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STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute of Water Conservation, Jaipur, India E mail: [email protected] Mob. 09829067474, 09414070292 Ph: 0141-2650724, 2650548

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Page 1: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE &

IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME

By

Dr. S. K. JainPresident, Institute of Water Conservation, Jaipur, India

E mail: [email protected]

Mob. – 09829067474, 09414070292

Ph: 0141-2650724, 2650548

Page 2: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute
Page 3: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

WATER SCENARIO

IN2025

TODAY

AND

BEFORE

Page 4: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

WATER SCENARIO

IN2025

TODAY

AND

BEFORE

Page 5: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

IN2025

Today

and

before

Page 6: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

Today and before By 2025

Page 7: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

Today and before By 2025

Page 8: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute
Page 9: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute
Page 10: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute
Page 11: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

PRESENT WATER AVAILABILITY

1. India’s population is 16% of the world population, whereas,water resources are only 4% that of the world.

2. Present water demand is 1122 billion m3 (Surfce water690billion m3 and groundwater 432 billion m3).

3. By 2010, groundwater demand would increase to 710billion m3.

4. By 2050, it would be 1180 billion m3 i.e. less thanavailability.

5. In Rajasthan, total water availability is 10382 million m3 atpresent, whereas the requirement is 12999 m3.

6. Out of 236 blocks, 204 blocks are over-exploited due toabove situation. The demand in 2025 would be doubled,we can imagine scenario of 2050.

Page 12: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

FUTURE WATER SCENARIO• Water availability will be to 1 person out of 3.

• Water quality will become unsafe in majority of the places.

• No food to 1/3 of the population.

• Many water borne diseases like Fluorosis, Dementia, Diarrhea, Cancer etc. will be order of the day.

• There will be fight for water between – Man to man.

– City to city.

– State to state.

– Country to country

– Possible third world war?

Page 13: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

IT’S TIME TO GIVE WATER A

SERIOUS THOUGHT?

Page 14: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

STORM WATER MANAGEMENT AND RECHARGING

GROUND WATER – ONE OF THE SOLUTIONS

The storm water during rainy season causesdrainage problem and often roads are damaged by

rainfall runoff.This problem is serious in big cities and industries,where most of the open area is covered by roads or

some concrete structures without proper drainage.The water on roads during rains remains stagnant

for hours together due to poor storm watermanagement and results into erosion of roads. In our country, industries and cities are facing

water crises due to over exploitation of under groundwater and no provision for recharge of aquifers.

Declining water levels are also consuming moreenergy in lifting the water and reduction in greencoverage.

Page 15: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

STORM WATER MANAGEMENT AND RECHARGING

GROUND WATER – ONE OF THE SOLUTIONS

Solution of managing storm water on roads in

urban and industrial areas is channilizing the sameto ground water system in hygienic manner.

This method not only helps in controlling thedevastating effects of storm water, but would

improve ground water regime both in terms of rising

of water levels and increase in ground water

availability.

The techniques will also increase life of roads andreduce cost on maintenance and repairs. Besides,better plant growth is envisaged with less water

requirement due to moist condition of surface soil

through percolation structures.

Page 16: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

STORM WATER MANAGEMENT AND RECHARGING

GROUND WATER – ONE OF THE SOLUTIONS

Solution of managing storm water on roads in

urban and industrial areas is channilizing the sameto ground water system in hygienic manner.

This method not only helps in controlling thedevastating effects of storm water, but would

improve ground water regime both in terms of rising

of water levels and increase in ground water

availability.

The techniques will also increase life of roads andreduce cost on maintenance and repairs. Besides,better plant growth is envisaged with less water

requirement due to moist condition of surface soil

through percolation structures.

Page 17: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

METHODOLOGY

In designing rainwater-harvesting system,

capturing rainfall run off from the roads and creating

artificial connectivity to sub surface water in the

hygienic manner is the key concept.

The effectiveness of the concept lies in reasonable

cost, coverage of large areas and immediate

implementation and immense benefits in terms of

additional water availability, improvement in waterquality, increased plantation, maintaining eco-

balance, reducing the cost on maintenance and

repairs of roads and many fold increase in life of the

roads.

Page 18: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

METHODOLOGY

Storm water harvesting along both the sides of roads withthe help of suitable, simple structures, would not only control

storm water hazards in cities, but will enhance ground wateravailability 8 to 10 times compared to natural process ofrainfall infiltration.

