516

Bulletin UASVM Horticulture, 66(1)/2009 Print ISSN 1843-5254; Electronic ISSN 1843-5394

Study Regarding the Development of the Rose Seed Material at Different

Rose Cultivar on Argillaceous-Sandy Soils

Manuela Carmen MARIAN, Gheorghe BLAGA, Mihai BUTA

University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca 3-5 Manastur St., Cluj; Romania; manuelacarmenm@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract. The main pourpouse of the paper is to determinate the influence of the argillaceous-

sandy soil on two property of the seed material at the roses. These characteristics have a major importance because it determined the quality of the rose plants. All the material that have been study is made from five rose cultivars, and the results was interpreted with student test. The results that have been obtain are interestring because we can say that the soil is influence the seed material quality.

Keywords: rose, packet length, growths, argillaceous-sandy soil

INTRODUCTION

The roses are a species that have a central place on the species that are use for cut flower or as ornamental plant. That is way is so important to study the seed material production at roses, because these have influence on the quality of the plants.

In this paper it will be present a study that is part of the research for the PhD theses “Influence of the ecopedology condition on the quality of the seed material at roses Rosa sp.”

These study prove the conection between soil and the quality of the seed mateial. All the measure was made into a nursery ,that have a argillaceous-sandy soil.

The measure that have been made and are presented in this paper are the packet lenght and total growt on the plant. These measure was made in period 5-15 July 2008, on five rose cultivars.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The biological material is represented of five rose varieties, with different origin. Rusticana was created by Stefan Wagner, in 1995; its origin are Candy

Rose*Yesterday. The flowers are small, with no perfume. Mr. Lincoln is a rose that have been created in 1964, in USA by Swim & Weeks. It

has big red flowers, with intense perfume. Its origin are Chrysler Imperial*Charles Mallerin. Golden Elegance it’s a SP Ambassador, and it was created in 1995 by Stefan Wagner.

The flower are yellow, big and have a soft perfume. Graham Thomas its origin are Charles Austin*(Schneewittchen*NC), and it was

created by Austin in England 1983. The flowers are big, with intense perfume of violet. New Down is a SP Dr. W. van Fleet, and it was created in 1930 in USA by the Dreer.

It have big pink flower and an intense perfume. All these varieties was chosen according with the market request, the blooming period

and the flower color. This variety was grafting on same rootstock Rosa pollmeriana, on the

517

plane surface. It was choose to measure the packet length and total growts. The soil is an argillaceous-sandy, with next profile sequence: Ap, Ao, AB, B1, B2, B3, BgGo.

The experience was organized in latin rectangle, with four option (Graham Thomas, Golden Elegance, New Down, Rusticana) that was compare with the control Mister Lincoln, in tree rehearsal, with randomisation arrangement of the variant in repetition block.

The results was statistical interpreted, using student test “t”

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The soil content in macro elements are: N 0,144; P mobil ppm 31; K mobil ppm 460 in first 10 cm, and the pH level are around 8, 46. These values of the pH level tell us that the soil is alkaline moderate, the content in nitrogen is poorly, and it is necessary to improve this content with treatments or biological. Watching the profile sequence, we can see that the level in all microelements it is poorly and it must be improve.

Because of these compounds of the soil, the rose plants have next values regarding the packet length and the total growth.

Tab. 1 The packet length

Rootstock Varieties Average sx d t Diference semnification

Rosa pollmeriana Mr. Lincoln (mt) 6.2 0.44 Rosa pollmeriana Rusticana 6.1 0.35 -0.1 -0.18 - Rosa pollmeriana Golden Elegance 5.2 0.32 -1.0 -1.79 - Rosa pollmeriana Graham Thomas 4.2 0.34 -2.0 -3.57 000 Rosa pollmeriana New Down 3.8 0.42 -2.3 -3.85 000

The cultivar Mr. Lincoln is considering the control, because of the request of the

varieties on the market and because is a representative rose cultivar. We can see that ar diference between cultivars. In what regarding the packet length, comparing with the control it was observing difference statistical assure, negative semnification at Graham Thomas and New Down cultivar, high difference but insignificant at Golden Elegance cultivar. The cultivar Rusticana has almost same behaviour as Mister Lincoln cultivar that is consider control. Because the rootstock was the same Rosa pollmeriana, all the difference are establish only by the soil. All the data tell us that the cultivars have different behavior on same type of soil, and the soil is influence the packet length, and for this we can say that the cultivar will have a different behavior on other type of soil, and this is important for the researchers and the farmers too.

Tab. 2 Total growth/plant

Rootstock Varieties Average sx d t Diference semnification

Rosa pollmeriana Mr. Lincoln (mt) 113.3 7.20 Rosa pollmeriana Rusticana 95.3 7.15 -18.1 -1.78 - Rosa pollmeriana Golden Elegance 143.0 11.09 29.7 2.76 xx Rosa pollmeriana Graham Thomas 131.0 8.00 17.7 1.64 - Rosa pollmeriana New Down 119.8 10.03 6.5 0.53 -

The Mister Lincoln cultivar, considering control, are over fulfilled in total growth by tree cultivars New Down (6,5 cm), Graham Thomas (17,7 cm) and Golden Elegance (29,7

518

cm), but only Golden Elegance have total growth that are statistically assure, and are very significant difference. The Rusticana cultivar have smaller growths than the control (-18,1 cm), and these are insignificants.

According to the date from Tabel 1 and with the date from Tabel 2 we can say that the cultivar influence the rootstoch growing, but considering that all the cultivars was cultivated on same soil it’s a high influence of rootstock regarding total growth of the cultivars.

The variants that have stronger influence on packet length (Golden Elegance, Graham Thomas and New Down), are strong influence by the rootstock regarding the total growth. Comparing with these, the Rusticana cultivar, that influences the rootstock develop same, as Mister Lincoln (control), is very few influence by the rootstock as the control.

CONCLUSIONS

The cultivar that was study, have a negative influence on packet length of the

rootstock Rosa pollmeriana. The plant develop is influence by the rootstock too. The climatic condition was the same, we can say that the reciprocity of the influence is

determinate only by the interaction between genetics factor. Because Rusticana cultivar have negative growth comparing with the control, as a

conclusion for the practice, it is necessary to grafting the cultivars on some rootstock that are compatibility.

Generally, the plant develop was smaller on same soil type. The growth of the plants and of the rootstock was influence by the lower level of the macro elements in soil, and probably is influence by the structure and fibber of the argillaceous-sandy soils.

REFERENCES

1. Ardelean, M. (2005). Tehnica experimetala. Ed Academicpres, Cluj-Napoca. 2. Austin, D. (2000). Handbook of roses. 28th edition. 3. Vries, de D. P. and L. A. M. Dubois (1996). Rose breeding: Past, Present, Prospects. Acta Hort.

424:241-248. Wagner, S. (2002). Trandafirul de la mit la mileniul.