summarizing your work

7/28/2019 Summarizing your Work

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SUMMARIZING


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Definition:

taking larger selections of text and reducingthem to their bare essentials: the gist, the keyideas, the main points that are worth notingand remembering.

Websters definition is: "general idea in briefform"; it's the distillation, condensation, or

reduction of a larger work into its primarynotions


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SUMMARIZING,

PARAPHRASING, AND

QUOTINGThe Writing Connection


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Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and

Quoting

You can borrow from the works of otherwriters as you research.

As a good writer, you should summarize,

paraphrase and quote to blend sourcematerials in with your own.

But you should make sure your own voice is

heard!


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Quotations

Use quotations when: You want to add the power of an authors words

to support your argument

You want to disagree with an authors argument

You would to highlight powerful phrases orpassages

You are comparing and contrasting specificpoints of view

You want to note the important research thatprecedes your own


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Paraphrasing

Paraphrase when:

You plan to use information on your note cards

and wish to avoid plagiarizing

You want to avoid overusing quotations

You want to use your own voice to present

information


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Summarizing

Summarize when:

You want to establish background or offer an

overview of a topic

You want to describe common knowledge (fromseveral sources) about a topic

You want to determine the main ideas of a single

source


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SummarizingWhy do it?

Comprehension:

To reduce information to essential ideas in orderto:

Understand and learn important information

Communication:

To reduce information to essential ideas in order

to: Expand the breadth or depth of your writing


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THE PROCESS

Using the MIDAS Touch!


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M Main idea:Identify main idea from TOPIC SENTENCE (if there isone) or use BASIC SIGNAL WORDS

IIdentify SUPPORTING DETAILS

D Disregard unimportant information

A Analyze redundant information

S Simplify, categorize, and label important information


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Establishing a focus

The main idea is the most importantinformation or concept in a text orstatement.

Sometimes the main idea is explicit;sometimes it is implied.

Not all information is equal: some of itclearly is more important than the rest.

Templeton, 1997


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Using basic signal words

WHO?(subject)

WHAT?

(action)

WHERE?

(location)

WHEN?

(time)

WHY?

(reason)

HOW?

(process)


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Main Idea

SupportingDetail

SupportingDetail

SupportingDetail


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Topic Sentences

The TOPIC SENTENCE is usually the first sentenceof the paragraph. It gives the reader an idea ofwhat the paragraph is going to be about.


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Topic Sentences cont.

However, the TOPIC SENTENCE may notalways be so clearly stated, and it can come inthe middle or end of a paragraph, not just itsbeginning.

Regardless, all TOPIC SENTENCES aresupported by sentences that give details to

develop the MAIN IDEA.


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SUMMARIZING

Lets practiceOne paragraph at a time


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Main idea and supporting details

Tornado ispowerful, twisting

windstorm

Part of giant

storm cloud Frightening

Also called

twisteror cyclone


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Sentence Summary

Tornadoes are frightening,powerful, twisting windstormssometimes called twisters orcyclones that start in giant stormclouds.


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Tornadoes cont

Tornadoes are not the only whirling windstormsthat move through the earths air. Dustdevils, hurricanes and typhoons all havetwisting winds. But these windstorms differfrom tornadoes in important ways.


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Main idea and supporting

details

Dust devils, hurricanes,and typhoons have

twisting winds

Whirling windstorms Differ from tornadoes


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Sentence Summary

Dust devils, hurricanes and typhoons

also have twisting winds, but they aredifferent from tornadoes.


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Tornadoes cont

Dust devils are the weakest of the swirlingwindstorms. Their winds usually spin between 12and 30 miles per hour. Most dust devils are lessthan five feet across, and few last more than a

minute or two. They are often seen in the desertunder clear skies. Dust devils form near groundwhen certain kinds of winds make hot, rising airstart to spin.


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Main idea and supporting details

Dust devils areweakest of

swirling windstorms

Less than 30 mph Five ft. across Last minute or two


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Sentence summary

Compared to other wind storms, dust devils arethe weakest and least severe.


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Hurricanes and typhoons are the largest of theswirling windstorms. The winds of these storms

blow about 75 to 150 miles per hour. They form overwarm, tropical oceans and cause heavy rains as wellas strong winds. When a tropical storm like thisbegins over the Atlantic Ocean or the eastern PacificOcean, it is called a hurricane. The same kind ofstorm in the western Pacific Ocean or Indian Oceanis called a typhoon. Hurricanes and typhoons maybe several hundred miles wide, travel thousands ofmiles and last for days.


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details

Hurricanes andtyphoons are largest

Winds of 75-150 mph

Several hundred

miles wide

Travel thousands of

miles, last for days


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Sentence Summary

In contrast, hurricanes and typhoons are the

largest windstorms since they may behundreds of miles wide, travel very fast forthousands of miles and can last for days.


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Tornadoes are not as large as hurricanes andtyphoons and they dont travel as far. In fact,many tornadoes last only a few minutes. Butthe spinning winds of a tornado can rip

through the air at up to 300 miles per hour.The winds of a large tornado are the fastest,most dangerous winds on earth.


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details

Winds of largetornado are

fastest, most dangerous

winds on earth

Last few minutes 300 mph


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Sentence Summary

The bottom line is this:

although they are not as large as hurricanes andtyphoons, tornadoes are the fastest, mostdangerous windstorms.


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Resources

Purdue Online Writing Lab:

http://owl.english.purdue.edu/

Summarizing, Paraphrasing, and Quoting:

http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/sumparquo.htmlEnglish Language Center Study Zone:

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/reading/index.htm
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/sumparquo.htmlhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/reading/index.htmhttp://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/410/reading/index.htmhttp://mciu.org/~spjvweb/sumparquo.htmlhttp://owl.english.purdue.edu/

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