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Dr. Donald Kaberuka, President African Development Bank Group

‘‘Climate change is central to the core business of the African Development Bank and requires urgent action.’’

Dr. Donald Kaberuka, President African Development Bank Group

‘‘Climate change is central to the core business of the African Development Bank and requires urgent action.’’

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Climate Change and Africa................................................ 1

Context

Responding to Climate Change

Adaptation

Mitigation

Costs......................................................................................................... 2

The African Development Bank and Climate Change.............. 3

The African Development Bank’s Response

Adaptation

Mitigation................................................................................................... 4

Knowledge and Capacity Development.................................................. 7

Partnerships and Financing Options....................................................... 7

Boxes

1. Lake Turkana Wind Power Project, Kenya............................................................................. 5

2. Inga Dam, DRC................................................................................................................................ 5

3. Souapiti Hydropower, OMVG...................................................................................................... 5

4. GIBE III Hydropower...................................................................................................................... 6

5. Ain Beni Mathar Solar Thermal Plant....................................................................................... 5

6. The Congo Basin Forest Fund.................................................................................................... 5

Figures

1. Fresh water availability ............................................................................................................... 3

2. Selected projects in West Africa............................................................................................... 8

3. Selected projects in North Africa............................................................................................... 9

4. Selected projects in Eastern Africa........................................................................................ 10

5. Selected projects in Central Africa......................................................................................... 11

6.Selected projects in Southern Africa....................................................................................... 12

Annexes

1. Climate-resilient Development Projects and Programmes............................................. 14

2. Clean, Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Projects ........................................... 17

3. Sustainable Land Use, Forestry and REDD Projects and Programmes...................... 19

4. Sustainable Transport Projects............................................................................................... 20

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ContextClimate change seriously threatens sustainable development, poverty reduction and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), particularly in Africa. The adverse impacts of climate change affect Africa disproportionately and already manifest themselves in more frequent occurrences of climate extremes such as floods, droughts, and heat waves. Even extreme climate events are projected to occur.

Climate change has disastrous consequences for Africa’s keyeconomic sectors: a significant decline in agricultural productivity, heightened threat of food insecurity and famines, expansion of diseases vectors, coastal erosion, loss of biodiversity, increasing water scarcity, land degradation and desertification.

Recent assessments have shown that the economic costs of climate change in Africa are likely to be significantly higher in relative terms than in other regions of the world. The costs of addressing the huge impacts of climate variability in Africa are already being felt in the continent. For example, in East Africa, major periodic drought and floods have cost 5%-8% GDP per event and their regular frequency have a direct long-term fiscal liability of over 2% GDP per annum, which is largely absorbed by the national governments

Whilst imposing new burdens, climate change also provides new incentives. For instance to increase agricultural productivity by improving techniques and by developing climate resilient seeds, extending efficient irrigation, managing water, protecting lakes and forests and using their resources in a sustainable manner.

Responding to Climate Change The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change identifies two actions to respond to climate change: adaptation and mitigation

AdaptationAdaption to climate change and its consequences in Africa requires immediate actions to reduce vulnerability in the short-term, while building an economy that can withstand these impacts in the medium and long-terms. In most respects, adaptation is inextricably linked to, and largely indistinguishable from, development, and should be treated as such. The degree of resilience and adaptive capacity across the continent depends on levels of development. Therefore, basic development in climate-sensitive sectors must build adaptive capacities and integrate climate change risks and opportunities into national development planning. In most cases, known adaptation measures cannot eliminate all climate-related risks. This underscores the fact that no matter how well projects are designed, adaptation doesnot substitute for mitigation actions to reduce carbon emissions and slow the rate of global warming.

MitigationAfrica currently contributes only 4 percent of global green house gas emissions but could become a major emitter in the absence of actions to reduce green house gases. The imperatives of climate change call for global efforts to seek a lower carbon development path, to rely less on fossil fuel sources. Low carbon options are typically more expensive

than conventional energy sources, however a lower carbon growth path offers opportunities for Africa to make use of its comparative advantages: forest resources; hydro and solar potential; bio-energy, and improved land use. When discussing climate change mitigation in Africa, the continent’s need to increase its energy supply to meet the MDGs must be borne in mind. Africa lacks access to energy both on and off grid and must invest in new generating capacity. Additional resources would offer the scope to incentivize best practice, introduce new technology, develop institutional capability, and undertake the long-term investment in cross-border projects.

CLIMATE CHANGE AND AFRICA

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Agriculture is the backbone of the African economy. Only 4% of African land is irrigated while the great majority of farmers practice rain-fed subsistence farming Unpredictable rainfall patterns are lowering agricultural productivity and contributing to food shortages. To prevent future food crises, agricultural yields need to grow. Most farmers expand their agricultural productivity by bringing new areas under cultivation. This results in deforestation, which is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in Africa

Figure 1. Fresh water availability

Source: FAO, Nations uniesWorld Resources Institute (WRI)


Fresh water availabilityCubic metres per person and per year, 2007

Scarcity

Stress

Vulnerability

Data not available0 1000 1700 2500 6000 15000 70 000 684000

THE AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK AND CLIMATE CHANGE

The African Development Bank’s Response.Under its Medium Term Strategy 2008-2012, the African Development Bank’s addresses climate change as a cross-cutting issue and part of a broader accelerated development agenda for the continent. The Bank’s Climate Change Action Plan guides the implementation of its Climate Risk Management and Adaptation Strategy (CRMA) and Clean Energy Investment Framework, which address the broader issues of adaptation and mitigation respectively.

