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Survey Data for Assessment

Community Prevention FrameworkJanuary Webcast

2013

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Logic ModelConsequences Behaviors Intervening

VariablesLegal Health Social Financial

Substance abuse Alcohol Tobacco Prescription drugs Marijuana Other drugsDelinquencyTeen pregnancySchool dropoutViolenceDepression & AnxietyGambling

Risk FactorsProtective FactorsContributing Factors

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Definitions of Terms

• Risk Factor• Protective Factor• Prevalence• Statistical Significance• Percent• Rate• Culture

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Risk Factors

Source: CTC, Risk and Protective Factor Scale Construction Summary.

• Conditions that increase the likelihood of a person becoming involved in drug use, delinquency, school dropout and/or violence.

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Protective Factors

Source: CTC, Risk and Protective Factor Scale Construction Summary.

• Conditions that buffer a person from exposure to risk by either reducing the impact of the risks or changing the way the person responds to risks.

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Prevalence

Source: CTC, Risk and Protective Factor Scale Construction Summary.

• Percentage of a population that is affected or that meets a given criteria, e.g., having used alcohol in the past month.

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Statistical Significance

Source: CTC, Risk and Protective Factor Scale Construction Summary.

• A difference of such magnitude as to provide confidence that– the result did not occur by chance – the change was caused by something other

than chance.

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Number vs. Percent/Rate

• The number tells how many people. The percent tells the rate per 100 persons.

• Percent captures the number• Percent allows for comparisons of

prevalence, e.g., of places of unequal size

#

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Culture• The shared values, norms, traditions,

customs, arts, history, folklore, and institutions of a group of people, passed on by more experienced members to new members.

• Deep culture– Thoughts– Ideas– Understandings

Tip

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IN Youth Survey Data

• Risk Factor Data• Protective Factor Data• Youth Problem Behaviors Data

2012

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Domains of Influence

Community

Peer

School

Family

Individual

Society

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IN Youth Survey Risk Factor Data

• Availability of Drugs• Community Laws and Norms Favorable toward Drug Use

• Family Management Problems

• Family Conflict• Favorable Parental

Attitudes and Involvement in Problem Behavior

• Academic Failure Beginning in Late Elementary

• Lack of Commitment to School

• Rebelliousness• Friends Who Engage in Problem Behavior

• Early Initiation of the Problem Behavior

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Perceived Availability of Drugs

• How easy would it be for you to get . . .– Cigarettes?– Beer, wine or liquor?–Marijuana– A drug like cocaine, LSD or amphetamines?

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Community Laws & NormsFavorable Toward Drug Use

• How wrong would most adults (over 21) in your neighborhood think it is for kids your age ….?– To use marijuana?– To drink alcohol?– To smoke cigarettes?

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Poor Family Management

• My parents ask if I’ve gotten my homework done

• Would your parents know if you did not come home on time?

• When I am not at home, one of my parents knows where I am and whom I am with.

• The rules in my family are clear.

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Poor Family Management, cont.

• My family has clear rules about alcohol and drug use.

• If you drank some beer or wine or liquor (e.g., vodka, whisky or gin) without your parents’ permission, would you be caught by your parents?

• If you skipped school, would you be caught by your parents?

• If you carried a handgun without your parents’ permission, would you be caught by your parents?

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Family Conflict

• People in my family often insult or yell at each other.

• People in my family have serious arguments.• We argue about the same things in my family over and over. 

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Parental Attitudes Favorable toward ATOD Use

• How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to: – Drink beer, wine or hard liquor regularly?– Smoke cigarettes?– Smoke marijuana?

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Academic Failure Beginning in Late Elementary School

• What grades do you generally get in school?

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Lack of Commitment to School

• How often do you feel that the schoolwork you are assigned is meaningful and important?

• How interesting are most of your courses to you?• How important do you think the things you are

learning in school are going to be for your later life?• During the LAST FOUR WEEKS, how many whole days have you missed because you skipped or “cut”?

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Lack of Commitment to School, cont.

• Now, thinking back over the past year in school, how often did you:– Enjoy being in school?– Hate being in school?– Try to do your best work in school?