The location and design of sustainable storm waterharvesting system require hydro geological study of the area

as well as sub surface information of most permeable zone.Besides, average rainfall and rainfall intensity need to beanalyzed as per climatic zones .

Based on normal rainfall and peak rain fall intensity, thestorm water harvesting system is designed in such a way that

70-80 % runoff of roads and paved area is sent back toground water regime after natural filtration process based onRate of Recharge after Recharge Test on existing wells/pits. .

Page 19: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

RECHARGE TEST

The design is based on average annual rainfall and

its intensity and the intake capacity of the water by

the first aquifer.

In order to determine intake capacity of water by theaquifer, recharge test was carried out on an existing

bore well/open well. In this test, water at varying

rate was injected. For example- The water at rate of

500 liters/min did not spill over and the water column

developed was recorded. The rate of disseminationof water column to the original static water level was

periodically measured till original static water level

was reached.

Page 20: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

RECHARGE TEST DATA

Static water level = 6.20

Vol. of water injected = 500 liters (in 3 min.)

Initial water column observed = 5.21 m

Diameter of Well = 6 inches

Depth of well = 30 m

Total water dissemination period = 7 min.

Time in min. (t) Water

level in

meters (h)

Head in meters

4 6.12 0.08

5 6.14 0.06

6 6.16 0.04

7 6.17 0.03

8 6.18 0.02

9 6.20 0.00

Therefore, rate of water intake works out to be 0.055 m3/min. i.e. 3.3 m3/hour.

Hence,

Recharge capacity = 3.3 m3/hour 79.20 m3/day

Page 21: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

Therefore, the individual design can be made for accumulationof 79 m3 of water & hence the dimensional parameter of each

structure is kept as 5 m (length) x 5 m (width) x 3.25 m(depth) with 8”dia injection well/recharge shaft.These structures may be made at proper spacing depending

upon radius of influence.

Page 22: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

The area with soil/weathered rock having vertical

permeability up to water level zone:

In this kind of situation, the percolation pit

method would be suitable. In this method, the

pits of suitable dimensions can be made along theroads between side lanes and main road. These

pits may be made along both sides of the road atsuitable interval based on estimated runoff. The

pits should have natural filtration media of coarse

sand, gravels and pebbles and should be covered

with perforated slabs. The road should have 1

degree slopes towards these pits from thedivider.

DESIGN-I

Page 23: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

0.5 m Coarse Sand Layer

0.5 m Gravel Layer

2 m Pebble Bed

ONE FEET HIGH COVERED DRAIN

HAVING IRON NET WITH 1.5 MM

OPENING AT EVERY 50 M DISTANCE

CONNECTING RAIN HARVESTING

STRUCTURES.

Main road

Green belt

Percolation Pit

with perforated

slabs

Fig 1: Rain water harvesting design along the roads through percolation pits

Service Lane

Service Lane

Green belt

Trees

1m x 1m

50 m.

Perforated slab with 1.5 mm

opening

Permeable zone upto

water level

Ground

level

TREES

COARSE SAND

0.5 M

2.0 M

BOULDERS

0.5 M

GRAVEL

Iron Net FILTER with 1.5 mm

Opening fixed in Wall

Perforated Slab With 1.5 mm

Perforation

Silt / Dust deposit along with rainfall water.

To be cleaned every week during rainy season

Recharge shaft

Storage Tank ( 3.5 m x 1m x 1m)

0.5 M

Filtration Tank

( 3.5 m x 2m x 1m)

Water Level

Ground Level

Vadose zone of unsaturated media

Main road

Green belt

Service Lane

Service Lane

Green belt

500 m.

Fig:2:- Rainwater harvesting through Recharge shaft

4

ONE FEET HIGH COVERED DRAIN HAVING

IRON NET WITH 1.5 MM OPENING AT EVERY

50M DISTANCE CONNECTING RAIN HARVESTING

STRUCTURES.

TREES

CONNECTED WITH ROAD

SIDE DRAINS HAVING IRON

NET FILTERS.

DIVIDER

10 M

Impermeable layer

Page 24: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

The area having impermeable zones priorto water level, like clays, solid rocks etcand having relatively clean catchment:In this type of areas, the rainwaterharvesting system will have recharge shaftvia storage tanks and filtration tanksreaching 10 to 15 meters above waterlevel. The design is self explanatory as perFig. 3. Here, water is diverted to groundwater reservoir through recharge shaft viafiltration media crossing the impermeablezone.

