pointers-lea/Gemini Criminology Review and Training Center 2014

SUBJECTS: INDUSTIRIAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT & ADMINISTRATION, POLICE INTELLIGENCE AND SECRET

SERVICE, SECURITY MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION, Comparative Police System and

THE POLICE ORGANIZATION

POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

Organization- is defined as the arrangement and utilization of the total resources of personnel and materials in such

away as to make easier and to expedite the attainment of specified objectives in an efficient, effective, economical and

harmonious manner. It is the transformation of policies into-action is,” getting the job done”.

Police Organization – is a group of trained personnel in the field of public safety administration engaged in the

achievement of goals and objectives that provides the maintenance of peace and order, protection of life and property,

enforcement of the laws and the prevention of crimes.

Types of Police Organization in the Philippines- are line and staff organization.

Line Organization- is the “backbone” functions of a police department. They include such operation in patrol, criminal

investigation, and traffic control, as well as the supervision of the personnel performing those operations. The ‘line

members’ carry these.

Staff Functions – are those operations designed to the line functions. This includes planning, research, legal advice, and

internal affairs. Before, the civilian employees performed this, but now police personnel, especially in the municipal

office, already perform some of them.

Auxiliary services are classified, if they provide technical, special, and other supportive and facilitative services for

administration, and for line and other non-line elements of the department. They basically include records and

identification, communications, detention, property and evidence, and crime laboratory services.

Principles of Organization 1. Sound and clear-cut allocation of responsibilities.

2. Equitable distribution of workloads among elements and individuals.

3. Clear and unequivocal lines of authority.

Chain of command has equated meaning with the lines of authority. The chain of command provides for the

logical flow of policy, orders, reports, and information. The direction up or down is determined by the nature of the

communication. The lines of authority should be clear and direct.

4. Authority or Responsibility relationship.

5. Spans of control the more common one refers simply to the number of subordinates, of whatever rank, who

directly reports to one person; not all persons in a particular span of control need be of the same rank.

6. Unity of Command- Only one person should have charge of any particular situation or activity, of course no

person should report to more than one other person. Unity of command is essential to the harmonious and productive

pursuit of the defined goals.

7. Coordination of Effort

Coordination is an essential product of command.

8. Administrative Control

Control by management of all facets of a department’s operations essential. Provision for it can be built

into the organization of all but small departments by creation of staff inspection elements.

POLICE MANAGEMENT

The best known of these is PODSCORB, which first appeared in the writings of Gulick and Urwick. These

means, Planning, Organizing, Directing, Staffing, Coordinating, Reporting and Budgeting.

Written Order – can be a matter of permanent record, reduces confusion to a minimum, and gives consistency

to an instruction covering personnel working at different times and in different places. It must be prepared and

distributed in advance of need.

3 Categories of Written Orders

General order – is one describing policy, program, and procedure, of broad application throughout the

agency, which will be a guiding document for a long period of time – it is binding until it is withdrawn or

modified.

Special order – can be differentiated from others since they usually are self-canceling. They apply most

often to a foreseeable event, serve to provide direction for it, and have no future usefulness.

Personnel order – only need identification. They give force and effect to such personnel actions as

appointments, assignments, transfer, promotions, and disciplinary measures.

Orders must have a basis of legality and authority. There must be a supporting legal provision based on

state law, city charter or ordinance, civil service regulations, or other lawful enactment. The person

issuing the order must be one to whom authority has been delegated for its issuance. The chief’s goal

should be full voluntary compliance with all orders.

KAEZEN – the type of management, which was developed by the Japanese management expert.

19th

Century – in this century the Spanish government looked upon the maintenance of law and order.

Cuerpo de Carabineros de Seguridad de Publica - by the Royal Decree of Dec. 20, 1884, the Carabineros de

Seguridad Publica was change to this name.

Act 175 – An act providing for the organization of Government Insular Constabulary, or Philippine

constabulary.1901

Politeia – The Greek word of Politia.

Division – smaller in size than the bureau

Bureau – this is usually the largest in a police department

Area – it refers to a big area of command of the police that consider with the political subdivision of the place.

Route – Is the path or pattern used or road to traveled or numbers of foot patrol

Units – are groups of poliemen performing specialized task

Sector – is a defined area of responsibility of a Mobile Patrol Car

Sep. 8, 1966 – the year when the Reformation and Professionalization of the police service gained its official

recognition.

