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Studies on development of Lymnaea acuminata with respect to age-length

relationship and relative condition factor (Kn)

ABSTRACT: The breeding and complete development of fresh water snail, Lymnaea acuminata, was observed. The development completed in eleven days. All the external features were observed from third day. During third day heart beats started and the rudiments of larval kidney appeared. All these organs show differentiation and increase in size with embryo. The shell development starts from third day onwards. Hatching of egg took place on 11th day by mechanical means. The young ones were having all system like adult except gonad. Age-length relationship was established. It was found that it showed perfect positive relationship between age and total length of embryo. Kn value also supports the above observations. The r = 0.98, Kn = 0.98 and regression equation y = 31.49 + 23.08 x.

055-059 | JRAS | 2013 | Vol 1 | No 2

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Journal of Research in

Animal Sciences An International

Scientific Research Journal

Authors:

Borale RP and

Ahirrao KD.

Institution:

Jaihind ET’s Z. B. Patil

College, Dhule (MS)

424 005 India.

Rani Laxmibai

Mahavidyalaya, Parola,

District -Jalgaon (MS)

425 111 India.

Corresponding author:

Borale RP.

Email: [email protected]

Phone No:

+91 94222 18839.

Web Address: http://janimalsciences.com

documents/AS0009.pdf

Dates: Received: 07 May 2012 Accepted: 15 May 2012 Published: 21 Feb 2013

Article Citation: Borale RP and Ahirrao KD. Studies on development of Lymnaea acuminata with respect to age-length relationship and relative condition factor (Kn) Journal of Research in Animal Sciences (2013) 1(2): 055-059

Journal of Research in Animal Sciences An International Scientific Research Journal

Original Research

Keywords: Lymnaea acuminate, age length relationship, developmental studies on Lymnaea

INTRODUCTION

The developments of Pulamonate gastropod have

been described by (Taylor, 1907). (Carrick, 1938)

described the life cycle and development of

Agriolimax agrestis. (Raven and Kolomp, 1946)

has worked on development of Lymnaea strangles.

Bondesen (1950) made detailed observation on the egg

capsule of fresh water pulmonates gastropods. He

showed hatching of the young ones from the eggs

by rupturing the egg membrane by their radula in

L. stagnalis and three pulmonate families, Physidae,

Lymnaeidae and Planorbidae. Creek (1951) studied

the reproductive system and embryology of snail,

Pomatia elengans. Balsubramaniam (1952) studied the

development of Ariophanta bistrialis. Dewitt (1954)

reported the reproduction, embryonic development and

growth in the pond snail, Physa gyrinaI.

Jura and George (1958) made observations on

the jelly mass of three mollusk, Succinea putris L.

Stagnalis and Planorbis corneus with special reference

to Metachromasia. (Quazi, 1974 and Dama, 1977) have

studied the embryology and early development of

freshwater pulmonate snail, Limnea sp. (Vaidya, 1977)

observed the early development of fresh water snail

Indoplanorbis exustus. In this paper the breeding habits

and early development of the snail, L.acuminate are

described along with the relationship of animal length

and age of animal during development.

056 Journal of Research in Animal Sciences (2013) 1(2): 055-059

Borale and Ahirrao,2013

SR. No. Age (days) x Mean length (µ) y x2 xy Calculated length

y' from reg. eq. Kn value y/y'

1 0 37.44 0.00 0.00 31.49 1.19

2 1 46.08 1.00 46.08 54.57 0.84

3 2 54.72 4.00 109.44 77.65 0.70

4 3 60.48 9.00 181.44 100.73 0.60

5 4 84.96 16.00 339.84 123.81 0.69

6 5 165.60 25.00 828.00 146.89 1.13

7 6 182.88 36.00 1097.28 169.97 1.08

8 7 203.04 49.00 1421.28 193.05 1.05

9 8 239.04 64.00 1912.32 216.13 1.11 10 9 295.13 81.00 2556.17 239.22 1.23

11 10 301.61 100.00 3016.10 262.30 1.15

12 11 313.06 121.00 3443.66 286.38 1.10

13 12 324.50 144.00 3894.00 308.46 1.05

14 13 330.98 169.00 4302.74 331.54 1.00

15 14 335.88 196.00 4702.32 354.62 0.94

16 15 348.91 225.00 5233.65 377.70 0.92

17 16 376.63 256.00 6026.08 400.78 0.94

18 17 414.14 289.00 7040.38 423.86 0.98

19 18 415.80 324.00 7470.00 446.95 0.93

20 19 456.55 361.00 8674.45 470.03 0.97 21 20 492.41 400.00 9848.20 493.11 1.00

22 21 544.61 441.00 11436.81 516.19 1.06

n=22 Σx=231.00 Σy=6024.41

Σx2=33

11.00

Σxy=836

94.64 ΣKn=21.66

Table 1 Age-length relationship of early developmental stages of snail, Lymnaea acuminata.

Regression equation: y = a + bx

a= 31.49, b = 23.08,

y = 31.49 + 23.08x

Average Kn= 0.98

Journal of Research in Animal Sciences (2013) 1(2): 055-059 057

Borale and Ahirrao, 2013

Plate 1 Fig. 1

Legend: Figure. 1: Egg string of L. acuminata ( 100X), E = Egg, Em = Embryo.

Figure. 2: Developing embryo of L. acuminata ( 100X) – 0 days
















MATERIALS AND METHODS

The snails, L. acuminata were collected from

local ponds. they were brought to the laboratory

and kept in plastic troughs containing sufficient

de-chlorinated water. They were cleaned so as to remove

the mud and algal material on their shell. The snails were

acclimated for 24 h under laboratory conditions. The

active snails, ranging from 24 to 26 mm were selected

for the experiments. The snails were fed once in a

day with a algal material like Spirogyra and Hydrilla.