DESIGN-II

Page 25: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

0.5 m Coarse Sand Layer

0.5 m Gravel Layer

2 m Pebble Bed

ONE FEET HIGH COVERED DRAIN

HAVING IRON NET WITH 1.5 MM

OPENING AT EVERY 50 M DISTANCE

CONNECTING RAIN HARVESTING

STRUCTURES.

Main road

Green belt

Percolation Pit

with perforated

slabs

Fig 1: Rain water harvesting design along the roads through percolation pits

Service Lane

Service Lane

Green belt

Trees

1m x 1m

50 m.

Perforated slab with 1.5 mm

opening

Permeable zone upto

water level

Ground

level

TREES

COARSE SAND

0.5 M

2.0 M

BOULDERS

0.5 M

GRAVEL

Iron Net FILTER with 1.5 mm

Opening fixed in Wall

Perforated Slab With 1.5 mm

Perforation

Silt / Dust deposit along with rainfall water.

To be cleaned every week during rainy season

Recharge shaft

Storage Tank ( 3.5 m x 1m x 1m)

0.5 M

Filtration Tank

( 3.5 m x 2m x 1m)

Water Level

Ground Level

Vadose zone of unsaturated media

Main road

Green belt

Service Lane

Service Lane

Green belt

500 m.

Fig:2:- Rainwater harvesting through Recharge shaft

4

ONE FEET HIGH COVERED DRAIN HAVING

IRON NET WITH 1.5 MM OPENING AT EVERY

50M DISTANCE CONNECTING RAIN HARVESTING

STRUCTURES.

TREES

CONNECTED WITH ROAD

SIDE DRAINS HAVING IRON

NET FILTERS.

DIVIDER

10 M

Impermeable layer

Page 26: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

FORMER PRESIDENT OF INDIA IS DISCUSSING WITH DR.JAIN ABOUT VIABILITY OF ROADSIDE RAINWATER HARVESTING

ALONG HIGHWAYS

Page 27: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

DESIGN-III - Artificial Recharge reservoir

The storm water generated in cities &industries with large catchment can bediverted to scientifically designed artificialreservoir based on runoff generated atpeak rainfall intensity and rechargepotential of sub-surface strata. In case ofhigher infiltration capacity of vadose &unsaturated zone, percolation pits withrecharge shaft are planned for increasedrecharge from surface water storage.

Page 28: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute
Page 29: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

Case Study-I: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT ON ROTARY

MARG, JAIPUR

Page 30: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

Analysis of Recharge test in Rotary Bhawan reveals thatinstantaneous dissemination of water is 0.47 m3 in 1 min = 0.5 m3per minute. Based on aquifer water intake capacity determinedthrough recharge test and estimation of road runoff of 15 min. peakrainfall, percolation structures were designed with optimum

numbers.The area with soil / weathered rock has vertical permeability up towater level zone without impermeable layer. In this kind of situation,the percolation structures of average 2 m depth, 4 m length and 1.5m width has been made along both sides of Rotary Marg fromRotary Bhawan to Sangam Tower. Such 14 structures on both thesides of the road have been made to recharge most of runoffgenerated in a single storm. The percolation structures have naturalfiltration media of coarse sand, gravels and pebbles with charcoallayer of 0.1 m followed by 0.005 m layer of potassium permanganateand covered with removable slabs. The road was requested to bemade with 1 degree slope towards these structures from the centerwith the help of Jaipur Municipal Corporation.

Page 31: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

PERCOLATION STRUCTURE

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR DESIGN OF ROAD STORM WATER HARVESTING

STRUCTURE

Page 32: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

The length of the road is about 400 m with average width of 8 m.Considering 600 mm annual rainfall and road catchment factor 0.75,direct runoff on road would be 1440 m3/ annum. Rotary marg alsoreceives runoff from the roofs of adjoining houses and Hathroihillock. The additional catchment area works out to be nearly 4000m2. The additional runoff will be 1800 m3/ annum.

The total runoff available for recharge will be around 3000 m3 /annum. Considering 60 mm as peak rainfall for Jaipur region, singlestorm of 15 minutes is expected to generate runoff on road of theorder of 80 m3. Each structure will have 6 m3 of water in the systemat any point of time with recharge rate of 0.5 m3 / min. 14structures designed would be able to accommodate 80 m3 of runoffduring any single storm. Hence, systems designed would befunctional efficiently in long term.