Guardia Civil – the Crown created this on Feb. 12, 1852, to partially relieved the Spanish Peninsula Troops.

18th

century – the century when all civilized nation begun to institute police system.

Guardrilleros – this refers to the Rural Police assigned in the provinces of Visayas and Mindanao, which are

prone to the attack of Muslim pirates, the privates of these receiving only 3 pesos as their monthly salary.

National Police Commission – this was created under the office of the President of the Philippines for the

purpose of carrying out the objectives of R.A. 4864.

Insular Police Force – was organized on Nov. 30, 1900, this was recommended by the commission to the

Secretary of War.

NAPOLCOM – is responsible to control and administer the PNP

R.A. 6975 – DILG Act of 1990

R.A. 8551 – is known as Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998.

6 years – the term of office of the four (4) regular full-time commissioner of the NAPOLCOM

Vice Chairperson – will take over the position of the chairperson of the NAPOLCOM in case of temporary

absence of the latter.

NAPOLCOM – is responsible to administer the entrance and promotional examination for policemen.

- shall design and established a Qualifications upgrading program for the PNP officers and

members in coordination with the Civil Service Commission and Commission on Higher

Education

Regional Director – the head of the NAPOLCOM Regional Offices.

National Appellate Board – it decide cases on appeal from decision rendered by the PNP Chief

12 months – the number of months that the uniformed members of the PNP shall undergo a Field Training

Program.

Chief of the PNP – is the head of the Philippine National Police

Director General – is the highest rank in PNP

1:500 – is the police to population ratio

Planning and Research Service – is responsible to provides technical services to the NAPOLCOM

Financial Services – it provides the commission with staff advice and assistance on budgetary and financial

matters.

Crime Prevention and Coordination Services – it shall undertake criminological researches and studies.

Administrative Support Unit

Crime Laboratory – is headed by a Director with the rank of Chief Superintendent, which shall provide

scientific and technical investigative aid and support to the PNP and other government investigative agencies,

Logistics unit – Director- Chief Superintendent – shall be responsible for the procurement, distribution and

management of all the logistical requirements of the PNP including firearms and ammunition.

Communication unit – Director – C/S – shall be responsible for establishing an effective police

communications network

Computer Center – Director – C/S – shall be responsible for the design, implementation and maintenance

of a database system for the PNP

Finance center – Director – C/S – shall be responsible for providing finance services to the PNP

Civil Security unit – Director – Director- C/S – shall provide administrative services and general

supervision over the organization, business operation and activities of all organized private detectives,

watchmen, security guard agencies and company guard forces.

- shall likewise supervise the licensing and registration of firearms and explosives.

Operational Support Units

Maritime Police Unit – Director – C/S – shall perform police functions over Philippine Territorial Waters

and Rivers

Police Intelligence Unit – Director – C/S –shall serve as intelligence and counterintelligence operating unit

of the PNP

Police Security Unit – Director – C/S – shall provide security for government officials, visiting dignitaries

and private individuals authorized to be given protection

Criminal Investigation Unit – Director- C/S – shall undertake the monitoring, investigation and

prosecution of all crimes involving economic sabotage, and other crimes of such magnitude and extent as to

indicate their commission by highly placed or professional criminal syndicates and organizations.

Special Action Force – Director – C/S – shall function as a mobile strike force or reaction unit to augment

regional, provincial, municipal and city police forces for civil disturbance and control, counterinsurgency,

hostage-taking rescue operations, and other special operations.

Narcotic Unit – Director – C/S – shall enforce all laws relative to the protection of the citizenry against

dangerous and other prohibited drugs and substances.

Aviation Security Unit – Director – C/S – in coordination with airport authorities, shall secure all the

country’s airports against offensive and terroristic acts that threaten civil aviation, exercise operational control

and supervision over all agencies involved in airport security operation, and enforce all laws and regulations

relative to air travel protection and safety.

Traffic Management Unit – Director – C/S – shall enforce traffic laws and regulations.

Medical and Dental Centers – Director – C/S – shall be responsible for providing medical and dental

services for the PNP.

Civil Relations Unit – Director – C/S – shall implement plans and programs that will promote community

and citizens’ participation in the maintenance of peace and order and public safety.

