strength behavior of concrete … · by the physical and chemical treatment of bottom ash. the...
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STRENGTH BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE INCORPORATE WITH MSWI
ASH AS CEMENT AND CRUSHED LIME STONE AS FINE AGGREGATE.
G.DHIVYA BHARATHY1, A.PAVITHRA2, Mr.V.THIRUMURUGAN3.
1,2 –STUDENTS , 3-ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
IFET COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
ABSTRACT:
The pretreated municipality solid waste incineration(MSWI) bottom ash of size 130 micron used as cement
replacement and investigate its effect on the properties of mortar. the metallic aluminum content is determined
by the physical and chemical treatment of bottom ash. the treated bottom ash is used in mortar as cement
replacement. Crushed limestone has a good concrete properties. In some countries where the river sand is not
available and it have a lime stone quarries which obtain the crushed lime stone. the physical and mechanical
properties of the crushed limestone is deeply investigated. it provides the results the addition of limestone have a
ability to affect the strength of concrete. the bonding between the cement and MSWI ash is achieved by addition
of crushed lime stone. this paper examines the strength behavior of concrete influenced by the replacement of
MSWI ash as cement and crushed lime stone as fine aggregate as the percentage of 10%,15%,20% respectively
Keywords: crushed lime stone, municipality solid waste incineration ash(MSWI
ash),superplasticizer,cement,fine aggregate, mix proportioning
1.INTRODUCTION:
The municipality solid waste incineration
bottom ash contains non ferrous and ferrous matter,
burned and unburned materials such as
bricks,glass,E waste,stone,paper,plastic etc.the ash
content reduces the volume and mass of the solid
waste and also land filling also decreased.130
Micron particle size MSWI ash is chosen for this
experiment. Properties has been evaluated by These
properties were then compared to conventional
concrete mixtures made with natural silica sand to
enlarge the beneficial make use of crushed
limestone concrete and emphasize its prospective
applications.superplasticizer incorporated in this
mixture. the crushed limestone is added as a
percentage of 10%,15%,20%
replacement..superplasticizer incorporated in this
mixture. the crushed limestone is added as a
percentage of 10%,15%,20% replacement.
In India, almost all the Civil Engineering
constructions are carried out using crushed lime s.
Due to weighty amplify in the construction
behavior, the crushed lime stone which are the
conformist fine aggregate is under exhaustion and
also, at the present time an heightened deficiency
of these materials is practiced..
II. MATERIALS AND THIER PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES:
Fig 2.1 shows the required materials
A. Cement Ordinary Portland cement of 43 grade
manufactured by RAMCO CEMENT was used for
the experiment. Portland cement is most common
type of cement in general used around the world
because it is a basic ingredient of mortar, stucco
and most non specially grout. It is manufactured in
the form of different grades; the most common in
India are Grade 53, Grade 43. OPC is
manufactured by burning siliceous materials like
limestone at 1400.C and thereafter grinding it with
gypsum. The OPC grade 43 (used in this project) is
known for its rich quality and high durability
The Cement used was ordinary Portland Cement
(PPC) manufactured by Ultratech, conforming to
IS: 1489(PT1):1991[21]. The various properties of
cement were in accord with IS: 4031-1991[14] and
the results are tabulated in tabulated 2.1
Table 2.1. properties of ordinary Portland
cement
S.NO Name of the
conduct
experiment
Results IS 1489
(Part I)
prerequisite
1. Specific gravity 2.87 -
2. Standard
consistency test
35% -
3. Initial setting time 33.5 30( minutes)
4. Final setting time 12hours 12 hours
Specific gravity of fine aggregate is 2.67.
Fineness modulus range is 2.87
B.MSWI ash:
MSWI ash is as partial cement replacement
in concrete.
Ferraris et al proposed melting MSWI ash at
1450.C and grinding the resulting slag to particles
smaller than 90mm which can be used and filler or
supplementary cementations material. Similar
approach studied Lee and Rao. This material was
used for production of blended cement. Remand et
al studied effect of untreated MSWI ash on
technological properties of cement mortars. The fly
ash caused significant increase of setting time and
decrease of workability and strength
Table 2.2:properties of municipality solid waste
incineration ash
S.NO NAME OF THE
EXPERIMENT
RESULT
1 Specific gravity 3.15
2 Standard consistency
test
38%
c. Water The water to be had in the laboratory satisfies the
normal, precise for construction concrete and its
consequent curing
D.FINE AGGREGATE:
Table 2.3 Sieve analysis of fine aggregate.
sieve
size
weight
retained(
gm)
%wei
ght
retain
er
cumulat
ive
weight
retained
%of
passi
ng
4.75m
m
0 0 0 100
2.36m
m
1 0.2 0.2 99.8
1.18m
m
9 1.8 2 98
600mic
ron
15 3 5 95
300mic
ron
354 9.1 14.1 85.9
150
micron
91 18.3 32.4 67.6
75
micron
30 6 38.4 61.6
E.CRUSHED LIME STONE POWDER:
Table 2.4 sieve analysis of crushed lime stone
powder.