Page 33: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

HER EXELLENCY, THE THEN GOVENOR OF RAJASTHAN AND NOW PRESIDENT OF INDIA IS DISCUSSING URBAN STORM WATER

RECHARGE PROJECT WITH Dr. S.K.JAIN

Page 34: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

CASE STUDY – IIRoad/paved area storm water recharge in industrial premises of Hero Honda Motors

Limited, Dharuhera, Haryana

The total area of the roads of the factorypremises is 7581.5 m2, which would generate85.29 m3 volume of storm water runoff forrecharge to the ground water at an averagerainfall of 726 mm, considering peak rainfallintensity of 60 mm/hour and 0.75 as thecatchment factor.

Page 35: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

TO

MA

LP

UR

TO

JO

NIA

WA

SH

6 M

. W

IDE

SE

T B

AC

K

VEHICLE DESPATCH

RAMAN MUNJAL VIDYA MANDIR

AERATION TANK

RO

AD

GATE

BLOCK-E

BLOCK-C

BLOCK-B

BLOCK-D

TEST TRACK

GATE

ROAD

ROAD

27'-6" WIDE VILLAGE APPROACH ROAD

GATE

RO

AD

SWITCH YARD

DESPACH STORE

RO

AD

ROAD

RO

AD

HAZARDOUS

ROAD

TEST TRACK

ME

DA

IN

SE

RV

ICE

RO

AD

TO

JA

IPU

R

LPG TANK

RO

AD

ROAD

ROAD

CANTEEN

ROAD

RO

AD

RO

AD

GA

TE

GUARD ROOM8.0 M.WIDE ROAD

SE

RV

ICE

RO

AD

GATE

N H

8

ROAD

ROOMGUARD

TIMEOFFICE

LAWN

GATE

CYCLE STAND

TWO WHEELAR

PARKING

CA

RR

IAG

E W

AY

PARKING

AREA

TO

DE

LH

I

LAKE

GREEN BELT

HEAT

TREATMENT

ENGINEPLANT

ENGINEPLANT

CA

RR

IAG

E W

AY

STORE

6 M. WIDE SET BACK

6 M

. W

IDE

SE

T B

AC

K

6 M. WIDE SET BACK

30.0 M. WIDE DEVELOPMENT PLAN SECTOR ROAD

ENGINE PLANT WARE HOUSE

PROP.GATE

150MMØ

SLOPE 1:100

100.0

100.5

0

100.0

100.0

100.0

98.5

0

98.00

98.0

0

99.0

99.0

100.0

100.0

100.5

0

100.0

0

LAKE-II

Storage tank RWH

1

2

3

4

Desilting tank road RWH

N

INDEX

Rooftop rainwater

harvesting structures

for extension building

with one storage tank

RWH structuresBuilding

(3 structures)

(In.m.)

(In.cm.)

0 44 88 132 176

43210

Scale

(Phase I)

(2 structures)

Runoff flow direction

Proposed extension

plant building

Existing Lake

Lawn/open ground

Old Buildings

Existing roads(Width X Depth)

Road storm water

harvesting desilting

tank (Tool room)

(3 structures)Road storm water

harvesting with

desilting tank (Admin Block)

(0.3m. x 0.3m.)Drains along road

Part A

Part B

Connecting 8" pipes

from Desilting/Storage

Tank to Filtration Chambers

Page 36: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

Staire case

(length*width*depth)

Desilting Tank

(6 m x 3 m x 3.20/3.95 m*)

0.25 M

2.20 M

0.25 M

3.20 M

1.5 M

2.10 M1.50 M

6 M

Inlet

Filters

Silt pit

0.75mSink

Hole0.3M

0.30 m dia

inlet drain

Precasted CC

deattachable slabs

Staire case

for cleaning silt

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR DESIGN OF DESILTING TANK NEAR ADMIN

BLOCK AND TOOL ROOM AT HERO HONDA MOTORS LTD., DARUHERA

2 x 2 feet iron lid

8" OUTLET

PIPE with

filter to be

connected

with

Filtration

chambers

Gravel 0.5

mBAFFLE

WALL

6" holes

with filters

- WOULD VARY AS PER INVERTED LEVEL OF INLET DRAIN*

0.75 M

II Stage Filter

III Stage

Filter

Page 37: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR DESIGN OF PROPOSED FILTRATION CHAMBERS NEAR