AdaptationThe African Development Bank is implementing several measures to help Africa to adapt not only to the adverse impacts of climate change in the short-term but also to embark on building a climate-resilient economy that can withstand the adverse impacts of climate change in the medium to long-terms. This effort aligns with the Bank Group’s Medium-Term Strategy, which emphasizes the importance of integrating climate change concerns in all Bank-supported projects and investments.

In addition, the Bank Group’s CRMA calls for enhanced support to regional member countries to strengthen their capacities to address the risks associated with climate change as well as ensure that all Bank-supported investments are ‘climate-proofed’. Consistent with its CRMA, the Bank is investing in adaptation measures that target key vulnerable sectors and strengthen economic development on the continent, focusing on infrastructure and regional integration.

These well-targeted investments to improve climate resilience are estimated to be cheaper and more effective than investing ex-post facto in complex disaster relief efforts. Core elements of the Bank’s interventions in adaptation include: i) promoting sustainable land use and integrated water resources management; ii) building resilient key infrastructure and urban systems, and iii) climate proofing its portfolio.

The African Development Bank has carefully developed a strong portfolio of cost-effective measures to address a large part of Africa’s identified climate change risks in vulnerable sectors, including improving land use, water and agriculture infrastructure, capacity development, and policy and regulatory reforms.


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Starting from a relatively low base, Africa has the opportunity to pursue a clean energy strategy for its development. Sustainable growth requires access to diverse, reliable, affordable and clean energy. The 2009 G20 meeting in Pittsburgh issued a communiqué to this effect. The G20 committed to stimulate investment in clean energy, renewable and energy efficiency and to provide financial support for these projects in developing countries, and to facilitate the transfer of clean energy technology.

CostsAdaptation and mitigation come at additional costs. The Grantham Research Institute estimates the cost of adaptation and of putting Africa on a low-carbon growth pathway at about $22–31 billion per year by 2015. These costs could rise to $52–68 billion per year by 2030. It is estimated that “climate proofing” will add some 40% to the costs of meeting the MDGs in Africa. This would require international financial assistance of some $100 billion a year over the next decade – far higher than current levels. This underscores the urgency of international action. However, these costs are low in comparison withthe economic benefits of adaptation and mitigation.

Ban Ki-moon,UN Secretary General

“The Battle against climate change cannotbe won without forests, this is now clear.”

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Agriculture is the backbone of the African economy. Only 4% of African land is irrigated while the great majority of farmers practice rain-fed subsistence farming Unpredictable rainfall patterns are lowering agricultural productivity and contributing to food shortages. To prevent future food crises, agricultural yields need to grow. Most farmers expand their agricultural productivity by bringing new areas under cultivation. This results in deforestation, which is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions in Africa




Fresh water availabilityCubic metres per person and per year, 2007

Scarcity

Stress

Vulnerability

Data not available0 1000 1700 2500 6000 15000 70 000 684000

THE AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK AND CLIMATE CHANGE

The African Development Bank’s Response.Under its Medium Term Strategy 2008-2012, the African Development Bank’s addresses climate change as a cross-cutting issue and part of a broader accelerated development agenda for the continent. The Bank’s Climate Change Action Plan guides the implementation of its Climate Risk Management and Adaptation Strategy (CRMA) and Clean Energy Investment Framework, which address the broader issues of adaptation and mitigation respectively.

AdaptationThe African Development Bank is implementing several measures to help Africa to adapt not only to the adverse impacts of climate change in the short-term but also to embark on building a climate-resilient economy that can withstand the adverse impacts of climate change in the medium to long-terms. This effort aligns with the Bank Group’s Medium-Term Strategy, which emphasizes the importance of integrating climate change concerns in all Bank-supported projects and investments.

In addition, the Bank Group’s CRMA calls for enhanced support to regional member countries to strengthen their capacities to address the risks associated with climate change as well as ensure that all Bank-supported investments are ‘climate-proofed’. Consistent with its CRMA, the Bank is investing in adaptation measures that target key vulnerable sectors and strengthen economic development on the continent, focusing on infrastructure and regional integration.

These well-targeted investments to improve climate resilience are estimated to be cheaper and more effective than investing ex-post facto in complex disaster relief efforts. Core elements of the Bank’s interventions in adaptation include: i) promoting sustainable land use and integrated water resources management; ii) building resilient key infrastructure and urban systems, and iii) climate proofing its portfolio.