S.NO SIEVE
SIZE(mm)
%WEIGTH
RETAINED IN
THE SIEVE.
1 4 19.50
2 8 36.00
3 16 23.50
4 30 11.00
5 50 -
6 100 -
Specific gravity of crushed lime stone is 3.68
Fineness modulus range is 3.12
III METHODOLOGY
A. Introduction
The in attendance investigation and the
proportional studies on the strength distinctiveness
of the crushed lime stone as fine aggregate and
MSWI ash as cement in concrete with conservative
concrete was passed out. The typical tests of all
resources have been carried out in the laboratory as
per the appropriate codes
B.TESTING MACHINE: the testing machine of capacity 40000kgF is used.
The apparatus has been so planned to congregate
the uncomplicated and unswerving unit having bare
minimum heaviness and measurement for the
above load capacity, devoid of seated steel platen at
the top and a changeable steel platen at the bottom.
This apparatus can also used for split tensile
strength test. The beam specimens are experienced
using hydraulically operated flexural testing. the
code for dissimilar specimens. The bed of the
testing mechanism is provided with two Load can
be functional at the required rate individual in. This
roller can be preset to the bed such that the
remoteness from center to center can be adjusted
for 400mm as well as 600mm.The load can be
applied
through one comparable roller mounted at the
midpoint of the rollers.
C.MOULDS
cast iron mould meeting the requirements to
IS:516 -1959were worn to cast cube sample of
dimension 150mmX150mmX150mm.
IV. MIX DESIGN
In this analysis M30 grade of concrete was well
thought-out and intended using a course of action
by IS: 10262-2009[18]. Subsequent to making an
allowance for many experiment mixes, the mix
proportions for control concrete were as 1:1.9:2.8
with water cement ratio of 0.5. The computation of
quantities of constituent necessitate for dissimilar
concrete mixes are given in Appendix-I. The Batch
recognition and their individual bulk composition
is as shown in table 4.1
Table 4.1 batch ID and bulk compensation
%
of
rep
lace
me
nt
RS:SA
Cem
ent(
kg
/m3)
F/A
Cem
ent
rep
lace
me
nt
F/A
agg
reg
ate
rep
lace
me
nt
water w/c
ratio
R0 0:100 383.16 730 383.16 730 192 0.5
R10 10:90 383.16 730 344.84 657 192 0.5
R15 15:85 383.16 730 325.386 620.5 192 0.5
R20 20:80 383.16 730 306.528 584 192 0.5
V. TESTS ON FRESH CONCRETE AND
HARDENED CONCRETE
A. Fresh Concrete Concrete mixes equipped were hardened for
its fresh properties like workability such as slump
test and compaction factor test.
B. Slump test Slump test is a most frequently used scheme
of calculating the consistency of the concrete which
can be engaged whichever in laboratory or at
location of work. It is used to suitably as a manage
analysis and provides an suggestion of the
standardization of concrete from consignment to
consignment. Supplementary information on
workability and quality of concrete can be attained
by examining the approach in which concrete
slumps. The bend and deformations give you an
idea about the distinguishing of concrete with high
opinion to propensity for segregation [9].
C. Compacting factor test
The compacting factor test is intended first
and foremost for use in the laboratory but it
preserve as well be used in the field. It is more
accurate and responsive than the slump test and is
predominantly functional for concrete mixes of
very low workability as are as a rule used when
concrete is to be compacted by vibration. Such dry
concrete are not sensitive to slump test.
D. Compression test on concrete The most common of all tests is the
compressive strength test since the desirable
characteristics of concrete are qualitative related to
its strength. The compression test was conducted
on cubes at the age of 7 days, 28 days and 45 days
of curing respectively and confirming to IS 516-
1959[17]. Cubes stored in water were tested
immediately on removal from water in the damp
condition. The surface water and grit was wiped off
from the specimen. The actual dimensions and
weight of the specimen was noted.
The specimen was placed on the testing
platform of the compression testing machine in
such way the load was applied to the surface other
than the top and bottom surface as cast. The load
was applied without shock and increase until the
resistance of the specimen to the increasing load
broke down and no greater load was sustained. The
total load applied at failure was recorded. The
maximum load applied divided by its cross
sectional area given the compressive strength.
Averages of three specimens were taken, provided
the individual variation was not more than ± 15
percent of the average [9].
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1. General
Comprehensive investigational explorations
were passed out on the consequence of
municipality solid waste incineration and crushed
limestone powder substituting cement and fine
aggregate in concrete. The investigational results
were conversed in the subsequent segments.