Police intelligence

Strategic Intelligence – it is an intelligence activity which is primarily long range in nature with little practical immediate operation value. Line Intelligence – it is an intelligence activity that has the immediate nature and value necessary for more effective police planning and operation. National Intelligence - it is the integrated product of intelligence developed by all the governmental branches, departments concerning the broad aspect of national security and policy. It is concerned to more than one department or agency and it is not produced by single entity. It is used to coordinate all the activities of the government in developing and executing integrated and national policies and plans. Counter-Intelligence – phase of intelligence covering the activity devoted in destroying the effectiveness of hostile foreign activities and to the protection of info against espionage, subversion and sabotage. Undercover Work – is an investigative process in which disguises and pretext cover and deception are used to gain the confidence of criminal suspects for the purpose of determining the nature and extent of any criminal activities that maybe contemplating or perpetuating.

Collection – organization of raw data and information into usable form; grouping similar items of information so that they will be readily accessible. Recording – is the reduction of info into writing or some other form of graphical representation and the arranging or this info into writing or some form of graphical representation and the arranging of this into groups of related items.

Police log book and Journal Intel-work Sheet - Intel Files Situation Maps - Rouges Gallery Modus Operandi Files

Evaluation – examination of raw information to determine intelligence value, pertinence of the information, reliability of the source and agency, and its credibility or truth of information. Evaluation is the determination of the pertinence of the info to the operation, reliability of the source of or agency and the accuracy of the info. Evaluation determines the following:

Pertinence - does it hold some value to current operation? Is it needed immediately? Reliability – judging the source of info of agency Credibility – truth of info. Is it possible for the reported fact or event to have taken place? Is the report consistent within itself? Is the report confirmed or corroborated by info from different sources or agencies? If the report does not agree with info from other sources which one is more likely to be true?

The Evaluation Guide

ACCURACY OF INFORMATION

RELIABILITY OF INFORMATION

SOURCE OF INFORMATION

1- CONFIRMED by other sources

A- COMPLETE RELIABLE T- Direct Observation by Comdr/Chf of Unit

2- PROBABLY TRUE B- USUALLY RELIABLE U- Report by DPA or Resident Agent

3- POSSIBLY TRUE C- FAIRLY RELIABLE V- Report by PNP/AFP Troops

4- DOUBTFULLY TRUE D- NOT USUALLY RELIABLE W- Interrogation of Captured Enemy

5- IMPROBABLE E- UNRELIABLE X- Observation of gov’t/civilian employee

6- TRUTH can not be judged

F- REALIBILITY cannot be judged

Y/Z- Documentary

Interpretation – it is establishing the meaning and significance of the information. It involves the following activities:

Analysis – shifting and isolating those elements that have significance in light of the mission or national objective. Integration – combining the elements isolated in analysis and known information to form a logical picture or theory. Deduction – the formulation of conclusions from the theory developed, tested and considered valid – determination of effort and meaning of the information.

Overt Intelligence – is the gathering of information or documents procured openly without regard as to whether the subject or target become knowledgeable of the purpose

Covert Intelligence – is the secret procurement of information, which is obtained without the knowledge of the person or persons safeguarding vital intelligence interest.

Informants (Asset) – people selected as sources of information, which could be voluntary, or in consideration of a price.

Informant – refers to a person who gives information to the police voluntarily or involuntarily with out any consideration Informer – those who give information to the police for price or reward

Types of Informants

Criminal Informant – an informant who give information to the police pertaining to the underworld about organized criminals with the understanding that his identity will be protected Confidential Informant – is similar to the former but he gives information violate of the law to includes crimes and criminals Voluntary Informant – a type of informant who give information freely and willfully as a witness to a certain act Special Informant – those who gives information concerning specialized cases only and it is regarded a special treatment by the operatives (ex. teachers, businessmen) Anonymous Informant – those who gives information through telephone with the hope that the informant can not be identified

Undercover Assignment – is an investigative technique in which agent conceal his official identity an

obtain information from that organization

Pre-Surveillance Conference – a conference held among the team members, the police intelligence unit before surveillance is conducted. Surveillance Plan – a plan established the as required according to type of personnel, and the general and specific instructions for surveillance. Area Target Study – refers to the area of operation of surveillance activities. Surveillant – a person who conducts surveillance with includes only observations. Stakeout or Plant – is the observation of places or areas from a fixed point. Tailing or Shadowing – it is the observation of a person’s movement. Undercover Man – it refers to a person trained to observe and penetrate certain organization suspected of illegal activities and later reports the observation and information’s that proper operational action can be made Safehouse – is a place, building, enclosed mobile, or an apartment, where police undercover men meet for debriefing or reporting purposes. Drop – any person is a convenient, secure and unsuspecting place where police undercover men meet his action agent for debriefing or reporting purposes. Convoy – an accomplice or associate of the subject used to avoid or elude surveillant. Decoy – a cover supporting the surveillant who can become a convoy whenever surveillant is burned. Contact – any persons whom the subject picks or deals with while he is under observation and identifies the observer. Made – when subject under surveillance becomes aware that he is under observation and identifies the observer. Lost – when the surveillant does not know the whereabouts of his subject or the subject had eluded the surveillance.