The African Development Bank has carefully developed a strong portfolio of cost-effective measures to address a large part of Africa’s identified climate change risks in vulnerable sectors, including improving land use, water and agriculture infrastructure, capacity development, and policy and regulatory reforms.


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The Bank Group aims to be the lead financier for clean energy in Africa, in ways that support low-carbon development on the continent. Through its public and private sector departments, the Bank Group, has substantially increased its renewable energy and energy efficiency investments in the continent. Its interventions directly contribute to the expansion of access to clean energy in Africa, particularly for the poor. The Lake Turkana Projects is one such intervention.

• Energy Efficiency

Projects identified to increase energy efficiency include grid interconnections, notably in East and South Africa, which will ensure that generated electricity reaches intended users. The provision of targeted support to improvements in policies and regulations will be necessary to drive these actions and increase the uptake of energy efficiency initiatives in RMCs. Bank’s porfolio of Energy Efficiency Initiatives is presented in Annex 2.

Box 1: Lake Turkana Wind Power Project, KenyaDuring the 20-year lifespan of this project, carbon emissions will be reduced by an estimated 16 million tons. In 2011, 50 MW of clean power will be generated. In 2020, when the wind park is fully commissioned, it will be generating 300 MW. Projected costs are approximately €459 million. The African Development Bank will facilitate the entire debt tranche through the African Financing Partnership facility and has also committed to a loan of up to €100 million.

The Ethiopian and Kenyan highlands channel winds from the Indian Ocean through a relatively desolate spot near Lake Turkana at a constant speed of 11 metres per second. The 365 wind turbines of the Lake Turkana Wind Power Project will be built here. To haul the turbines from Mombasa, 200 km of roads and bridges will be reinforced. In addition, about 426 km of transmission lines will be built to connect and supply power to the national electric grid. Kenya will have 30% more total installed power.

Box 2: Inga Dam, DRCto various regions of the African continent, in order to promote the security of supply and the electrical energy independence of Africa.Harnessing the potential of Inga would also help constitute an interconnected electrical grid and thus permit the development of a real energy market on the continent.

The Bank is financing a study to examine the feasibility of the optimal development of the hydroelectric potential of the Inga site (upto 39,000MW) and the construction of the associated transmission infrastructure with a view to satisfying the electricity needs of the Democratic Republic of Congo and the supply of power

Box 3: Souapiti Hydropower, OMVGThe energy to be produced about 750 MW by this site will be evacuated through loop HT 225 having to connect both Guinea and Senegal which falls within the regional integration priorities of the Gambia River Basin Development Organization (OMVG). The regulation of the water flow will also enhance power production from the Kaléta facility.

Guinea and Senegal have jointly agreed to develop the hydroelectric potential of Souapiti located in Guinea. The two countries signed a draft-agreement and transmitted to the Bank in May 2006. The Souapiti site is located between two other hydro facilities (upstream from the Kaléta installation and downstream from that of Garafiri).

Supporting Regional Integrationthrough Energy Development

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• Manage coastal zone including protecting coastal wetlands and forests, coastal land use planning and provide “hard” engineering solutions to protect existing urban communities and economic infrastructure.• Improve health delivery infrastructure in particular for vector-borne diseases; coordination, planning, prioritization and monitoring of programs.• Climate proof Bank supported infrastructure.

An indicative list of the Bank’s portfolio to support climate resilient development for 2010-2014 is presented in Annex 1.

MitigationConcrete actions are needed now for the continent to chart a low-carbon development pathway. Opportunities for mitigation exist in the energy, land use and forestry sectors. The core elements of the Bank’s mitigation interventions include: i) develop renewable energy sources and energy efficiency practices; ii) implement initiatives to improve sustainable transport; iii) promote sustainable land use and forestry management practices, and iv) support Regional Member Countries to develop and implement Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs).

• Renewable Energy

Africa has the world’s lowest electrification rate. Nearly 75% of the African population -- lack access to electricity. The demand for access to modern energy in Africa is growing faster than the supply. Developing Africa’s abundant renewable energy resources is one of the priorities of the African Development Bank. Broadening the supply of low-cost environmentally clean energy to more people and developing renewable forms of energy to diversify the sources for generating electric power are major priorities. The Bank’s CEIF, which was approved in 2008, provides a clear guide toward this goal. See Boxes 1-5 for some of the clean energy projects financed by the African Development Bank.

The Bank’s focus is on massively supporting irrigation schemes to wean Africa from rainfed agriculture and the associated impacts that come with it. New irrigation systems adapted to climatic uncertainties are needed. The Bank’s focus is to support irrigation infrastructure to enhance agricultural productivity.

As climate change makes water an increasingly precious commodity in Africa’s rapidly growing urban centres, expanded water and water services will be needed to avoid the projected water stress from climate change, where 300 million of people are projected to live with water stress by 2020.

Climate resilient growth strategies will necessarily vary from country to country, but the Bank’s portfolio remains focused on clear objectives.• Improve agricultural, grazing and forest land management practices to strengthen both productivity and resilience, including addressing soil degradation through better soil/moisture and vegetation conservation, watershed management and more productive technologies.