ADMIN BLOCK AT HERO HONDA MOTORS LTD., DARUHERA

COARSE SAND

0.50 M

1 MPEBBLES

0.50 M

GRAVEL

3 m

1 M

1.5 m x 0.5 m x 0.10 m

Ferro covers

Stairs

2 FEET x 2 FEET

IRON CHAMBER

Inlet

Gravels

6" PVC Plain &

Screened pipe

Bail plug

6"injection well

60m

INJECTION WELL

WITH WELL CAP

Air vent

Length Width Depth

3 m 5.25 m3 m

3 m 5.35 m3 m

3 m 5.45 m3 m

Three nos. of

Filtration Chambers

Outlet

Gravels

Page 38: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

CASE STUDY – III

Road/paved area storm water recharge through

artificial recharge reservoir in industrial premises

of Hero Honda Motors Limited, Haridwar, Uttranchal.

The total area of the roads and paved areas of thefactory premises is 115080 m2, which wouldgenerate 129465 m3 volume of storm water runofffor recharge to the ground water at average rainfall of1520 mm per annum. The storm water drains asshown meets reservoir at the inlets (I1 and I2). Forextreme events of rainfall, two spillways are designedfor overflow of water towards main road as shown inFig. 13. To prevent sand, two desilting tanks arerecommended at the inlets to the reservoirs.

Page 39: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

1800 3200

2400 2400

DG FDV -2DG FDV -1

WE

LD

SH

OP

D

OL

PA

NE

L

ML DB

VTPN DB

CONNECTING

PASSAGE

15000

1500

22500

15000

18000

RCC PADES TALS

LP

G P

AN

EL

WA

.T. P

AN

ELC

OM

P. P

AN

EL

HWG PANEL

ML DB

VT

PN

DB

VTPN DB

PLATFORM

A A

B

B

C C

XR

1

3

2 4

IN TER LOC KING TILES

W1

W1

Map showing the locations of Roof top Rainwater Harvesting structures and

Storm water reservoir in the plant premises of Hero Honda Motors Ltd., Haridwar

Scale 0 1 2 3 (In cm)

0 44 88 132 (In mt.)

NORTH

EW

S

Investigated Siteboundary

INDEX

Drain

RWH RechargeReservoir withten percolationstructures

RWHstructures

Building

(6 Structures)B-1 buildings

(1 Structure)B-2 buildings

(1 Structure)B-4 buildings

Page 40: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

6 m

90 m10 m

Water Outlet Spillways at

96.5 m RL

Water inlet channel of

1 m width at 93.70 m RL

Water inlet channel of

1 m width at 95.50 m RLProposed Stone

pitching weir

by HHH

(Slope 1:2)

Proposed Stone

pitching weir

by HHH

(slope 1:2)

RAMP with 1:10 slope

Bottom RL - 91.30 m

Tree

RL - 100.25 m

Fig.1: Layout Plan of Artificial Reservoir at Hero Honda Motors Ltd., Haridwar

RWH Reservoirboundary

Water InletChannel

Ramp/MaintainanceTrack

Percolation Structures

Water outletSpillway

Desilting Tank

Bunding(2.4 m height, 12 m width

with 6 m flat top)

Stone pitching to be done by HHH

at 1:2 slope

RL of WL - 92.50 m

Page 41: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

COARSE SAND

0.5 M

1 MPEBBLES

0.5 M

GRAVEL

Inlet with RCC inverted

filter with 1 mm S.S. net

0.6 m dia. Recharge

shaft filled with

pebbles

3 m

Tank Dimension

( 3 m x 3 m x 3.5 m)

FIG. 2 : SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR DESIGN OF PROPOSED PERCOLATION

STRUCTURE IN THE RESERVOIR FOR STORM WATER RECHARGE

0.9

M

(length*width*depth)

30 M

1 M

1.5 m x 0.5 m x 0.10 mFerro covers

Stairs

0.6 m

Reservoir's

base level

2 FEET x 2 FEET

IRON CHAMBER

Inlet with RCC inverted

filter with 1 mm S.S. net

Page 42: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

RL=97.00 m

RL=96.68 m

BundingBunding

1.5

m

4 m

1.5

m

Outlet

spillway

SP-1 & SP-2(w

ith 1

:8 S

lope)