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Rebelliousness

• I do the opposite of what people tell me, just to get them mad.

• I ignore rules that get in my way.• I like to see how much I can get away with.

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Friends Who Engage in the Problem Behavior

• Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many of your best friends have:– Been suspended from school?– Carried a handgun?– Sold illegal drugs?

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Friends Who Engage in the Problem Behavior, cont.

• Think of your four best friends (the friends you feel closest to). In the past year (12 months), how many of your best friends have:– Stolen or tried to steal a motor vehicle such as a car or motorcycle?

– Been arrested?– Dropped out of school?

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Favorable Attitudes toward the Problem Behavior

• How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to:– Take a handgun to school?– Steal anything worth more than $5?– Pick a fight with someone?– Attack someone with the idea of seriously hurting him or her?

– Stay away from school all day when their parents think they are at school?

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• At what age did Cigarettes– Inhalants–Meth– Heroin– Steroids– Ecstasy– Hallucinogens– Rx Drugs to get high– OTC to get high

Early Initiation of the Problem Behavior (ATOD Q)

• At what age did you first use . . .– Cigarettes– Smokeless Tobacco– Cigars– Pipe – Alcohol–Marijuana– Cocaine– Crack

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IN Youth Survey Protective Factor Data

• Family Opportunities for Prosocial Involvement

• Family Rewards for Prosocial Involvement• Community Rewards for Prosocial

Involvement• School Opportunities for Prosocial Involvement

• School Rewards for Prosocial Involvement

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Family Opportunities for Prosocial Involvement

• My parents give me lots of chances to do fun things with them.

• My parents ask me what I think before most family decisions affecting me are made.

• If I had a personal problem, I could ask my mom or dad for help.

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Community Rewards for Prosocial Involvement

• My neighbors notice when I am doing a good job and let me know.

• There are people in my neighborhood who encourage me to do my best.

• There are people in my neighborhood who are proud of me when I do something well.

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School Opportunities for Prosocial Involvement

• In my school, students have lots of changes to help decide things like class activities and rules.

• There are lots of chances for students in my school to talk with a teacher one-on-one.

• Teachers ask me to work on special classroom projects.

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School Opportunities for Prosocial Involvement, cont.

• There are lots of chances for students in my school to get involved in sports, clubs, and other school activities outside of class.

• I have lots of chances to be part of class discussions or activities.

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School Rewards for Prosocial Involvement

• My teacher(s) notice when I am doing a good job and lets me know about it.

• The school lets my parents know when I have done something well.

• I feel safe at my school.• My teachers praise me when I work hard in

school.

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Youth Problem Behaviors Data

• Substance Abuse• Delinquency• Teen Pregnancy• School Drop-Out• Violence

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IN Youth SurveyProblem Behaviors Data – Substance Abuse

• Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs– Have you ever used– How many times in the last month …– At what age did you first use … – Binge drinking (5/4 x in past 2 wks)

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Interpreting R&P Data

• How wrong do you think it is for someone your age to smoke cigarettes?– Not wrong at all (1)– A little bit wrong (2)–Wrong (3)– Very wrong (4)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4

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Identifying Elevated Risk

The number of Indiana 8th graders at risk for family conflict is greater than that of other communities across the nation.

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Family Conflict Scale

We argue about the same things in my family over and over.

People in my family have serious arguments.

People in my family often insult or yell at each other.

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Family Conflict Scale

35.3% of students reported that their family argues repetitively

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Identifying Depressed Protection

• My parents give me lots of chances to do fun things with them. smoke cigarettes?– NO!(1)– no (2)– yes (3)– YES! (4)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4

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Interpreting R&P Data

The number of Indiana 6th graders benefitting from community rewards for involvement is less than that of other communities across the nation.

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Community Rewards Scale

My neighbors notice when I am doing a good job and let me know.

There are people in my neighborhood who are proud of me when I do something well.

There are people in my neighborhood who encourage me to do my best.

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Community Rewards Scale

48% of students reported that their neighbors DO NOT take notice of them and recognize them for doing a good job

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