Study GuideEnglish I Final Exam

Spring 2012

Test DataO50 multiple-choice questions total

ODefine or recognize: 13OParaphrase: 10OSummarize: 6OInfer about character or culture: 6OVocabulary/root words: 6OCorrect punctuation: 5OForeshadowing: 2OComparison: 2

Paraphrase

OSTATE: Restate in your own words

Paraphrase

OELABORATE: Pay attention to context (who is speaking and why); usually going from formal to informal; DON’T LEAVE ANY INFO. OUT!

Paraphrase

OEXEMPLIFY: “What’s up?” “Hello, how are you?”

Paraphrase

ONON-EXAMPLE: Summarize; translate

Inference

OSTATE: An educated guess based on evidence

Inference

OELABORATE: Use background knowledge and account for all the information in the text

Inference

OEXEMPLIFY: “He has puffy, red eyes.” He’s been crying.

Inference

ONON-EXAMPLE: Fact (or evidence); random guess

Complex Character

OSTATE: Round (lots of information) and dynamic (change over time)

Complex Character

OELABORATE: Often a main character; sometimes seem contradictory

Complex Character

OEXEMPLIFY: Anakin Skywalker, everyone on Glee, Buzz Lightyear

Complex Character

ONON-EXAMPLE: Simple character (flat/static)

Archetype

OSTATE: pattern seen in literature throughout history and around the world

Archetype

OELABORATE: Can include plots, characters, and symbols

Archetype

OEXEMPLIFY: Nerd, Boys Meets Girl, Dark=Evil

Archetype

ONON-EXAMPLE: Stereotype

Culture

OSTATE: Group of people with similar values, beliefs, and practices

Culture

OELABORATE: Cultural practices or habits often indicate the values of that culture

Culture

OEXEMPLIFY: Gypsy culture requires women to be virgins until they married because “I want something new, not used” Men are owners and women are objects

Culture

ONON-EXAMPLE: Religion

Allegory

OSTATE: A story with two levels—literal and figurative—in which everything represents something else

Allegory

OELABORATE: Often used in fables (with animals) and parables

Allegory

OEXEMPLIFY: Lotus eaters=hippies; lotus=marijuana; Men get tied to boat=intervention

Allegory

ONON-EXAMPLE: Allusion or parody

Epic

OSTATE: long narrative poem about the history or folklore of a culture

Epic

OELABORATE: Could be fiction or nonfiction; shows cultural values; features epic “larger-than-life” hero

Epic

OEXEMPLIFY: The Odyssey; Spiderman

Epic

ONON-EXAMPLE: Short story; biography; history textbook

In Medias Res

OSTATE: to begin a story in the middle of the action (“in the middle of things”)

In Medias Res

OELABORATE: Used as a “hook” to engage the reader; later more info. is filled in with flashbacks

In Medias Res

OEXEMPLIFY: How I met Your Mother, Twilight, Hunger Games

In Medias Res

ONON-EXAMPLE: Chronological order

Aside

OSTATE: Character talks to audience, unheard by other characters

Aside

OELABORATE: Usually short; other characters are on stage; also called “breaking the 4th wall”

Aside

OEXEMPLIFY: Dora the Explorer asks TV audience for help; Zack Morris on Saved by the Bell freezes those around him to talk to the camera

Aside

ONON-EXAMPLE: Soliloquy; monologue

Soliloquy

OSTATE: Character alone on stage reveals inner thoughts/feelings

Soliloquy

OELABORATE: Sounds like “solo,” meaning “alone;” but sometimes the character only thinks s/he is alone on the stage; it’s like talking to yourself

Soliloquy

OEXEMPLIFY: Juliet saying “Wherefore art thou, Romeo?” on the balcony when she doesn’t know Romeo can hear her

Soliloquy

ONON-EXAMPLE: Monologue; aside

Tragedy

OSTATE: Ends unhappily, usually with death of main characters

Tragedy

OELABORATE: Can include some funny parts as well, but not at the end

Tragedy

OEXEMPLIFY: Titanic, My Girl, A Walk to Remember

Tragedy

ONON-EXAMPLE: Comedy

Pun

OSTATE: Word play with double-meaning

Pun

OELABORATE: Often considered corny or cheesy

Pun

OEXEMPLIFY: “Want some dead batteries—they’re free of charge!”

Pun

ONON-EXAMPLE: Oxymoron

Text Aids

OSTATE: Sidenotes, footnotes, endnotes, glossary definitions—anything provided along with the text to help explain it

Text Aids

OELABORATE: Often indicated with asterisks or superscript numbers; usually explain historical context; LOOK AT THEM FOR HELP SUMMARIZING!

Text Aids

OEXEMPLIFY: Banishment exile (not to come back)

Text Aids

ONON-EXAMPLE: Dictionary or thesaurus; stage directions

Root Words

OSTATE: Smaller parts of words that can be combined to create new words or define old words

Root Words

OELABORATE: Often from Greek/Latin, but help you define English words

Root Words

OEXEMPLIFY: bio, phil, fid, chron, omni, log, duc, hydr, trans, tort

Root Words

ONON-EXAMPLE: life, love, faith, time, all, word, make, water, across/through, twist

Conjunctive Adverbs

OSTATE: Used to show transitions and relationships between independent clauses

Conjunctive Adverbs

OELABORATE: Independent clause; conjunctive adverb, independent clause.

Conjunctive Adverbs

OEXEMPLIFY: however, therefore, also, instead

Conjunctive Adverbs

ONON-EXAMPLE: and, or, for, but, nor, yet, so