Before starting the experiments, the rearing troughs were

cleaned so as to collect easily egg strings adhered to the

surface of troughs. Egg strings attached to surface of

troughs, petioles and leaves were collected carefully with

the help of scalpel during morning hours 8 to 9 AM.

They were kept in Petri-dishes containing filtered water.

The Petri-dishes were labeled according to date and time

of collection. The egg masses showing different

developmental stages were sorted out in different

Petri-dishes according to the stage of their development.

The time taken for each of them for hatching was noted.

As the eggs were transparent and surrounded by mucus

string, changes taking place up to the stage of hatching

could be observed directly under a light microscope.

Their maximum lengths were measured with the help of

ocular micrometer. The measurements were then

statistically analyzed like length of developmental stage

and age relationship, and relative condition factor, Kn by

using MS Excel 2007 with the procedures stated by

(Pillai and Sinha, 1968).

RELULTS AND DISCUSSION

The development was completed in eleven days.

On eleventh day hatching is taken place. Just before the

time of hatching the dimension of the young snail was

313.06 µ X 268.2 µ. The shell had only single gyri,

showed resemblance to the adult. The head and foot were

developed; the foot was heavily ciliated towards the

anterior tip. A single egg membrane surrounded around

the young one. The young animal glided around over the

inner surface of egg membrane. Eventually the egg

membrane became more and more flexible and the foot

could be seen to have a suction effect upon it. There after

the membrane began more and more collapsed in folds

around the young animal. Ultimately the repeated the

tearing motion resulted in rupture of the egg membrane;

in the course of events, the foot and anterior part of the

head region protruded outside to enlarge the hole. When

the size of the hole was increase the animal rather

quickly emerged out.

The length and dimensions of the developing

embryo in egg capsule was found to be increased

(Plate 1). The relationship of age and length of embryo

was statistically analyzed and represented in Table 1.

The heart beat was clearly seen in the embryo from V

day on wards. It was initially around 85 beats /minute;

this gradually decreased as age increase and stabilized at

60 beats /minute at the age of 21 days.

L.acuminata is hermaphrodite freshwater

pulmonate snail. Generally the animal breeds in rainy

season from July to September. Though they are

hermaphrodite, crossbreeding generally takes place. The

court ship behavior includes the trailing one snail by

another and testicular contraction. (Nagabhushanam and

Kulkarni,1971) observed cross fertilization in

Laevicaulis alte. Early in the morning there were several

strings attached to the wall of trough and to the leaves

and petioles. The eggs were laid in triple layer in

gelatinous ribbon shaped matrix. Parental care of egg

was not noticed in Limnaea.

Age and length relationship of embryo was found

to be perfect positive, r = 0.98. It means that the

development was not slowed down. During the period of

development, length of embryo was increased gradually.

Average Kn Value of age and length relationship was

found to be near about 1, i.e., Kn = 0.98. It is evident that

length of embryo was increased as age is increased.

058 Journal of Research in Animal Sciences (2013) 1(2): 055-059

Borale and Ahirrao,2013

REFERENCES

Balsubramaniam TS. 1952. Development of

Aristophanes bistrialis. Bek. Part I, Jour. Annamalai

Univ., 17: 94-100.

Bondesen P. 1950. A comparative analysis of the egg

capsules of freshwater pulmonate gastropods. Natura.

Jutl. 3: 1-209.

Carrick R. 1938. The life history and development of

Agriolimax agrestis, the grey field slug. Trans. Roy. Soc.

Edndr., 59: 563-597

Creek GA. 1951. The reproductive system and

embryology of the snail, Pomatias elegans. Proc. Zool.

Soc. Lon., 121:599-640.

Dama SV. 1977. Studies on some aspects of physiology

of Lymnaea acuminate. Ph. D. thesis. Marathwada

University, Aurangabad, India.

Dewitt RM. 1954. Reproductive, embryonic

development and growth in the pond snail, Physa gyrina.

Trans. Amer. Microsc. Sc., 73: 124-137.

Jura L and George JC. 1958 . Observations on the jelly

mass of the egg of three mollusks, Succinea putris,

Lymnaea stagnalis and Planorbis corenus with special

reference to metachromasia. Proc. Koninkl. Nederl.

Acad. V. Wetensch. Sc., 61.

Nagabhushanam R and Kulkarni AB. 1971. Studies

on the embryology and development of the land slug,

Laevicaulis alte. Marath. Uni. J. Sci., 10:165-175.

Pillai SK and Sinha HC. 1968. In statistical method for

biological work. Ramprasad and sons, Agra, India.

Quazi Azamatunnisa. 1974. Biological studies on

Indian pulmonates snail, Lymnaea sp., Ph. D. thesis,

Marathwada University, Aurangabad, India.

Raven CP and Kolomp P. 1946. The osmotic properties

of the eggs of Lymnaea stagnalis. L. Proc. Koninkl.

Nederl. Acad. V. Wetensch., Sc., 49.

Taylor JW. 1907. Monograph of the land and fresh

water mollusks of the British island., Vol. 2; Leeds,

Taylor Brothers, 312.

Vaidya DD. 1977. Studies on some aspects of

physiology of Indopanorbis ., Ph.D. thesis, Marathwada

University, Aurangabad. India.

Journal of Research in Animal Sciences (2013) 1(2): 055-059 059

Borale and Ahirrao, 2013

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