TYPES OF SURVEILLANCE

According to Intensity and Sensitivity Discreet –subject person to be watch is unaware that he is under observation Close – subject is aware that he is under observation varied on each occasions Loose – applied frequently or infrequently, period of observation varied on each occasion

INDUSTIRIAL SECURITY MANAGEMENT & ADMINISTRATION

Physical Security - this concern with the physical measures adopted to prevent unauthorized access to equipment, facilities, material and document and to safeguard them against espionage, sabotage, damage, loss and theft.

Personnel Security- this is as important as physical security. Personnel security starts even before the hiring of an employee and remains to be maintained for as long as the person is employed. Its purpose is to insure that a firm hires those best suited to assist the firm in achieving its goals and objectives and once hired assist in providing necessary security to the work force while carrying out their functions.

Document and Information Security- this involves the protection of documents and classified papers from loss, access by unauthorized persons, damage, theft and compromise through disclosure. Classified documents need special handling. Lack of indoctrination and orientation among the personal handling them can result in the leakage, loss, theft and unauthorized disclosure of the documents.

Physical security, personnel security, and document security cannot exist independently- they are

mutually supporting. They are in many respects overlapping. Physical security is correlated to the other two parts, interwoven and one is essential to the other.

Industrial Security – a type of security applied to business groups engaged in industries like manufacturing, assembling, research and development, processing, warehousing and even agriculture. It may also mean the business of providing security.

Hotel Security - a type of security applied to hotels where its properties are protected from pilferage, loss, damage and the function in the hotel restaurants are not disturbed and troubled by outsiders or the guest themselves. This type of security employs house detectives, uniforms guard and supervisor and insures that hotel guests and their personal effects are safeguarded.

Bank security - this type of security is concern with bank operations. Its main objective is the protection of bank cash and assets, its personnel and clientele. Security personnel are trained to safeguard bank and assets while in storage, in transit and during transactions.

VIP Security - a type of security applied for the protection of top-ranking officials of the government or private entity, visiting persons of illustrious standing and foreign dignitaries.

School Security - a type of security that is concern with the protection of students, faculty members, and school properties. Security personnel are trained to protect the school property from theft, vandals, handling campus riots and detecting the use of intoxicated drugs and alcohol by the students.

Supermarket or Mall Security - a type of security which is concern with the protection of the stores, warehouses, storage, its immediate premises and properties as well as the supermarket personnel and customers. Security personnel are trained to detect “shoplifter”, robbery, and bomb detection and customer relation.

Other types – this include all other security matters not covered in the above enumeration.

What is a Barrier?

A barrier can be defined as any structure or physical device capable of restricting, deterring, delaying, illegal access to an installation.

Types of Barriers

Natural barriers - it includes bodies of waters, mountains, marshes, ravines, deserts or other terrain that are difficult to traverse.

Structural barriers - these are features constructed by man regardless of their original intent that tends to delay the intruder. Examples are walls, doors, windows, locks, fences, safe, cabinets or containers etc.

Human barriers - persons being used in providing a guarding system or by the nature of their employment and location, fulfill security functions. Examples are guards, office personnel, shop workers, etc.

Animal barriers - animals are used in partially providing a guarding system. Dogs are usually trained and utilized to serve as guard dogs. German shepherds are best suited for security functions. Goose and turkeys could also be included.

Energy barriers - it is the employment of mechanical, electrical, electronic energy imposes a deterrent to entry by the potential intruder or to provide warning to guard personnel. These are protective lighting, alarm system and any electronic devices used as barriers.

What is a Restricted Area?

A restricted area is any area in which personnel or vehicles are controlled for reasons of security.

Restricted area is established to provide security for installation or facilities and to promote efficiency of security operations and economy in the use of security personnel.