1.70 m

SP-1 SP-2

RL=98.50 m

Fig:-3 Proposed design for spillway of Artificial reservoir at

Hero Honda Motors Ltd., Haridwar

Foundation at

95.50 m RL

0.5 m

Pillar Size = 0.46 m x 0.23 m

Pillar

RL=97.00 m RL=97.00 m

0.5 m0.5 m

Page 43: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

FIG. 4 : SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR DESIGN OF DESILTING TANK NEAR SPILLWAY

Staire case

0.25 M

2.20 M

0.25 M

5.30 M

1.2 M

2.10 M 1.20 M

4.5 M

Inlet

Filters

Silt pit

0.75mSink

Hole0.3M

0.30 m dia

inlet drain

Precasted CC

deattachable slabs

Staire case

for cleaning silt

2 x 2 feet iron lid

8" OUTLET

PIPE with

filter to be

connected

with

Filtration

chambers

Gravel 0.5

m

BAFFLE

WALL

6" holes

with filters

2.55 M

II Stage Filter

III Stage

Filter

(length*width*depth)

Desilting Tank

(4.5 m x 4 m x 5.30/6.05 m)

Page 44: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

(length*width*depth)

Desilting Tank

(4.5 m x 4 m x 4.50/5.25 m)

FIG. 7 : SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR DESIGN OF DESILTING TANK NEAR RAMP

Staire case

0.25 M

2.20 M

0.25 M

4.50 M

1.20 M

2.10 M1.20 M

4.5 M

Inlet

Filters

Silt pit

0.75mSink

Hole0.3M

0.30 m dia

inlet drain

Precasted CC

deattachable slabs

Staire case

for cleaning silt

2 x 2 feet iron lid

8" OUTLET

PIPE with

filter to be

connected

with

Filtration

chambers

Gravel 0.5

m

BAFFLE

WALL

6" holes

with filters

*

1.75 M

II Stage Filter

III Stage

Filter

Page 45: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

REMOVAL OF POLLUTANTS

The percolation structures are designed withsufficient vedose zone acting as naturalfilter that removes pollutants and otherimpurities from the water as it movesdown to the ground water through naturalfiltration media consisting of pebbles,gravels, coarse sand, charcoal andpotassium permanganate layers .

Page 46: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

QUALITY IMPROVEMENT

Quality improvement through proper infiltration management is achieved as follows: (Herman Bouwer, USA)

1. Suspended Solids: essentially complete

removal

2. Dissolved Solids: No removal

3. Biodegradable organic compounds (BOD):

Essentially complete removal

4. Synthetic organic compounds : Some are

almost completely removed, some significantly and some very little.

Page 47: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ….

5. Bacteria and viruses: Essentially complete removal

6.Nitrogen : Significant removal .

7. Phosphorus : Significant removal .

8. Fluoride: Significant removal

9. Heavy metals : Significant to essential removal

10. Boron : No removal.

Page 48: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

MONITORING OF IMPROVEMENT OF GROUND WATER REGIME IN

PROJECT AREA

1. Monitoring well should be installed nearProject area for continuous record of waterlevel and quality.

2. Water quality and water level at this stationshould be monitored four times in a year forlong term assessment of impact of the projecton ground water condition in the area.

Page 49: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

• Reduction in runoff which chokes storm drains.

• No flooding of roads and increase in life of roads.

• Augmentation of ground water storage and control of decline of water levels.

• Improvement of quality of ground water.

• Reduction of soil erosion.

• Surviving water requirement during summer, drought etc. in cities and industrial areas.

• The method can also be applied on all highways for

improving ground water regime and to increase life of roads.

BENEFITS OF STORM WATER HARVESTING

Page 50: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

ROAD SIDE COVERED DRAINS

WITH WATER INLETS

RAINWATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES IN RUKMANI BIRLA EDUCATIONAL

INSTITUTE.

PRIMARY

SCHOOL

ENTRY

ROAD

STADIUM

ROAD

ROAD

RWH-1

S1 GEOELECTRIC SOUNDING POINT

( NOT TO SCALE )

RWH-1 : ALREADY COMPLETED

RWH-2 & RWH-3 : AS PER DESIGN IN FIG:'2'

RWH-4 : AS PER DESIGN IN FIG:'3'

ROAD 18 M WIDE

ADM.BLOCK

& HIGH SCHOOL

RWH-2

S3

PIPE OR DRAIN

RWH-4

S1

S2

RWH-3

OTHER CASE STUDIES

Page 51: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

Vatika City-Gurgaon

Page 52: STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT ... · STORM WATER MANAGEMENT, ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE & IMPROVEMENT IN GROUND WATER REGIME By Dr. S. K. Jain President, Institute

A very Big Thank you to all