2. Density of the samples: The densities of dissimilar samples are
calculated depends on dimension of the sample the
results are tabulated in
3. Compression test on concrete The most common of all tests is the
compressive strength test since the desirable
characteristics of concrete are qualitative related to
its strength. The compression test was conducted
on cubes at the age of 7 days, 28 days and 45 days
of curing respectively and confirming to IS 516-
1959[17]. Cubes stored in water were tested
immediately on removal from water in the damp
condition. The surface water and grit was wiped off
from the specimen. The actual dimensions and
weight of the specimen was noted.
The specimen was placed on the testing
platform of the compression testing machine in
such way the load was applied to the surface other
than the top and bottom surface as cast. The load
was applied without shock and increase until the
resistance of the specimen to the increasing load
broke down and no greater load was sustained. The
total load applied at failure was recorded. The
maximum load applied divided by its cross
sectional area given the compressive strength.
Averages of three specimens were taken, provided
the individual variation was not more than ± 15
percent of the average [9].
table 5.1 density of the specimen
Batch id Density kg/m3
R0 2418.32
R10 2307.5
R15 2251.8
R20 2196
FIG 5.1 shows the slump values
Fig 5.2 shows the compaction factor values
4. Cube Compression Strength Results
The compression strength investigation
consequence for a variety of concrete mixes is
tabulated in Table 5.3, after curing period of 7,14,
28, days. The rate ranges from 35 to 31.5 for R0 to
R100 respectively for 28 days. Fig 5.3 clearly
showed that 7, 28 &14 days compressive strength
decreased gradually as percentage of MSWI ash
and lime stone increased.
3. Fresh Properties of Concrete Mixes
High cementcontent, both the
comparatively far above the ground quantity of
water and the enlarge in cement paste supply in
enhancing the workability of the concrete mixture.
Fresh concrete density reduces upon an increase in
either the We/C ratio or the slump. This may be
ascribable to the fact that voids in concrete that are
at the start filled with filler become more and more
filled with water (material lighter than filler) As a
result, for a given We/C ratio, the better-off
concrete mixtures tend to have the lowly fresh
density due to the superior quantity of water in
attendance in them.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
R0 R10 R15 R20
mm
0.85
0.9
0.95
1
R0 R10 R15 R20CONCRETE MIX
mm
Table 6.2 slump and compaction values.
Batch id Slump value Compaction
factor
R0 29.7 0.89
R10 47 0.92
R15 54 0.95
R20 63 0.97
Table 5.3Results of Compressive strength for
various concrete mixes
Batch
ID
Days
Compressive
strength in
MPa
Rate of
attainment
of strength
in %
R0 7 days 26.294 68.67
14
days
29.24 71.22
28
days
34.57 90.37
R10 7 days 24.57 64.24
14
days
28.4 74.25
28
days
32.4 84.70
R15 7 days 23.42 61.23
14
days
27.8 72.67
28
days
33.4 87.32
R20 7 days 22.18 57.98
14
days
26.4 69.02
28
days
30.94 80.88
FIG 5.3 shows the compression strength values.
4. CONCLUSION
In this study, the MSWI ash and crushed
lime stone powder is used to replace as the
percentage of 10%,15%,20% wt progressively. The
possessions of mortars
in fresh and hardened positions are examined, and
the influential features are considered. The
subsequent termination
can be drawn in fig 6.3.it shows the compressive
strength is increased at 15% replacement. after the
addition the strength has been reduced gradually.
1) The substitution of cement by MSWI ash has
a insignificant manipulate on the flow ability of
mortar, and the particle character and porosity of
bottom ash throw in to it.
2) The flexural and compressive strengths of all
the mortars with MSWIash reduce at all curing
ages, and the reduce of the flexural strength is
inferior than compressive strength. Cement with
MSWI ashes, with 10%and 15% decrease after 28
days curing for compressive strength, respectively
3) Mixture quantity of concrete complicated
with crushed limestone sand can be
sufficiently resolute using average addition
performances complete that the mixing
water is accurately anticipated.
4)It emerges that higher limits on the quantity
of fines content in the crushed sand could
be allowed for provided that the fines are clean and
properly graded.
5) Crushed limestone concrete compulsory
added mixing water than normal silica
sand concrete to reach a particular fresh activities.
A advanced amount of paste is also
wanted for crushed sand concrete to get hold of
average range strength.
6)comparable or improved mechanical strength
than conservative natural sand concrete can be
formed using crushed limestone sand as fine
aggregate with a SP. on the other hand, to
prevail over the unfavorable result of crushed sand
such as consistency and figure, a superior than
normally used dosage of SP is required. The
optimum dosage of SP needs to be
unwavering for each cement and sand content. The
inclusion of SP reduces the water
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
R0 R10 R15 R20
7th days
14th days
28th days
substance which in turn reduces the cement content
for a particular W/C. as a result
the economy of cement can give back the further cost of the SP REFERENCES
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