Types of Restricted Areas

Two types of restricted areas are termed Exclusion areas and Limited areas. Exclusion Area- an exclusion area is a restricted area which contains a security interest to TOP SECRET importance, and which requires the highest degree of protection. Limited Area Control- a limited area is a restricted area in which a lesser degree of control is required than in an exclusion area but which the security interest would be compromised by uncontrolled movement.

What is Perimeter Security?

It is the protection of the installation’s inner and the immediate vicinity. The main purpose of perimeter barrier is to deny or impede access or exit of unauthorized person. Basically, it is the first line of defense of an installation. This is maybe in the form of fences, building walls or even bodies of water.

The function and location of the facility itself usually determine the perimeter of the installation. If the facility is located in a city whereby the facility is located in a city whereby the building or enterprise occupies all the area where it is located, the perimeter may be the walls of the building itself. Most of the Industrial companies, however, are required to have a wide space for warehousing, manufacturing etc.

Types of Perimeter Barrier

Perimeter barriers includes fences, walls, bodies of water

Types of Full-View Fence

Chain link fence It must be constructed of 7 feet material excluding top guard. It must be of 9 gauges or heavier. The mesh openings are not to be larger than 2 inches per side.

Barbed wire fence Standard barbed wire is twisted, double-strand, 12-gauge wire with 4 point barbs spaces in

an equal distance apart. Barbed wire fencing should not be less than 7 feet high excluding top guard.

As a standard, the distance between strands must not exceed 6 inches at least one wire will be interlaced vertically and midway between posts.

Concertina wire fence Standard concertina barbed wire is commercially manufactured wire coil of high strength

steel barbed wire clipped together at intervals to form a cylinder. Opened concertina wire is 50 feet long and 3 feet in diameter.

Perimeter Barrier Opening

Clear Zones - an obstructed area or a “clear zone” should be maintained on both sides of the perimeter barrier. A clear zone of 20 feet or more is desirable between the barriers and exterior structures and natural covers that may provide concealment for assistance to a person seeking unauthorized entry.

Additional Protective Measures

- Top Guard - additional overhang of barbed wire placed on vertical perimeter fences upward and outward with a 45 degree angle with 3 to 4 strands of barbed wires spaced 6 inches apart. This increases the protective height and prevents easy access.

- Guard Control stations - this is normally provided at main perimeter entrances to secure areas located out-of-doors, and manned by guards on full-time basis. Sentry station should be near a perimeter for surveillance at the entrance.

- Tower Guard - this is a house-like structure above the perimeter barriers. The higher the tower, the more visibility it provides. It gives a psychological unswerving effect to violators. By and large guard towers, whether permanent or temporary, must have a corresponding support force in the event of need. Towers as well as guard control stations should have telephones, intercoms, and if possible two-way radios connected to security headquarters or office to call for reserves in the event of need.

Types of Lighting Equipment

Three types of lighting equipment are generally used or associated with security lighting. These are:

- Floodlights - These can be used to accommodate most outdoor security lighting needs, including the illumination of boundaries, fences and buildings and for the emphasis of vital areas or particular buildings.

- Street lights - This lighting equipment received the most widespread notoriety for its value in reducing crime.

- Search lights - These are highly focused incandescent lamp and are designed to pinpoint potential trouble spots.

- Fresnel lights - These are wide beam units, primary used to extend the illumination in long, horizontal strips to protect the approaches to the perimeter barrier. Fresnel projects a narrow, horizontal beam that is approximately 180 degrees in the horizontal and from 15 to 30 degrees in the vertical plane.

Three Basic Parts of Alarm System

- Sensor or trigger device - it emits the aural or visual signals or both. - Transmission line - a circuit which transmit the message to the signaling apparatus. - Enunciator/annunciator - it is the signaling system that activates the alarm.

Types of Protective Alarm System

- Central Station System - a type of alarm where the control station is located outside the plant or installation. When the alarm is sounded or actuated by subscriber, the central station notifies the police and other public safety agencies.

- Local Alarm – This system consist of ringing up a visual or audible alarm near the object to be protected. When an intruder tries to pry a window, the alarm thereat goes off.

What is a Lock?

A lock is defined as a mechanical, electrical, hydraulic or electronic device designed to prevent entry into a building, room, container or hiding place.

Types of Locks

- Key-operated mechanical lock - it uses some sort of arrangement of internal physical barriers (wards tumblers) which prevent the lock from operating unless they are properly aligned. The key is the device used to align these internal barriers so that the lock may be operated.