• Prepare and plan for floods and droughts and extreme weather events; improve meteorological and hydrological information; water resource and river basin management including water resource development (e.g. dams and irrigation) and management (e.g. riverine wetland/floodplain protection); urban drainage/solid waste management, flood protection and urban land use planning.

Of 1620 GW of known exploitablehydropower capacityin sub-Saharan Africa,

less than 7% has been developed.

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Box 4: GIBE III Hydropowerprovides generating capacity to meet domestic demand and increase exports of electricity to neighboring Kenya. The direct benefits of this project will be 1,870 MW of electrical power and 6,400 GWh of firm energy per year. The project is estimated at €1.58 billion.

The Gibe III scheme is located within the Gibe-Omo River Basin, in the middle reach of the Omo River around 450 km by road south of Addis Ababa. Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCO) is currently focusing on developing the country’s hydroelectric potential and the Gibe III scheme

Box 5: Ain Beni Mathar Solar Thermal Plantstudy was commissioned for a solar thermal power station in the regions of Ouarzazate and Taroudant, located in the centre-south of the country where there is enough sunshine to justify the construction of such a power station. The project was approved by the board in December 2007.

The construction of the Ain Beni Mathar solar thermal combined cycle power station was consistent with the programme of the National Electricity Authority (ONE) to extend electric power generation facilities and develop renewable forms of energy. The project was initiated in 1994 when a pre-feasibility

Africa’s rate of deforestation is about twice the world rate, and the continent is losing more than 4 million hectares of forest cover every year. Deforestation and poor agricultural practices account for about 65% of Africa’s emissions, Addressing climate change requires action in reversing deforestation in the continent The Bank has invested substantially in preserving Africa’s forests, and contributed substantially to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in the Congo Basin Forests. AfDB hosts and manages the Congo Basin Forest Fund (Box 6). Bank’s portfolio in forest management is presented in Annex 3.

Box 6: The Congo Basin Forest Fundprotect the world’s second largest rainforest,whichcovers an estimated 200 million hectares. The forests store an estimated 500 million tonnes of carbon dioxide per year and contain an estimated 25-30 billion tons of carbon, or roughly 4 years of current global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. In these forests, the Bank Group has financed about 100 operations worth approximately US$ 2.8 billion.

The Congo Basin Forest Fund was created to alleviate poverty and address climate change by reducing the rate of deforestation. It is hosted by the African Development Bank and supported by the Governments of The United Kingdom and Norway. The Fund awards grants to eligible entities for activities that slow and eventually reverse the rate of deforestation in the Congo Basin Forest and provide support mechanisms to

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• Susstainable Transport

The Bank’s interventions will support the development of sustainable and low carbon intensive transport and implement public mass transit and rail transportation projects. The proposed Nairobi Metropolitan Transit System (Nairobi Metro) is one such project that will help develop a sustainable urban public transit system for the Nairobi Metropolitan Area. Support will also be provided to RMCs to implement appropriate fiscal and regulatory frameworks to promote sustainable transport. Annex 4 lists Bank sustainable transport projects.

Knowledge and Capacity DevelopmentThe Bank has successfully mainstreamed climate change into some of its sector policies. The recently approved Agriculture Sector Strategy, the Water Business Plan and the Integrated Urban Development Strategy are examples. The Integrated Urban Development Strategy seeks to promote sustainable waste management and low-carbon transport as major interventions. Also important, climate change considerations will be at the center of the planned Bank Group’s Energy Sector Strategy.

The Bank is engaged in generating knowledge and supporting regulatory reforms in RMCs and has developed a series of tools and products to assess and address climate risks and uncertainties in its investments in agriculture, infrastructure, and health.

Knowledge is critical; the capacity to use the knowledge to inform, plan for, and respond to climate change must be increased. Reliable and appropriate climate information is also critical in designing policies in all countries, especially in the climate-sensitive sectors.

To this end, the Bank is implementing the ClimDev-Africa Programme, in collaboration with the African Union Commission and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. The African Development Bank is building capacity in African countries to mainstream climate change into national development plans. For example, in Cape Verde, Sao Tome and Guinea Bissau, the Bank, in partnership with the Portuguese Trust Fund, is supporting climate-resilient national development plans, so that all future projects in these countries will be climate-proofed.

The African Development Bank is financing a $30 million institutional support project designed to strengthen the institutional capacities of four African regional climate centers: the African Centre of Meteorological

Applications for Development (ACMAD), the Agro-meteorology and Hydrology Regional Centre (AGRHYMET), IGAD Climate Prediction and Application Centre (ICPAC) and the Drought Monitoring Centre (DMC). This support will enhance the technical ability and expertise of African climate scientists to generate the necessary climate information to assess climate risk and quantify climatic trends. This support will be extended to National Meteorological Agencies as climate information is fundamental to planning at all levels.

Partnerships and Financing Options.Climate change is a global challenge that no single organization can address comprehensively. To implement its climate change interventions in Africa, the Bank is working with several partners and funding mechanisms, including other Multilateral Development Banks, UN organizations, and Bilateral development agencies.

