SUMMARIZING & PARAPHRASINGModule 2: Interpretive Comprehension

By: Abdulkadir, Norhaina Corilla, Vanessa

What isPARAPHRASING?

PARAPHRASING - is the act of re-stating a passageor a reading material. - a tool to achieve interpretivecomprehension.

“STEPS IN PARAPHRASING”

Reading Understanding the text Getting the main idea Saying the idea in your own words

“IMPORTANT USES OFPARAPHRASING”

• To capture important ideas.• To deliver important ideas in your own words.• To clarify important ideas.• To simplify and facilitate understanding of complex ideas.

What isSUMMARIZING?

SUMMARIZING- is expressing the writer’s

idea in very short form.- it is the preparation of a

short account of important details from a reading material.

“STEPS IN SUMMARIZING” Gather all the important details

from the reading selection. Identify the main idea of each

paragraph. Piece together the main ideas to

form central idea. Express the central idea in the

shortest way possible.

“RWANDA’S STRUGGLE TO RECOVER FROM GENOCIDE”

BY: GERARD PRUMER

This is a modern-day holocaust where thousands of people were killed while the international community and United Nations adopted a “wait and see” attitude. Trace the start of a bloody conflict in a country divided by distrust between its people, the Hutus and the Tutsis.

The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 genocidal mass slaughter of an estimated 800,000 people in the East African state of Rwanda. Over the course of approximately 100 days (from the assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira on April 6 through mid-July) over 500,000 people were killed, according to a Human Rights Watch estimate.[1] Estimates of the death toll have ranged from 500,000–1,000,000,[2] or as much as 20% of the country's total population. It was the culmination of longstanding ethnic competition and tensions between the minority Tutsi, who had controlled power for centuries, and the majority Hutu peoples, who had come to power in the rebellion of 1959–62.

In 1990, the Rwandan Patriotic Front, a rebel group composed mostly of Tutsi refugees, invaded northern Rwanda from Uganda in an attempt to defeat the Hutu-led government. They began the Rwandan Civil War, fought between the Hutu regime, with support from Francophone Africa and France,[4][5] and the RPF, with support from Uganda. This exacerbated ethnic tensions in the country. In response, many Hutu gravitated toward the Hutu Power ideology, with the prompting of state-controlled and independent Rwandan media.

As an ideology, Hutu Power asserted that the Tutsi intended to enslave the Hutu and must be resisted at all costs. Continuing ethnic strife resulted in the rebels' displacing large numbers of Hutu in the north, plus periodic localized Hutu killings of Tutsi in the south. International pressure on the Hutu-led government of Juvénal Habyarimana resulted in a cease-fire in 1993. He planned to implement the Arusha Accords.

The assassination of Habyarimana in April 1994 set off a violent reaction, during which Hutu groups conducted mass killings of Tutsis (and also pro-peace Hutus, who were portrayed as "traitors" and "collaborators"). This genocide had been planned by members of the Hutu power group known as the Akazu, many of whom occupied positions at top levels of the national government; the genocide was supported and coordinated by the national government as well as by local military and civil officials and mass media. Alongside the military, primary responsibility for the killings themselves rests with two Hutu militias that had been organized for this purpose by political parties: the Interahamwe and Impuzamugambi, although once the genocide was underway a great number of Hutu civilians took part in the murders.

It was the end of the peace agreement. The Tutsi RPF restarted their offensive, defeating the army and seizing control of the country.

HUTUS & TUTSISHUTUS

TUTSIS

RWANDA DURING GENOCIDE

RWANDA DURING GENOCIDE

RWANDA AFTER GENOCIDE

President Kagame

RWANDA AFTER GENOCIDE