- Padlock - a portable and detachable lock having a sliding hasp which passes through a staple ring and is then made fasten or secured.

- Combination lock - instead of using the key to align the tumblers, the combination mechanism uses numbers, letters or other symbols as reference point which enables an operator to align them manually.

- Code-operated lock - a type of lock that can be opened by pressing a series of numbered button in the proper sequence.

- Electrical lock - a type of lock that can be opened and closed remotely by electrical means. - Card-operated lock - a type of lock operated by a coded card.

Three (3) Types of Security Cabinet

- Safe - a metallic container used for the safekeeping of documents or small items in an office or installation. Safe can be classified as either robbery or burglary resistance depending upon the use and need.

o Its weight must be at least 750 lbs. And should be anchored to a building structure. o Its body should at least one inch thick steel.

- Vault - heavily constructed fire and burglar resistance container usually a part of the building structure used to keep and protect cash, documents and negotiable instruments. Vaults are bigger than safe but smaller than a file room.

o The vault door should be made of steel at least 6 inches in thickness. o The vault walls, ceiling, floor reinforce concrete at least 12 inches in thickness. o The vault must be resistive up to 6 hours.

- File room - a cubicle in a building constructed a little lighter than a vault but of bigger size to accommodate limited people to work on the records inside.

o The file room should at most be 12 feet high. o It must have a watertight door and at least fire proof for one hour.

Visitors Movement Control

Security should establish proper methods of establishing the authority for admission of visitors as well as the limitation thereat. This security measure would depend on the sensibility of the installation, but could include the following:

- Visitor’s logbook – All visitors to any facility should be required to identify them selves and should be given a visitor’s ID by the security. Visitor’s logbook should be filled up with the named of visitors, nature and duration of visit.

- Photograph - taking of photographs should also be considered. Extreme caution must be exercised in areas where classified information is displayed to preclude unauthorized taking of pictures of the installation. If a visitor has camera and it is prohibited to take picture, said camera should be left in the care of security with corresponding receipt.

- Escort - If possible visitors should be escorted by the security to monitor their activity within the establishment and guide them where to go.

- Visitor entrances - separate access for visitors and employees of the establishment should be provided.

- Time- traveled - If there is a long delay or time lapse between the departure and arrival, the visitors maybe required to show cause for the delay.

Important General Techniques of PSI

1. Background Investigation

. Local Agency Check (LAC)

. National Agency Check (NAC)

2. Undercover Investigation – This is the placement of an agent in a role in which the agent’s true identity and

role remains unknown, in order to obtain information for criminal prosecution or for recovery or limitation of

asset losses.

3. Exit Interview – it offers security managers an opportunity to learn of problems not previously known.

Four (4) Types of Classified Matter

1. Top Secret (green color code) – is any information and materials the unauthorized disclosure of it would

cause exceptionally grave damage to the nation, politically, economically and military operation.

2. Secret (red color) – is any information and material, the unauthorized disclosure of it would endanger

national security cause serious injury to the interest or prestige of the nation or any governmental activity or

advantage to a foreign nation.

3. Confidential (blue color code) – is any information or material, the unauthorized disclosure of it would be

prejudicial to the interest and prestige of the national or governmental activity or would cause administrative

embarrassment or unwanted injury to and be of advantage to a foreign country.

4. Restricted (white or no color) – is any information and material which requires special protection other than

those determines confidential, secret and top secret.

Types of Hazard

1. Natural Hazard- caused by natural phenomena

2. Human-man made Hazard

These are a result of the state of mind, attitude, weakness or character traits of one or more persons.

Saboteur – he is the most dangerous for whom security will have to deal with while planning and implementing

security measures and techniques.

Possible Targets of Saboteur

1. Armed Forces Installation

2. Natural resources – mines, forests, farms, and farm products

3. Industries – buildings, power sources, machinery, fuel, etc.

4. Warehouses depots, communications, public utilities, etc.

Espionage

The act of stealing or gaining information

Pilferage – is one of the most annoying and common human hazards which security has to deal with. This

activity if uncontrolled can become a financial drain if not a menace to smooth and orderly operation.

Types of pilferer

1. Casual Pilferer – one who steaks due to his inability to resist the unexpected opportunity and has

little fear of deception is no plan or premeditation and he is usually a “loner” on the job.

