succeeding with technology chapter 7

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Basic Data Management Concepts Organizing Data in a Database Database Management Systems Using Database Systems in

Organizations Database Trends Managing Databases

Database Systems

Chapter 7


The Value of Databases Databases are a key ingredient of

today’s most popular Internet services, and the backbone of our information-driven economy.


Key Terms DBMS Field Record File Primary Key

Basic Data Management Concepts


Database Management System (DBMS)

A DBMS consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and the user or the database and application programs.

Front End

Back End


Database A collection of data organized to meet user’s

needs.

Field

Record

File or Table


Database Fields

Fields are set to hold specific types of data.


Database Hierarchy


Keys and Primary Key Key: A field in a record

that is used to identify the record

Primary key: A field that uniquely identifies a recordA primary key field

prevents duplicate records from occurring in a table.


Primary Keys


Simple but Restrictive DBMS


The Database Approach to Data Management


Key TermsRelational ModelData Analysis

Organizing Data in a Database


The Relational Model In a relational database, tables are linked

(related) through common fields.


Relation Types One-to-many

Most typical Makes use of primary key

One-to-one Many-to-many


Data Analysis

Data analysis is a process that involves evaluating data to identify problems with the content of a database.Consider what would happen if

CardNumber were not a primary key, and two or more customers had the same CardNumber.

Data Integrity refers to the accuracy of the data in a database.


Key TermsData IntegrityGIGOSchemaData DictionarySQL

Database Management Systems


Database Types

Flat File

Single User

Multiuser

General-Purpose

Special-Purpose

Open-Source


Single User

Only one person can use the database at any time.


Multiuser

The U.S. federal government has developed a Web-based DBMS that provides access to 100,000 federal data sources to U.S. citizens.


General & Special Purpose

General purpose can be used for large number of applications. Oracle is currently the market leader.

Special purpose is designed for one purpose or a limited number of applications.


Open-Source Database Systems

Open source DBMS offer the same advantages as all open-source software: there is strong community support, they are completely customizable, and they are free.


Database Tables Database tables can contain a few

or millions of records and fields.


Input and Output Interface Designs Designing effective interfaces is a convenient and

powerful database design feature in most database management systems.


Data Accuracy and Integrity Data accuracy means that data stored in the

database is accurate and up to date.

GIGO, or Garbage In Garbage Out, refers to the fact that inaccurate data

entered in a database will result in inaccurate information produced from

the database.


Creating a Database

A data dictionary provides a detailed description of all data used in the database.


Key Terms Data Warehouse Data Mining

Using Database Systems in Organizations


Information and Decision Support Database

systems are a valuable tool for producing information that supports decision making for people and organizations.


Data Stores Data Warehouse: A database that holds

important information from a variety of sources.

Data Mart: A small data warehouse, often developed for a specific person or purpose.

Data Mining: the process of extracting information from a data warehouse.“Connecting the dots”


Business Intelligence

Business Intelligence is the use of data mining to help increase efficiency, reduce costs, or increase profits.


Key Terms Distributed Database

Database Trends


Databases and the Internet A number of trends in

the development and use of databases and database management systems will meet these changing needs.


Distributed Database

With a distributed database, also called a virtualized database, the actual data may be spread across several databases at different locations.


Database Systems, the Internet and Networks

This online shopping site uses the Web as the front end to a database of thousands of products and reviews.

The back-end database is invisible and behind the scenes.


Key Terms Database Administrator

Managing Databases


Database Administrator

A database administrator (DBA) is a skilled and trained computer professional who directs all activities related to an organization’s database, including providing security from intruders.


Chapter 7 Questions?

succeeding with technology chapter 7

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