The Bank’s internal resources are grossly insufficient to implement its pipeline of projects. Additional resources are anticipated from the Copenhagen Green Fund, the Climate Investment Fund, the Global Environment Facility and the Adaptation Fund.

The African Development Bank has steadily strengthened its capacity and re-organized itself to be able to address climate change risks and deliver sustained development benefits to the continent. Most recently, it created a Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Change to enhance its climate change interventions. As the number of envisioned projects and programs increases, internal Bank capacity wil be expanded commensurately.

Box 4: GIBE III Hydropowerprovides generating capacity to meet domestic demand and increase exports of electricity to neighboring Kenya. The direct benefits of this project will be 1,870 MW of electrical power and 6,400 GWh of firm energy per year. The project is estimated at €1.58 billion.

The Gibe III scheme is located within the Gibe-Omo River Basin, in the middle reach of the Omo River around 450 km by road south of Addis Ababa. Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCO) is currently focusing on developing the country’s hydroelectric potential and the Gibe III scheme

Box 5: Ain Beni Mathar Solar Thermal Plantstudy was commissioned for a solar thermal power station in the regions of Ouarzazate and Taroudant, located in the centre-south of the country where there is enough sunshine to justify the construction of such a power station. The project was approved by the board in December 2007.

The construction of the Ain Beni Mathar solar thermal combined cycle power station was consistent with the programme of the National Electricity Authority (ONE) to extend electric power generation facilities and develop renewable forms of energy. The project was initiated in 1994 when a pre-feasibility

Africa’s rate of deforestation is about twice the world rate, and the continent is losing more than 4 million hectares of forest cover every year. Deforestation and poor agricultural practices account for about 65% of Africa’s emissions, Addressing climate change requires action in reversing deforestation in the continent The Bank has invested substantially in preserving Africa’s forests, and contributed substantially to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in the Congo Basin Forests. AfDB hosts and manages the Congo Basin Forest Fund (Box 6). Bank’s portfolio in forest management is presented in Annex 3.

Box 6: The Congo Basin Forest Fundprotect the world’s second largest rainforest,whichcovers an estimated 200 million hectares. The forests store an estimated 500 million tonnes of carbon dioxide per year and contain an estimated 25-30 billion tons of carbon, or roughly 4 years of current global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. In these forests, the Bank Group has financed about 100 operations worth approximately US$ 2.8 billion.

The Congo Basin Forest Fund was created to alleviate poverty and address climate change by reducing the rate of deforestation. It is hosted by the African Development Bank and supported by the Governments of The United Kingdom and Norway. The Fund awards grants to eligible entities for activities that slow and eventually reverse the rate of deforestation in the Congo Basin Forest and provide support mechanisms to

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Projects and Programmes

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Current Projects Pipeline

Climate-resilient Develpment Projects and ProgrammesAnnex 1.LOCATION PROJECT Cost in Millions of US$

Eritrea Agricultural Support Programme: Water harvesting, irrigation development, and natural resources managementto support climate change adaptation

30.4

Gambia Participatory Integrated Watershed Management Project: Increasing land productivity, reducing soil erosion,enhancing household food security to build adaptive capacity to climate change

22.8

Kenya Livestock Disease-free Zone Infrastructure Support Health Project: Infrastructure improvement in the Laikipia-Izolo Complex Zone to improve adaptive capacity in the livestock sector

33.4

Madagascar Lower Mangoky Project: Rehabilitation and extention of irrigation infrastructure to cover 6,000 hectares of land 30.4

Malawi

Agriculture Development Programme/Infrastructure Support Project: Increasing irrigation and efficient agricultural water management Climate Adaptation for Rural Livelihoods and Agriculture: Improving climate resilience to current and future climatic change through adaptation measuresLower Shire Valley Project: Building a gravity-fed irrigation system from the Shire River, expanding coverage and providing complementary infrastructure and services. Integrated Natural Resources Management Project: Contributing to sustainable management of natural resources, improving livelihoods, and managing biodiversity

22.8

16.0

152.0

45.6

Mali

Bani and Selingue Irrigation Project: Infrastructure development, Capacity Building, and Support to Local Initia-tives to build adaptive capacity to climate changeIrrigation Development Project in Bani and Selingue: Developing 40,000 ha of irrigation landSustainable Management of Natural Resources: Improving soil productivity, increasing agricultural and animal productions in the agriculture sector

218.8

418.045.6

Morocco

National Project to Preserve Irrigation Water: Developing water irrigation infrastructure for 20,000 ha Support For National Irrigation Water Economy ProgrammeDevelopment of Small and Medium Hydraulic in MoroccoSouthern Morocco Oasis infrastructure Improvement: Improving infrastructure to preserve water and soils in the oasisModern Irrigation infrastructure Project: Modernization of three additional hydraulic basins in Morocco: Moulouya, Loukkos et El Ghjarb

76.0106.460.853.2

228.0

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Annexes

Climate-resilient Develpment Projects and ProgrammesAnnex 1.LOCATION PROJECT Cost in Millions of USD

Burkina Faso Sustainable management of natural resources in the region of Mouhoun Support Project: Improving sustainable natural resources management hrough promotion of decentralization

60.8

Botswana

Water Harvesting and recycling for small-scale irrigation: Improving agricultural production in developing ruralinfrastructure and water harvestingPandamatenga Agriculture Infrastructure Development Project: Developing a water drainage system and new road network to improve access to 27,500 ha of farmland.