2. Systematic Pilferer – one who steals with preconceived plans and takes away any or all types of

items or supplies for economic gain.

CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Crisis – is a decisive point of a condition, improper handling on which immediately places under threat or

danger of one’s life, limbs, freedom and property.

Crisis Management – is the totality of action of handling or responding to a given crisis situation.

Crisis Management Plan – is a complete and comprehensive plan of actions designed to protect life, limbs,

freedom and property, before, during and after any given crisis situation.

SECURITY SURVEY

Is defined as a critical on site examination and analysis of an industrial plant, business, a home or

public or private institution done to ascertain the facility’s current security status, to identify deficiencies or

excess in current practices, to determine what protection is needed and to make recommendations for

improving the overall level of security at that installation.

Security audit. Is the evaluation or review of existing security plan

R.A. NO. 5487 - “Private Security Agency Law

PADPAO - Philippine Association of Detective and Protective Agency Operators

License to Exercise Profession – Shall mean any document issued by the chief PNP or his duly authorized

representative reorganizing a person to be qualified to perform his duties as private security or training

personnel.

Firearms and weapons authorized for Used of the Security Guard while on Duty

1. Handguns/ Low-powered (cal. 22 and cal.38) not exceeding one FA for every two guards employed

2. Shotguns (not bigger than 12 gauge)

3. High-powered – When the agency is operating in areas where there is upsurge of lawlessness and

criminality as determined by the Chief PNP.

Types of Securityt Guards:

1. Private Security Agency Forces

2. Company Security Forces

3. Government Security Forces

12. DRY RUN

-Practical test or exercise of a plan or any activity to test its validity; an operational readiness exercise.

13. RISK ANALYSIS

-It is the ongoing process which ensure that new risks are recognized and that established different remain necessary

and cost effective.

15. DISCRETION

-The wise use of one’s jugdement, wherein personal experience and common sense is the factor to decide in a

particular situation.

16. POLICE OMNIPRESENCE

-It is the perception that the police is always present anytime, anywhere, who are always ready to assist the public of

any untoward eventuality

23. TEAM POLICING

-A grace root approach undertaken to bring the people and the police closer together in a more cooperative condition.

24. MERCENARY INFORMANTS

-Most dangerous kinds of informants because they may sell information to the highest bidder.

25. COLLATION

-It would entail the recording or organization of raw materials so that they may be readily compared with other items.

26. CRYPT

-Refers to something that is concealed or hidden.

27. PATERNALISTIC

-A kind of supervisor who promptly conducts a complete and formal hearing as soon as a dispute among his

subordinates comes to his attention.

28. PUBLIC RELATIONS

-The bringing about of better understanding, confidence and acceptance for a person or an organization is.

29. PLEB

-Which has exclusive jurisdiction over citizen’s complaint where the offense is punishable by withholding of privileges,

restriction to specified limits, suspension or forfeiture of salary or any combination thereof, for a period exceeding thirty

(30) days or by dismissal.

30. 180 DAYS

-Maximum period wherein a police officer may be suspended from service by the Chief PNP.

31. BEAT

-An area assigned for patrol purposes.

32. PROATIVE PATROL

-When police officers are not bent on waiting for something to happen and respond but instead utilizes some other

means to effect crime prevention.

33. PATROL -Backbone of police organization.

34. INTERPRETATION

-The Determination of the significance of the intelligence data in order to draw conclusion.

Comparative Police System

1. JAPAN

a) Keisatsucho

b) Koan Linkai

c) Todo Fukeu Keistsu

d) Junsa Cho – good performing police

2. Thailand National Police Department

a) Boys-in-brown – uniform color

b) Director-General – highest rank

c) High school education – minimum qualification

d) Police Education Bureau – Police training center

e) Quasi-military – Police characteristic

f) Phon Tamruat – policeman

3. Malaysia

a) Royal Malaysian Police

b) Inspector General of Police – highest rank

c) full khaki – uniform color

d) Police Training School in Kuala Lumpur

e) Ministry of Home Affairs – Central Headquarters

f) enlisted grade/Rakan Cop – policeman

4. Indonesia

a) Kepolisan Negara Republik Indonesia

b) General – highest rank

c) sixth grade education – minimum qualification

d) Polda Metro Jaya – District & Provincial Commanders

5. Singapore

a) Singapore Police Force

b) Darcon Blue – uniform color

c) consistent awardee in the Global Competitiveness Report

d) Home Team Academy – police training center