoviridae
First identified in an animal
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Influenza Pandemics of thepast 100 years
Influenza Pandemics of thepast 100 years
Year of Origin Sub-Type in Circulation
1890 H2N8
1900 H3N8
1918 H1N1 (Spanish Flu)
1957 H2N2 (Asian Flu)
1968 H3N2 (Hong Kong Flu)
1977 HIN1 (Russian Flu)
Life cycle
Life cycle
Seasonal Influenza
A public health problem each year
Usually some immunity built up from previous exposures to the same subtype
Infants and elderly most at risk
Influenza Pandemics
Appear in the human population rarely and unpredictably
Human population lacks any immunity
All age groups, including healthy young adults
Seasonal Epidemics vs. Pandemics
A H1N1 :new virus
The 2009 H1N1 virus is a hybrid of swine, avian and human strains
Influenza A (H1N1)
Viral Re-assortment
Reassortment in pigs
Reassortment in humans
Pandemic Influenza Virus
From where H1N1 come?
Antigenic shift
How spread???
• As seasonal flu
• Mainly from person to person through coughing
or sneezing
• By touching something with
live flu viruses on it and then
touching their mouth or nose.
Hosts
1. A number of species including birds, swine, horses and dogs
2. Found mainly in pigs, but also found in other species including humans, turkeys, and ducks
Transmission
Pigs may begin excreting swine influenza viruses within 24 hours of infection
The primary route is through pig to pig contact via the nasopharyngeal route
Most probably through nose-to-nose contact or direct contact of mucus
The virus is shed in nasal secretions and disseminated through droplets or aerosols
Sources of virus
Infected pig within a herd Infected humans in contact with pigs Human-origin H1N1 and H3N2 strains have
been identified in swine populations Other species capable of infecting pigs,
including birds, humans, and horses
No. Not transmitted by food . Eating properly handled and cooked pork is
safe Cooking pork to an internal temperature of
160°F kills the H1N1 (swine) flu virus as it does other bacteria and viruses
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Difference between swine flu & bird flu
Avian flu Swine flu
Lung inflammation Similar to seasonal human flu
Human system over reacts Bad cough & headache
Chemicals run in bloodstream and cause holes in blood vessels Fever & fatigue
Plasma leaks out of holes and enter into lungs Nasal secretions
Transmitted by birds Transmitted by pigs
H1N1 TYPE A influenzaH5N1 TYPE A influenza
Vaccination
No specific vaccination Use of antiviral medicines Antibiotics can save from secondary
bacterial infections Patient should be separate from healthy
persons
Preventive measures in workplaceStaff
1. Cover nose and mouth
2. Wash hands
3. Use hand dryer
4. Maintain good personal and environmental hygiene
5. Good body resistance
6. If staff develop influenza-like symptoms such as fever, sore throat and cough
7. Consult their doctor promptly
8. Wear a surgical mask
9. Take rest at home
Health tips
Office management Use of PPE's Wash the dust-filters frequently Switch on wall fan and exhaust fan to
enhance air movement Use of disinfectant
CONCLUSION
• Swine flu is a dreadful viral disease caused by H1N1 virus
• Has greater outbreak in 2009
• By effective measures and vaccination we can prevent this disease
• We should more focus our research on he mode of spread of this disease