22.8

56.6

Cape VerdeWatershed Development Project: Reduction of rural povertythrough water mobilisation and valorisation, soil protection for income improvement, and increasing livelihoods to withstand climate change.

22.8

Chad

Lake Chad Sustainable Development Support Programme: Cleaning up Vrick canal, increasing the volume of water, and restoring the productivity of ecosystemsRural infrastruture, pastoral land and transhumance Project: Improving hydro-agricultural infrastructures around Lake Chad, and providing enhanced access to drinking water and sanitation

95.0

22.8

Democratic Republic of Congo

Water Harvesting and Recycling for Small Scale Irrigation Project: Developing infrastructure to improve agricultural production in DRC

22.8

Egypt

Nubaria Ismailia Canal Improvement Project: Creating efficient water control and management systems to improve sustainable use of land and water resourcesPumping Stations Rehabilitation Program: Rehabilitation of 12 pumping stations in Lower and Upper Egypt for reliable, stable irrigation of 20,000 hectares.Rehabilitation of Zefta Dam Project: Controlling water levels, and expanding irrigated area by 100,000 hectares Coastal Protection Project: Protecting the Western branch of the Nile Delta, and incorporating adaptation measures to combat the possible impact of climate change.West Delta Project Phase I: Creating a conveyance system of 50,000 ha in the West Delta to guarantee adequate irrigated water for cultivated areas.Integrated Irrigation Improvement Management Programme: Modernization of on-farm irrigation and conveyance systems in the Nile Delta and valley

182.4

228.0

699.253.2

380.0

197.6

Current Projects Pipeline Projects serving both adaptation and mitigation purposes *

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Clean, Renewable Energy and Energy Efciency Projects Annex 2.COUNTRY COUNTRY PROJECTS Cost in US $ millionsCape Verde Power transmission and distribution 15.0

Côte d’Ivoire Network rehabilitation 46.0

Djibouti Wind Farm: 60 MW capacity 130.0

Egypt Wind Farm: 250 MW capacity 340.0

Ethiopia GIBE III Hydropower: 1870 MW to meet domestic demand and increase hydropower to Kenya 1580.0

Gabon L’Empress Hydroelectric Project: 42MW with associated transmission lines 76.0

Guinea Souapiti Hydropower Plant: 750MW that contribute to regional integration by interconnection with SenegalTransmission network rehabilitation and extension

1200.038.0

Kenya Turkana Wind Farm: 300 MW capacity 460.0

Madagascar Sahanivotry Hydropower Plant: 15 MW capacity 18.6

Mauritius Mauritius Wind Farm: 60 MW capacity 110.0

MoroccoTarfaya Wind Farm: 300 MW capacityOlea Capital: Agro-industrial field projectPower transmission project

480.0235.0152.0

South Africa

ESKOM Utility Wind Power: up to 200 MWESKOM Solar Thermal Power: 540 MW First commercial-scale concentrating solar power plant.Evolution One: Clean Investment Private Equity Fund

300.0875.0125.0

Uganda

Isimba Hydro Power Plat: 138 MWBujagali Hydropower Plant: 250 MWBuseruka Hydropower Plant: 9 MWPower transmission project

600.0820.027.053.0

Zambia Itezhi-Tezhi Hydro Power Plant: 120 MW using existing dam 390.0

Climate-resilient Develpment Projects and ProgrammesAnnex 1.LOCATION PROJECT Cost in Millions of US$

MozambiqueCOFAMOSA Sugar Cane Project: Developing 10,000 ha of irrigated land to produce sugar and ethanol *Massingir Dam Emergency Rehabilitation Project: Rehabilitating bottom outlet structure to irrigate 40,000hectares of land and produce 40 MW of energy

152.034.9

Multinational

Institutional Support Project to African Regional Climate Centers: Strengthen the institutional capacityof 4 climate regional centers in order to generate climate information for development planningBaro-Akobo-Sobat Multi-Purpose Water Resources Development Project (Nile Basin region)Capacity Building for Agriculture Ministries: Development of institutional, organizational and human resourcesFomi and Taoussa Dams/irrigation component: Extending land, increasing productivity of irrigated areas, and improving food securityRegional System of Agricultural Research Development Project: Rehabilitation of regional scientific laboratories, and development of an integrated scientific and technical network to support climate change actionsProtection of Ecosystems in the Senegal OMVS Basin Project: Improving sustainable use of natural resources, poverty reduction of the waterside populations, restoration of ecosystems, management of aquatic resourcesIntegrated Programme of Sustainable Development of the Niger Basin Project: Improving living conditions, participative management of natural resources, development of socioeconomic infrastructures, integrated water resources managementSambangalou Dam: Senegal-Gambia River Basin: Building two dams to produce 128 MW of electricity, and irrigate 6,000 ha of land *Integrated Development of Bugesera Region (Rwanda-Burundi) Project: Increasing sustainable agricultural production and improve living conditions in 5000 hectares.PATTEC Project: Creating sustainable tsetse-and-trypanosomiasis-free areas to help eradicate tsetse and trypanosomiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda)

30.0

850.0228.0451.0

30.4

45.6

106.4

456.0

60.8

121.6

NamibiaNorthern Communal and Rural Infrastructure Development Project: Improvement of rural infrastructure and markets, cold chains and agro-processing facilities

39.5

Niger

Kandadji Ecosystems Regeneration Project and Niger Valley Improvement: Regulation of Niger River flow in order to irrigate 6,800 ha of land and produce 130 MW of energy *Maradi Water Mobilization Project: Mobilizing water, promoting irrigated gardens, restoring degraded land and combating erosion in the basins

283.0

15.2

Tunisia

Water Sector Investment Program: Developing infrastructure and improving the use of water resources toensure their sustainability in 22,500 hectares of land to integrate climate change issues.PISEAU Programme: Management of irrigation, drinking water supply, groundwater management, environmental protection

185.4

38.0

ZambiaIrrigation Infrastructure Project Support: Developing rural infrastructure to support agricultural productionLivestock Infrastructure Support: Improvement of agricultural production and market infrastructure in areas tobe declared livestock diseases free zones

152.025.8

Zimbabwe

Zhove Small holder Irrigation Project: Conveyance of water to irrigate about 2520 ha of land, providing drainageand installing 10 sand abstraction pumping units to irrigate 170 hectares of landDande Smallholder Irrigation Project: Building dam and associated structures, irrigation networks, drainage systems and supportive infrastructure, and providing credit Small Holder Irrigation Project

38.0

42.5

45.6


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Clean, Renewable Energy and Energy Efciency Projects Annex 2.COUNTRY MULTINATIONAL PROJECTS Cost in US $ millionsCEEAC countries Transmission interconnection 304.0

Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania

Rusumo Falls Hydroelectric Power Project: 75 MW, with 3 national grids connected by transmission lines 250.0

DRC, Rwanda, Burundi

Ruzizi Hydropower project (145 MW): meet energy needs of adjacent areas of the 3 countries 253.0

Côte d’Ivoire, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea

Interconnection and Hydro power generation - CLSG: 1360 km high voltage transmission lineBumbuna: Construction of a hydropower plant with an estimated capacity of 225-275 MWMt Coffee Power Plant: 64 MW

445.0457.0162.0

East AfricaEast Africa Tea Factories : 80MW Small hydro programEast Africa Sugar Factories : 80 MW Agro-waste cogeneration

160.0140.0

ECOWAS Transmission interconnection 76.0

Ethiopia-Kenya Transmission interconnection 304.0

Ghana-Burkina-Mali Transmission interconnection 152.0

Guinea, Guinea Bissau,Senegal, Gambia

OMVG Energy Program: Installation of 2 hydroelectric power generating stations:128MW installed capacity inSambangalou, Senegal; 240 MW capacity in Kaleta, Guinea

620.0

Multinational Boali Transmission Interconnection 106.0

Multinational Central African Backbone Transmission Interconnection 85.0

Zambia-Tanzania-Kenya Transmission Interconnection 182.0

Clean Technolgy Fund

Country Sector CTF allocation(million US$)

AfDB Allocation(million US$)

Egypt Energy and Transport 300.0 50.0

Morocco Energy and Transport 150.0 50.0

Nigeria Energy and Transport 200.0 100.0

South Africa Energy 500.0 175.0

Middle East and North Africa region (Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia)

Concentrated Solar Power 750.0 250.0

��

LOCATION PROJECT Cost (US$ millions)

Cameroun

Reforestation of degraded areas, and valorization of non timber forest products in the Maritime Sanaga regionPartnerships for community forests developmentAchieving Conservation and Improving Livelihoods through the Sustainable Management of Community- based Forest Operations in CameroonAlternatives to Mangrove Destruction for Women’s Livelihoods in Central Africa

0.31.71.6

0.3

DemocraticRepublic ofCongo

Preservation of Congo Basin Ecosystems Support Project: Providing sustainable livelihoods, slowing rate of deforestation, preserving biodiversitySustainable and Innovative Use and Management of Forest ResourcesPhasing out slash-and-burn farming with BiocharThe Sankuru Community “Fair Trade” Carbon Initiative: Innovative Management of ForestsWorking with communities to reduce deforestation and alleviate poverty in the Virunga-Hoyo region,Bonobo Conservation in the Equator province of DRCIntegrated REDD Project around the Luki Biosphere Reserve - Mayombe ForestPilot REDD geographically integrated Eco-Markala ProjectPilot integrated REDD Project in Isangi REDD-Pilot Integrated Agro-Forestry Project in South-KwanmouthPilot integrated Project in the Mambasa South regionCivil Society and Government Capacity Building within the REDD Framework: Equator Province, DRCREDD Integrated Pilot Project in Maring-Lopori Wamba landscapeImplementing Local community Forests in DRCAgro-Forestry Community Project in Bateke Highlands, Bas-Congo

56.6

1.40.41.73.11.83.03.13.53.53.44.53.37.67.8

Ghana Community Forestry Management Project: Halting the process of degradation while restoring sustainable natural resource management

13.0

Kenya Green Zones project: Promoting forest regeneration and conservation for environmental protection 36.0

Multinational

Stabilizing carbon emissions in the Sangha Tri-National forest complex through sustainable financing and improved livelihoods *Promoting Community Land Tenure Rights in the Congo BasinBuilding the foundations for success; ensuring community participation is at the heart of REDD+Quantifying carbon stocks and emissions in the forests of Cameroon and the Republic of Congo

0.8

0.72.11.6

UgandaFarm Income Enhancement and Forest Conservation Project: Re-vegetating 9,900 ha of degraded watershed, protecting 99,000 hectares of natural forests and establishing 13,500 ha of tree plantations

78.0

Sustainable Land Use, Forestry and REDD Projects and ProgrammesAnnex 3.


24

Clean, Renewable Energy and Energy Efciency Projects Annex 2.COUNTRY MULTINATIONAL PROJECTS Cost in US $ millionsCEEAC countries Transmission interconnection 304.0

Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania

Rusumo Falls Hydroelectric Power Project: 75 MW, with 3 national grids connected by transmission lines 250.0

DRC, Rwanda, Burundi

Ruzizi Hydropower project (145 MW): meet energy needs of adjacent areas of the 3 countries 253.0

Côte d’Ivoire, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea

Interconnection and Hydro power generation - CLSG: 1360 km high voltage transmission lineBumbuna: Construction of a hydropower plant with an estimated capacity of 225-275 MWMt Coffee Power Plant: 64 MW

445.0457.0162.0

East AfricaEast Africa Tea Factories : 80MW Small hydro programEast Africa Sugar Factories : 80 MW Agro-waste cogeneration

160.0140.0

ECOWAS Transmission interconnection 76.0

Ethiopia-Kenya Transmission interconnection 304.0

Ghana-Burkina-Mali Transmission interconnection 152.0

Guinea, Guinea Bissau,Senegal, Gambia

OMVG Energy Program: Installation of 2 hydroelectric power generating stations:128MW installed capacity inSambangalou, Senegal; 240 MW capacity in Kaleta, Guinea

620.0

Multinational Boali Transmission Interconnection 106.0

Multinational Central African Backbone Transmission Interconnection 85.0

Zambia-Tanzania-Kenya Transmission Interconnection 182.0

Clean Technolgy Fund

Country Sector CTF allocation(million US$)

AfDB Allocation(million US$)

Egypt Energy and Transport 300.0 50.0

Morocco Energy and Transport 150.0 50.0

Nigeria Energy and Transport 200.0 100.0

South Africa Energy 500.0 175.0

Middle East and North Africa region (Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia)

Concentrated Solar Power 750.0 250.0

�026

Sustainable Transport ProjectsAnnex 4.

Country Project Cost US$ billions

Burundi, Rwanda, Tanzania Dar Es Salam- Isaka-Kigali/ Keza-Musongati Railway Project (700Km): Connect the two landlockedcountries Rwanda and Burundi to the Tanzanian railway network and to the Port of Dar –Es-Salaam,Tanzania

3.5

Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan Lamu Corridor Railway (2500 km): Enhance the capacity of the transport transport sector in order to improve its efficiency, cost effectiveness and competitiveness and to facilitate rapid economic growth in the Region

6.0

Kenya Mombasa Railway Corridor (1500km): Enhance the capacity of the transport sector in order to improve its effi-ciency, cost effectiveness and competitiveness and to facilitate rapid economic growth in the RegionNairobi Metropolitan Transit System (Nairobi Metro): Contribute to the development of a sustainable urban publictransit system for the Nairobi Metropolitan Area

4.0

1.0

Morocco High Speed Tanger-Kenitra Railway Project (200 km): Develop a sustainable railway transport system to strengthen economic development of the Northern Region

2.4

Tunisia High Speed North South Railway Project (500 km): Connect the railway Tunis - Ghardimaou to the Libyan boarder (Ras Jedir) via Gabès, this will complete the missing link of the Trans-Maghreban train

1.3

28

The African Development Bank Group

The African Development Bank is a multilateral development finance institution owned by 77 member countries, 53 African and 24 non-African countries. Its mission is to help reduce poverty, improve living conditions for Africans and mobilize resources for the continent’s economic and social development. The Bank assists African countries individually and collectively to achieve sustainable economic development and social progress.

For further information contact:Dr. Anthony Nyong, Head

Gender, Climate Change and Sustainable Development Unit [email protected]

c AfDB 2010www.afdb.org

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